Keywords
microbial control
bioassay
virulence
lepidopteran pest
How to Cite
Abstract
The microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 plays an important role in the mortality of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796), and shows high virulence to the beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis (Linnaeus, 1761). In contrast, the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) and the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) are referred to as resistant hosts, slightly susceptible to this microparasite. The goal of the present study was to test N. pyrausta against a broad range of lepidopteran species with different taxonomy, physiology, and ecology. The susceptibility to N. pyrausta spores fluctuated greatly among members of various families and superfamilies of Lepidoptera. As many as 13 species tested were found to be refractory (not able to support the development of the microsporidium), including three species of Yponomeutoidea, four species of Papilionoidea, one species of Pyraloidea, two species of Bombycoidea, and three species of Noctuoidea. The species found to be susceptible (with a high proportion of specimens displaying developed infection) included: Evergestis forficalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Crambidae), Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nymphalidae), and Dendrolimus sibiricus Chetverikov, 1908 (Lasiocampidae). The species newly found to be highly susceptible (high proportion of infected insects accompanied with high levels of early mortality) were: Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808) (Noctuidae) and Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758). Large quantities of spores can be produced in vivo using substitute laboratory host A. urticae. These results confirm previous observations that physiological host range of microsporidia (observed under experimental conditions) is broader than the ecological one (observed in nature).
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Genbank accession numbers:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/HM566196
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/GU828662
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KC836092
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/U26532
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/FN434087
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LC422335
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG456600
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/D85503
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ON256647 (will be made publicly available when the paper will be published; available at authors by request)
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