Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 30
Научная статья / Research Article
УДК 551.324.2+ 551.582
DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2023)3-02
Междисциплинарный анализ климатообусловленных
ландшафтных изменений ввысокогорье Алтая:
естественно-научные исоциологические данные
Светлана Геннадьевна Максимова1
Дмитрий Анатольевич Ганюшкин2
Дарья Алексеевна Омельченко3
Оксана Евгеньевна Ноянзина4
Галина Валентиновна Пряхина5
Дмитрий Вадимович Банцев6
Валерия Алексеевна Распутина7
1, 3Алтайский государственный университет, Барнаул, Россия
2, 5–7Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
4Главный информационно-вычислительный центр Министерства культуры
Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия
1 svet-maximova@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-4966
2 d.ganyushkin@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-8652
3daria.omelchenko@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-5070
4 noe@list.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-6021
5 g.pryahina@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3684-4638
6d.bantsev@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-1998
7lerasputina88@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9562-2950
Аннотация.       
      .  —    -
 ,       -
.      --
       ,
  2022 .    - 
.  -   -
        -
,   -   
,       ( 
 -  , n= 347).  , 
 -      61% ,
  7%    20 .   -
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 31
  —      -
 .      
 ,      .
      -
   ,   -
 .        -
  ,    
  ,      
    .
Ключевые слова:  ,  ,   ,
   ,   , -
  
Финансирование:        22-67-00020
« ,     ,  
        -
   » (2022–2025 .).
Для цитирования: Максимова С. Г., Ганюшкин Д. А., Омельченко Д. А., Ноянзина О. Е.,
Пряхина Г. В., Банцев Д. В., Распутина В. А. Междисциплинарный анализ климатообусловлен-
ных ландшафтных изменений ввысокогорье Алтая: естественно-научные исоциологические
данные // Society and Security Insights. 2023. Т.6, №3. С.30–62. doi: 10.14258/ssi(2023)3-02.
Interdisciplinary Analysis Ofclimate-Forced Landscape Changes
inthe Highlands ofAltai: Natural Scienti c and Sociological
Evidence
Svetlana G. Maximova1
Dmitry A. Ganyushkin2
Daria A. Omelchenko3
Oksana E. Noyanzina4
Galina V. Pryakhina5
Dmitry V. Bantсev6
Valeria A. Rasputina7
1, 3Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia
2, 5–7 Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
4 Main Computing Center ofthe Ministry ofCulture ofthe Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
1svet-maximova@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-4966
2 d.ganyushkin@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-8652
3daria.omelchenko@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-5070
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 32
4 noe@list.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-6021
5 g.pryahina@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3684-4638
6d.bantsev@spbu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-1998
7lerasputina88@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9562-2950
Abstract. Mountain territories are the object ofclose attention ofscientists due to the ongoing
changes inthe cryosphere. Altai isone ofthe world centers ofglaciation, where climatic changes
occur most intensively.  e article presents the results of an interdisciplinary geographical
and sociological study of climatic changes in the highlands of the Altai Republic, conducted
in2022 by scientists from Altai State University and St. Petersburg State University. On the basis
ofgeological-landscape study on the reconstruction and cataloging ofglaciers ofthe Little Ice
Age and the forecast ofdangerous exogenous processes, landscape changes and socio-economic
parameters, settlements for sociological surveys were selected (six settlements ofKosh-Agach and
Ulagan districts, n= 347).  e research showed that glaciers ofthe North Chuysky Ridge have
lost 61% oftheir area since the Little Ice Age, with 7% ofthe area reduced inthe last 20 years.
ere have been qualitative changes inglacier melting— currently, large glaciers are experiencing
the greatest degradation.  e population ofhigh-mountainous areas perceive climate change as
signi cant, a ecting their daily and economic life. Living near changing glaciers isassociated with
di culties and additional costs for agriculture, destruction ofcommunication and engineering
infrastructure. Meanwhile, the climate agenda isnot overly actualized, the population ofhigh-
mountainous areas demonstrates a high potential for adaptation, including due to traditional
knowledge ofnature management and living inharsh climates.
Keywords: climate change, glacier degradation, Altai highlands, population adaptation to cli-
mate change, natural hazards, climate risk perception
Financing: the publication was prepared within the framework ofthe RNF project No. 22-67-
00020 “Changes inclimate, glaciers and landscapes ofAltai inthe past, present and future as a ba-
sis for a model ofadaptation ofthe population ofintra-continental mountainous areas ofEurasia
to climate-induced environmental changes” (2022–2025).
For citation: Maximova, S. G., Ganyushkin, D. A., Omelchenko, D. A., Noyanzina, O. E., Pryakhina
G. V., Bantсev D. V., Rasputina V. A. (2023). Interdisciplinary Analysis ofClimate-Forced Landscape
Changes inthe Highlands ofAltai: Natural Scientifi c and Sociological Evidence. Society and Security
Insights, 6(3), 30–62. doi: 10.14258/ssi(2023)3-02.
Введение
     ,  
     . 
    ,  -
       -
  .    -
 ,   -   ,
      -  
,    (, , 218). -
,       
       -
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 33
,      ,   -
  ,    
   ,   , 
    ,  -
      -
   ,   -
    1.
      
