Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 64
Научная статья / Research Article
УДК 314.74
DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2022)2-04
Особенности адаптивных стратегий иностранных мигрантов
вприграничных регионах России
Сылдысмаа Артуровна Сарыглар
Алтайский государственный университет, Барнаул, Россия,
Syldysma93@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8965-9922
Аннотация. .
, -, -
. -
, -
,
.
. -
, 11 -
. . .
,
-
( , , , , -
, ). 449 .
-
.
. -
, : , -
. , -
.
, -
: ( -
), —
( -
), (
, -
), — (
), — ( -
, -
, , ).
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 65
Ключевые слова: , , , -
, , , -
Финансирование: -
FZMW-2020-0001 « ,
: ».
Для цитирования: Сарыглар С.'А. Особенности адаптивных стратегий мигрантов впригра-
ничных регионах России // Society and Security Insights. 2022. Т. 5, №2. С.64–76. doi: 10.14258/
ssi(2022)2-04.
Features ofAdaptive Strategies ofForeign Migrants
inthe Border Regions ofRussia
Syldysmaa S. Saryglar
Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia,
Syldysma93@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8965-9922
Abstract. Migration has become an integral part ofmodern life. Due to political, socio-eco-
nomic, environmental factors, migration ows are increasing every year. One ofthe key areas
ofresearch remains the issues ofadaptation and integration ofmigrants, since the nature ofthe
adaptation ofmigrants depends on the social development and well-being ofboth the migrants
themselves and the host society. e purpose ofthis article is to study the features ofthe adaptive
strategies offoreign migrants inthe border regions ofRussia. e paper presents a theoretical
analysis ofmigration processes, including eleven laws ofmigration by E.G. Ravenstein and ap-
proaches to understanding the processes ofacculturation ofmigrants. e results ofsociological
research conducted by the research team ofAltai State University insix border regions ofRus-
sia (Altai Territory, Tyva Republic, Khabarovsk Territory, Volgograd Region, Astrakhan Region,
Amur Region) are analyzed. A total of449 foreign migrants were interviewed. e data were col-
lected using a questionnaire and analyzed using frequency and linear regression analysis methods.
Based on the analyzes carried out, a typology ofmigrants was obtained based on their migration
experience and migration intentions. ree groups ofmigrants arriving inthe border regions
have been identi ed— returnable, irrevocable and transit. It is noted that the processes ofaccul-
turation ofmigrants inthe border regions ofRussia are developing along the path ofintegration.
Based on the data obtained, ve adaptive strategies were identi ed that are typical for foreign mi-
grants inthe border regions ofRussia: full integration (knowledge ofRussian culture and support
for intercultural contacts with the host community), integration— intention (poor knowledge
ofRussian culture and support for intercultural contacts with the host community), transit inte-
gration (knowledge ofRussian culture and support for intercultural contacts with the host com-
munity is typical for transit migrants), separation is a threat (knowledge ofRussian culture and
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 66
lack ofintercultural contacts with the host community), assimilation is a bene t (poor knowledge
ofRussian culture, but the intention to support only Russian cultural norms and traditions, typical
for migrants who came to trade and purchase goods).
Keywords: migration, adaptation of migrants, integration of migrants, adaptive strategies
ofmigrants, migration activity, border regions, foreign migrants inRussia
Financial Support: e publication was performed as part ofthe state task ofthe Ministry
ofscience and higher education ofthe Russian Federation FZMW-2020-0001 „Human capital,
migration and security: transformation inthe new migration environment inCentral Asia“.
For citation: Saryglar, S.'A. (2022). Features ofAdaptive Strategies ofForeign Migrants inthe Border
Regions ofRUSSIA. Society and Security Insights, 5(2), 64–76. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14258/ssi(2022)2-04.
Введение
.
, -
— ,
.
. . , -
— , -
(, 212; Ravenstein, 1889).
, -
. -
:
, (
), -
( ) -
, —
( ). ,
— ,
- -
. ,
. , ,
211 . $372 (
, -
)
(, 213, United Nations Economic…, 1993).
. . , -
( ), -
. ,
, . . .-
, ( ),
— ( ). -
, — ,
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 67
( ). -
. . -
— ,
( ) (Ravenstein, 1885).
.
.
— , ,
(, 21).
, -
, , -
(, , 22).
. -
,
. -
. . , ,
, (-
, 27; Mai Le i, 217). «
» (Jiménez, 211).
, -
, . -
,
-
(, 21).
Методика исследования
-
.
,
. . . 218–
219. : , , -
, , , (n=449).
-
, .
-
.
.
. -
.
