Keywords
Anatomy
Morphology
ISSR
infraspecific variations
How to Cite
Abstract
Lallemantia is a small genus with 5 species, which one of them is Lallemantia peltata. This aromatic plant grows in a limited area of the Iran and is known as medicinal herb in folk medicine. We have no information on the infraspecific variations on morphological, anatomical and molecular features of this species. Therefore, in the current study; we investigated these variations on six geographical populations of it. These plants were used for morphological, anatomical and molecular investigations. GenAlex, GenoDive and PAST softwares were used for statistical analyses. In morphological study, we used fifteen characteristics. PCA bi-plot revealed some characteristics had diagnostic value in separation of the populations. The studied populations were clustered into two groups. We examined fifteen qualitative and quantitative anatomical variables. PCA loading revealed that some anatomical variables had the highest positive correlation and were the most variable anatomical characters among the studied populations. Based on the anatomical traits, theses populations divided into two groups. Ten ISSR primers were used for examination of genetic variations among the populations. The STRUCTURE analyses of ISSR data revealed two groups in theses populations that they were divided into two groups in MDS plot. The results of morphological, anatomical and also ISSR studies were similar. Clustering and ordination of the studied populations separated some of these populations from the others and suggest the existence of two groups within this species.
References
Aktaş, K., Özdemir, C., Özkan M., Akyol, Y., Baran, P. (2009). Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Salvia tchihatcheffii endemic to Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18), 4519-4528.
Archak, S., Gaikwad, A. B., Gautam, D. et al. (2003.) Comparative assessment of DNA fingerprinting techniques (RAPD, ISSR and AFLP) for genetic analysis of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) accessions of India. Genome, 46, 362–369
Bechi, N., Garbari, F. (1994). Intraspecific variation and taxonomic aspects of some plants from the Apuan Alps (Tuscany, Italy). Flora Mediterranea, 4, 213-225.
Bosabalitis, A.M., Kokkini, S. (1997). Infraspecific variation of leaf anatomy in Origanum vulgare grown wild in Greece. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 123, 353-362.
Caliński, R.B., Harabasz, J. (1974). A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in statistics, 3, 1-27.
Dinç, M., Duran, A., Pinar, M., Öztürk, M. (2008) Anatomy, palynology and nutlet micromorphology of Turkish endemic Teucrium sandrasicum (Lamiaceae). Biologia, 63(5), 637-641.
Evanno, G., Regnaut, S., Goudet, J. (2005). Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology, 14, 2611-2620.
Falush, D., Stephens, M., Pritchard, J.K. (2007). Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: dominant markers and null alleles. Molecular Ecology Resources, 7, 574-578.
Freeland, J.R., Kirk, H., Petersen, S. (2011). Molecular Genetics in Ecology. Molecular Ecology, Second Edition.
Godwin, I. D., Aitken, E. A. B., Smith, L. W. (1997). Application of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to plant genetics. Electrophoresis,18, 1524–1528.
Gönüz, A., Özörgücü, B. (1999). An investigation on the morphology, anatomy and ecology of Origanum onites L. Turkish Journal of Botany, 23, 19-32.
Hagstroem, J. O. (1916). Critical researches on the PotanIOgetons. Kung!. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handlingar 55(5), 1-281.
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T., Ryan, P. D. (2012). PAST: Paleontological Statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4, 9-11.
Hedrick, P. W. (2005). A standardized genetic differentiation measure. Evolution, 59, 1633-1638.
Jamzad, Z. (2012). Flora of Iran no. 76: Lamiaceae. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran.
Koohdar, F., Sheidai, M., Talebi, S.M., Noormohammadi Z. (2015). Population genetic structure in medicinal plant Lallemantia iberica (Lamiaceae). Biodiversitas, 16, 139-144.
Mahmood, S., Hayat, M.Q., Sadiq, A., Ishtiaq, S.H., Malik, S., Ashra, M. (2013). Antibacterial activity of Lallemantia royleana Benth. indigenous to Pakistan. African journal of microbiology research, 7, 4006-4009.
Maxted, N., Hunter, V. (2011). Crop Wild Relatives: A Manual of in situ Conservation. Experimental Agriculture, 47, 735.
Meirmans, P.G. (2012). AMOVA-based clustering of population genetic data. The Journal of Heredity, 103, 744-750.
Meirmans, P.G., Van, Tienderen, P.H. (2004). GENOTYPE and GENODIVE: two programs for the analysis of genetic diversity of asexual organisms. Molecular Ecology Notes, 4, 792-794.
Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. (1972). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Leaves, Stem, and Wood in Relation to Taxonomy. With Notes on Economic Uses, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Özdemir, C., Altan, Y. (2005). Morphological and anatomical investigations on endemic Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. bicolor (Hochst) Edmund and subsp. santolinoides (Hausskn ex Bornm). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 37(2), 213-226.
Peakall, R., Smouse, P.E. (2006). GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Resources, 6, 288-295.
Podani, J. (2000). Introduction to the Exploration of Multivariate Data. Backhuyes.
Pritchard, J.K., Stephens, M., Donnelly, P. (2000). Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics, 155, 945-959.
Rechinger, K.H. (1982). Lallemantia. In: Rechinger K.H. (Ed.). Flora Iranica, vol. 150. Akademische Druck-U: Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
Rivera, D., Obón, C. (1992). The ethnobotany of old world Labiatae. Advances in Labiatae Science, 437-454.
Sefidkon, F., Sonboli, A., Kalvandi, R. (2006). Analysis of the essential oil of Lallemantia peltata from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 9, 42-46.
Sheidai, M., Seif, E., Nouroozi, M., Noormohammadi, Z. (2012). Cytogenetic and molecular diversity of Cirsium arvense (Asteraceae) populations in Iran. Japanese Journal of Botany, 87, 193-205.
Sheidai, M., Zanganeh, S., Haji-Ramezanali, R., Nouroozi, M., Noormohammadi, Z., Ghsemzadeh-Baraki, S. (2013). Genetic diversity and population structure in four Cirsium (Asteraceae) species. Biologia, 68, 384-397.
Sheidai, M., Ziaee, S., Farahani, F., Talebi, S.M., Noormohammadi, Z., Hasheminejad Ahangarani Farahani, Y. (2014). Infra-specific genetic and morphological diversity in Linum album (Linaceae). Biologia, 69, 32e39
Symoens, J. J., Velden, J. Van De Bueschner, P. (1979). Contribution a l'etude de la taxonomie et de la distribution de Potamogeton nodosus POIRET et Potamogeton thunbergii Cham. Et Schlechtend. en Afrique. Bulletin of the Société royale de botanique de Belgique, 112, 79-95.
Weising, K., Nybom, H., Pfenninger, M., Wolff, K., Kahl, G. (2005). DNA fingerprinting in plants: principles, methods, and applications: CRC press.
Zietkiewicz, E., Rafalski, A., Labuda, D. (1994). Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR)-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics, 20, 176–183
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.