      
,     ,  -
  ,   .
        
   ( , ,
 , ,  ..)    -
 ,  - .
 8%      -
  .     -
       
,  , , -
 (, 219;  ., 218; , , -
, 222).      
 4–42%  ,   -
     —  
 ,    ,  
28,6. (,,, 221).-
  -   , 
 23 .    ,  
  .     
 (, 21).
  ,  ,   -
,       -
 :     
    ,    
,      
(, 22).    
   ,    -
   (, , , 218).
      -
     ,  
    ,  -
1 О Стратегии национальной безопасности Российской Федерации : Указ Президента РФ
от02.07.2021 № 400. Пп. 78–83 // Консультант Плюс. URL: h ps://www.consultant.ru/document/
cons_doc_LAW_389271/11f9b19337c1414c493bfd768cedff e7 2cae88/
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 34
    ,    
,   -
    .   -
       -
     (, 215).
       -
 , ,  ,     
 ,      
  ,    
     
.    ,  , -
    ,  — 
,     -
 ,    ,  
     (, 216).
      -
       (,
219).      
  ,     , 
      : -
     ,29 ± ,12 °C  27
216 . (Pörtner et al., 219).      -
   ,     
        
.-
       -
,    (.,
221).      ,  
,   ,     -
,    ,  ,  
  .   
      -
 ,     
,   -     -
     .  
   ,    -
    (Pörtner et al., 219).
     
    ,   
   -,   ,
  , ,   -
 ,     .
   , -, 
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 35
   ,  
 ,     
    . -,
   ,    -
 ,  , ,   -
  -  ,  
 ,     -
  . -,   , 
     -
 ,      
 ,   ,  
       
    ,   -
      .
     
 ,   -  -
  .    -
 ,  222 .  , 
     -
,       -
 ,    .
Методы исследования
      -
(),-
-   ,  -
    (, 29).   
  , ,  ,  -
       
 .     -
       : 
,   .     -
     ,  -
       -
     ,   
—    (, 211).
         -
       
.        
 ,       .
 ,     ,  182
- 1-,-
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 36
      
   .   -
   ( , - ), 
     –55 °.   
     11798 ., 
- — 18512 .,   14,4%  
   (5,6% 8,8% )1.
 222 .       -
      -
-     XIX . (  -
  ()) (Ganyushkin et al. 222).   
       
  222 .,      
   ,      
1924 .    GPS-  , -
   198 .,      
 ( GPS)    .  -
   ,  GPS-
   .
     -
 17   (GeoEye-1, World View 2, Sentinel-2, Landsat-7,
Landsat-5, Landsat-3, Corona)    1962 221 . 
       
       -
       (
., 218),       
 (Ganyushkin ., 222).
       