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 68
Результаты
Типология мигрантов
-
( ) .
-
, : , -
.
(, ). .
1. — , -
(Accordini, Giuliani, Gennari, 218). -
, (,
)
. , -
.
:
1.1. —
, -
.
:
) — ,
-
, ,
(2,1%
);
) — -
, (),
.
,
( ()
). 6,3% -
;
) — ,
, -
,
(7,3% ). -
,
;
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 69
) — ,
( ) -
(46,% ).
, 3–5 .
1.2. — ,
(29,6% ).
2. — «,
» (Maximova et al, 218; Oltmer, Ingalls, 213). -
,
. -
:
) — -
,
,
() (,3% );
) — ,
-
(1,4% ).
.
(75,%) (25,%).
3. — , -
( ).
, :
) — ,
, -
(5,2% );
) (
,
). , , -
,
() (1,4% );
) — -
, -
,
, (,3% -
).
, , ,
, -
— -
.
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 70
, .
, -
.
.
Специфика социальной адаптации иинтеграции мигрантов
, -
:
(84,3%) (, , , 218; , 216).
, -
. , ,
, -
, (6%). ,
, , -
, . ,
(66,7%).
,
, -
.
, -
,
,
, .
, -
. ,
, , .
, , , ,
, , -
-
. , , , ,
, ,
.
-
, (, ,
, 213). , -
(46,6%). , , -
(52,4%) (25,7%). -
. , -
.
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 71
, ,
. -
, ,
, -
. ,
, , ,
.
,
(, 218). , -
,
.
-
, ,
,
, . -
. -
,
,
.
Адаптивные стратегии мигрантов
-
,
.
1. — « », -
, ,
,
-
.
,
-
.
2. « — »
, , -
, -
, , -
, .
-
, -
, , -
. ,
-
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 72
.
, -
, .
,
,
.
3. « » -
,
, , -
, .
,
,
,
, . -
.
4. «— » ,
, -
, -
.
-
, -
.
( ), -
, , -
-
.
5. «-
— », , -
.
, , , -
(66,7%),
(66,7%) (66,7%).
Обсуждение
-
, .
.
.
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 73
(Konstantinov, 217). -
, ,
.
, -
,
, « ». -
, -
.
Заключение
, -
,
. -
, , .
. -
.
-
, : « », «— -
», « », «— », «— -
». « »,
, -
,
, .
СПИСОК ИСТОЧНИКОВ
. ., . . :
// . . . 212. 12. .1–19.
. . // -
. 213. 16. .36–42.
. . -
-: - // . 21.
3 (88). .117–12.
. ., . . -
// . 218. 4 (96). .7–17.
. . –
// .
. 218. 2 (46). .294–34.
. . - -
// . 27. 31–32. .196–25.
. . : , -
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 74
, // . 21. 2
(18). . 32–52.
. ., . ., . . //
. 213. 6–2. .13–16.
. ., . . :
, -
// Society and Security Insights. 22. 3 (1). .37–48.
. ., . ., . .
: -
// Society and Security Insights. 218. 4 (1). .81–92.
. ., . . : //
. 216. 4 (7). .9–97.
Accordini M., Giuliani C., Gennari M. Migration as a Challenge to Couple Relation-
ships: e Point ofView ofMuslim Women // SOCIETIES. 218. 8 (4). doi: 1.339/
soc8412.
Jiménez T. R. Immigrants inthe United States: How Well Are ey Integrating into So-
ciety? // Wilson Center. 211. URL: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/ les/me-
dia/documents/event/integration-Jimenez.pdf.
Konstantinov V. e Role ofthe Host Local Population inthe Process ofMigrants’ Ad-
aptation // Social Sciences, MDPI, Open Access Journal. 217. 6 (3). P.1–9.
Mai Le i. Social Capital, Migration, and Social Integration // GATR Journals by e
International Institute ofKnowledge Management. 217. 3. pp.353–363. doi:1.1751/
icedu.217.3135.
Maximova S. G., Noyanzina O. E., Omelchenko D. A., Molodikova I. N. e Russian di-
aspora: A result oftransit migrations or part ofRussia // Opcion. 218. 34. P.116–
144.
Oltmer J., Ingalls J. e Future ofMigration // TRANSIT. 213. URL: https://escholar-
ship.org/uc/item/558q15s.
Ravenstein E. e Laws ofMigration // Journal ofthe Statistical Society. 1885. 46.
P.167–235.
Ravenstein E. e Laws ofMigration: Second Paper // Journal ofthe Royal Statistical
Society. 1889. 52. P.241–35.