 ,       ti -
  zi,    
 ,    zm,   
 tm  ,     zi, -
  ∆t       
1,5 °.       -,
  82     26 .
      -
 — -.     -
        .  -
  Ab      ..
.. ,     K
(, , 1999):
1 Численность населения по муниципальным образованиям. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/
compendium/document/13282
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 37


1,33 9,66 2,85
b
AK tZ

. (1)
       ,82.
      -
    , -
  .    -
--
 22       
     : 199821 . (Landsat 7
 2 .) 22–222 . (Sentinel 2-L2A  222 .).  -
      -
   ( 212 .   ,   -
 ),      ..
       .
        -
,     :
18 18 18
11 2 2
ROf ROf RO
, (2)
 R18O1—    , f1—   ,
R18O2—    , f2—   ,
R18O—    ( ., 216).
      -
        .
       -
        .
     ,   -
,  ,  ,  , -
-—,
   ,   , 
 ,   — 
       
    (,  , , -
, ),     .
     , 
         .
       
       -
.:-
, -—   ,  — , -,
 — , -—   .  -
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 38
   347 .  22  8  (61% 
 , 39%— ).    -
  ,   ,  -
   «»  ,
      
- .
Сопоставление первичного анализа естественно-научных данных и ре-
зультатов социологических опросов населения
Результаты гляциологических иметеорологических измерений
     ,  -
   .    
    XIX .  
   ,  -
    (, , 212).
   ,  
     ,   
 ,     :
    , ,   ,   
      -
 (, , , 212).
      -
    ,   -
 ,    ,  -
  ,      
,    .  , 
    ,    -
      ( 2–3 °
 3 ),   ,   -
  222 .   -   ,
    ,    -
 (Ganyushkin ., 222).
 ,      34,9 ± 23,49 2
   14,24 ± 16,19 2 2 . 12,2 ± 16,19 2221 .-
    16,5 3    5,6–5,8 3 221.
 2 .     , 
   ( 6 )  -
    ( . ,  ),  -
  .  2 .    
 (  ),     -
    .    
    27 .
      
  -   .  -
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 39
   ,      
 17,49  13,21 2.     65  
    1 .    -
   21222 .  2   -
  1989–21 .
 1—   -    
.   —  , —  .
Figure 1— Reduction ofglaciers inthe North Chu Range from the smallest possible ice
age. e top half ofthe picture isthe eastern part, the bottom half isthe western part.
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 40
 ,  -    -
      2   , 
     .
,   1968 221 .    .
  3%,     2   25
 ...      -
      . -
     .   
     .    -
  ,  ,  12 .
      . -
     
,    ,  — -
  .
      
,     « 
»,       -
.,
    ,    
    ( -
       -
,    ).  1  
 ,   .
 1.
Table 1.
   ,  
e main characteristics ofthe high mountain lakes included inthe catalogue
 /   ,   
2000 .
 
2022 .
 
20 , %
1 2 2277 17025 10729 –37,0
2 3 2295 19197 17610 –8,3
3 4 2465 2548 10341 305,9
4 5 2565 2017 2437 20,8
5 9 2934 4529 2975 –34,3
6 12 2926 2533 1830 –27,7
7 14 2412 4365 3460 –20,7
8 15 2406 5107 5201 1,8
9 17 2547 9361 9423 0,7
10 22 2832 8805 15228 72,9
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 41
 /   ,   
2000 .
 
2022 .
 
20 , %
11 28 2589 2772 724 –73,9
12 29 2768 12548 35503 182,9
13 30 2710 4396 7042 60,2
14 31 2711 2700 4292 59,0
15 32 2727 669 832 24,3
16 36 2790 2380 2594 9,0
17 37 2886 30522 34601 13,4
18 41 2910 5261 6491 23,4
19 42 2646 3481 7938 128,0
20 44 2843 2736 50579 1748,4
21 48 2773 2725 4707 72,7
22 49 2652 38095 67410 77,0
23 53 2943 9847 18231 85,1
24 54 2910 6649 8250 24,1
25 55 2872 6375 12325 93,3
26 56 2870 2676 3674 37,3
27 60 2742 3293
28 61 2717 299
29 1 2687 14757
30 6 2570 822
31 7 2979 10380
32 8 2474 14350
33 10 2967 9571
34 11 2987 1756
35 13 2492 7336
36 16 2745 11694
37 18 2863 1433
38 19 2907 2300
39 20 2911 506
40 21 2906 1648
41 23 2705 1510
42 24 2608 2953
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 42
 /   ,   
2000 .
 
2022 .
 
20 , %
43 25 2960 14843
44 26 2982 14471
45 27 2711 3666
46 33 2714 836
47 34 2853 1087
48 35 2907 383
49 38 2898 3070
50 39 2887 10668
51 40 2827 674
52 43 2726 4134
53 45 2867 902
54 46 2862 531
55 47 2796 5045
56 50 2715 1781
57 51 2690 319
58 52 2692 884
59 57 2547 1496
60 58 2547 550
, 22
   ,   -
,  114% ( 28  6 , .. 2 ).    
      .
     , -
 ,   .    
  ( ,7%  1748%),    
     .  -
      , 
,        
   .   
    
 ,      .
 ,   ,  -
 ,     . -
,      
  196-   (. 2).
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 43
 2—     
 ,  -.
Figure 2— Variation inaverage summer temperature and annual rainfall,
Kara-Turkek weather station.
 3—   1838 .      -
.  —  , —  .
Figure 3— Extended until 1838 a range ofsummer temperatures at the Kara-Turk weather
station. Green curve— 5-year smoothing, red— polynomial approximation.
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 44
    ,  
, — . .     
 (  ,7)    -
   -  1961 221 ., -
       
.- 1838. (. 3). -
  ,    (-, ) 
 :       192-, 
 192- 197- .,     
( 1,5–3 °)  199- .,    2 .  199-
  ,
      , 
      ,   -
   .
 4—     Ab
    .
Figure 4— Estimated multi-year ablation changes Ab at the bottom ofthe Greater Maashay Glacier.
 ,  ,   15  
      -
,         ,
      .
       -
,      , -
,      -
  .    
   :
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 45
  (,  ), -
.         , .. -
  ,    
,     .
        212
.,  .    
        , 
       
     . -
       (. 4).
       -
       
.  222 .       
      .   
         .
 2.
Table 2.
     . 
Isotopic analysis ofwater samples from river Maashey
     δ18 (‰)
1   .  24.09 13:30 16,19
2    24.09 14:00 17,29
3   .  25.09 12:30 16,37
4   .  25.09 16:00 16,34
         
  .   δ18   2.
,  δ18      (17,29 ‰)  
 .
      . , 
 δ18    (17,29 ‰),   δ18 -
 . -      
    ,    -
    2425     
   .
  δ18     c 
 GNIP 19621
.,   IsoMAP— Isoscapes Modeling, Analysis and
Prediction1.     -
1 URL: http://www.waterisotopes.org; URL: https://nucleus.iaea.org/wiser
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 46
OIPC       -
        
(Bowen, 218).        -
      -
 IsoMAP. ( , 217).
,   OIPC,   5° ..,  87° .. -
 296  (     . ) δ18 
 12,3 ‰.
  ,   δ18  1, 3, 4 (16,3 ‰)
δ18    (17,29 ‰),    -
          
222 .      8%.  ,  
,    ,     .
       
198-  2- .  21- .    ( 
198- .)       .
 ,       
    ,     
        -
 ( ,    
  , ),   .
Результаты социологических опросов населения в Кош-Агачском и Улаган-
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   ,   -
      , 
   ,    -
 ,    .
       (49,1%)
,        -
  ,  2,%    
  (22,7%) -. -
    ,   
     ,   
 . ,   ,  «зимой
стало теплее, алетом холоднее»,   «изменчивый, каждый год по-разно-
му», «нельзя отследить, приметы не работают». ,   
  ()  () .
        