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) // International Migra-
tion Bulletin. Geneva, 1993. URL: https://unece.org/ leadmin/DAM/pau/_docs/pau/
PAU_1993_Publ_IntMigrBull3.pdf.
REFERENCES
Abylkalikov, S. I., Vinnik, M. V. (212). Economic theories ofmigration: labour force
and labour market. Biznes. Obshchestvo. Vlast’, 12, 1–19. (In Russ.).
Vasilenko, P. V. (213). Foreign theories ofmigration. Pskovskij regionologicheskij zhur-
nal, 16, 36–42. (In Russ.).
Интеграция ибезопасность в странах Азиатского региона 75
Gorinova, E. V. (21). Social integration ofmigrants as a way to preserve the homeosta-
sis ofthe recipient system: a social-synergetic approach. ONV, 3(88), 117–12. (In Russ.).
Kalachikova, O. N., Budilov, A.P. (218). On the measurement ofmigration. Problemy
razvitiya territorii, 4(96), 7–17. (In Russ.)
Konstantinov, V. V. (218). Migrants’ strategies ofsocio-psychological adaptation. Uche-
nye zapiski. Elektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta,
2(46), 294–34. (In Russ.).
Kuleshov, D. N. (27). eoretical and methodological aspects ofthe study ofmigra-
tion. Vestnik VEGU, 31–32, 196–25. (In Russ.).
Lifshic, M. L. (21). Migration growth inRussia: Factors, perspectives, conclusions for
migration policy. Prikladnaya ekonometrika, 2(18), 32–52. (In Russ.)
Puhova, M. M., Doroshina, I.P., Hodzhaeva, I.G. (213). eoretical foundations ofmi-
gration. TDR, 6–2, 13–16. (In Russ.).
Saryglar, S. A., Maksimova, S. G. (22). Migration behaviour: Strategies and practic-
es ofsocial integration, speci city ofmigrants’ adaptive behaviour inthe Asian part
ofRussia. Society and Security Insights, 3(1), 37–48. (In Russ.).
Saryglar, S. A., Maksimova, S. G., Molodikova, I. N. (218). Environmental security and
migration challenges: a sociological analysis ofthe situation inRussian regions. Society
and Security Insights, 4(1), 81–92. (In Russ.).
Slobodchikova, D. V., Stroeva, G. N. (216). Population migration: theoretical aspects.
Uchenye zametki TOGU, 4(7), 9–97. (In Russ.).
Accordini, M., Giuliani, C., Gennari, M. (218). Migration as a Challenge to Couple Rela-
tionships: e Point ofView ofMuslim Women. Societies, 8(4). doi: 1.339/soc8412.
Jiménez, T. R. (211). Immigrants inthe United States: How Well Are ey Integrating
into Society? Wilson Center. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/ les/media/doc-
uments/event/integration-Jimenez.pdf.
Konstantinov, V. (217). e Role ofthe Host Local Population inthe Process ofMi-
grants’ Adaptation. Social Sciences, MDPI, Open Access Journal, 6(3), 1–9.
Mai Le i (217). Social Capital, Migration, and Social Integration. GATR Journals
by e International Institute of Knowledge Management, 3, 353–363. doi:1.1751/
icedu.217.3135.
Maximova, S. G., Noyanzina, O. E., Omelchenko, D. A., Molodikova, I. N. (218). e
Russian diaspora: A result oftransit migrations or part ofRussia. Opcion, 34, 116–144.
Oltmer, J., Ingalls, J. (213). e Future ofMigration. TRANSIT. https://escholarship.
org/uc/item/558q15s.
Ravenstein, E. (1885). e Laws ofMigration. Journal ofthe Statistical Society, 46, 167–235.
Ravenstein, E. (1889). e Laws ofMigration: Second Paper. Journal ofthe Royal Statis-
tical Society, 52, 241–35.
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). (1993). International Mi-
gration Bulletin. Geneva, https://unece.org/ leadmin/DAM/pau/_docs/pau/PAU_1993_
Publ_IntMigrBull3.pdf.
Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2022 76
ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ОБАВТОРЕ / INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR
— -
-, - ,
-
, . , .
Syldysmaa A. Saryglar— junior researcher ofthe Department ofSupport ofResearch
and Development works, senior lecturer ofthe Department ofSocial and Youth Policy
ofthe Institute ofHumanities ofthe Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.
Статья поступила вредакцию 05.04.2022;
одобрена после рецензирования 24.04.2022;
принята кпубликации 26.04.2022.
The article was submitted 05.04.2022;
approved after reviewing 24.04.2022;
accepted for publication 26.04.2022.