- (71,4%),   -    -
 46,4%.       
 - (25,% ),      19,6% (. 5).
       -
      , -
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 47
      
.   , 67%    -
 ,   , 55,9%—  , -
  , 5,9%—    (  
).  4%     
    , 35,4%—  -
  ,   .  14%
      ,  1%
   , 9,9%—    
, 7,5% —       . -
  (8,7%)   «»
 : ,  «весной вода из-под земли выходит» ( 
  ),    («вихри»), 2,5% -
    («стало меньше снега»),  -
,       , ,  ,  .
,       -
      . -
        
-   (72,9% 81,5%).   
,        --
  (39,% 41,%)     -
- (8,7%) (. 6).
 5—   : «    , 
 ,  ,    , 
  ?»,    , %.
Figure 5— Distribution ofanswers to the question: «In the last few years where you live,
according to your feelings, the average annual temperature has become higher, lower
orhas not changed?» depending on the place ofresidence ofthe respondent, %.
      
  ,   ,  (59,9% -
,    — -— — 66%). 
   (28,7%)    
 (  — 4,7%), 52,2%—  
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 48
 ,   (  — 63,%).  
   (47,1%) ,    -
  ,      ( 47,1%
, — 34,8%—  -,  56,9%— -
,  -).    
  .
 6—       
     , % ( ).
Fi gure 6— Respondents’ opinions on the increase inthe frequency ofnatural hazards
inwinter depending on the place ofresidence ofthe respondent, % (multiple responses).
        , 
,  ,    , — 
 ,    , 12,7%— 
   . -  
      (28,6%) .  -
  (7,4%)       («пого-
да меняется резко»)  ,  «лето сместилось», «сроки лета сместились,
уменьшилось»,    («мелкий дождь неделями»— .,
1985. ., . -).
        ,  
 5–1  ,   ,   -
.      ,  
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 49
 .     ,  ,
       ,     -
 .
 7—     
   , % ( ).
Figure 7— Respondents’ opinions on the increasing frequency
ofnatural hazards insummer, % (multiple responses).
       (75% -
),  ,  , ,     -
 23. 1991 .  ,
   7   , 
       18  -
1.  ,    - 
    2- .,    
  .    
       , 
1 Алтайское (Чуйское) землетрясение: прогнозы, характеристики, последствия: https://web.
archive.org/web/20090130042031/http://e-lib.gasu.ru/konf/zemletr04/
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 50
       ,
   1.      
    :   (28%) ,  
       ,   
 — 37,7%.
   ,  ,    -
: 47% ,         ,
39,4%—        2–3 .
  6%  ,      (,
 ,           
,   ).
       -
: 35%
        51 .
 3,9%   ,     , -
,       ( 
1,4%),      ,    
   (56,3%)   , -
   .
,-
 ,     -  -
  ,     
.        ,
   ,   ,  -
 (,, ,,-
, 215).      214 ., 
    15  ,   
33..2      (28%)  -
,    ,    -
  6%     -
 .   ,   
,   ,    (4,5%)—  
    2–3 .       -
 ,      , 13,5%— 
 5 , 24,3%—    5 .
     (22,%) ,    
   , 72,2%   , -
  .     ,
  ,    
1 Оценка гидрогеодинамического состояния сейсмоактивных регионов Российской Федера-
ции: http://geomonitoring.ru/endogen_svodki.html
2 Под водой: пять лет назад в Республике Алтай случилось наводнение: https://www.gorno-
altaisk.info/news/104040
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 51
. -     , -
    -   , 
      ,    -
   .
    (2%) ,    -
 ,  , , 4%  (  -
).
    . ,  
221.-
   6 . 2    -
,  ,  ,    
.- (  ). - .  ( -
 ) 221 .      -
  .    -
 .  22 .   412   
 - (  ).   
      352452, -
     . 
 - 22 .   ,  
 , .  22 .  - -
   -   
. .   (  )  22 .  -
, ,    78,   
    (),  -
  1.     . 
 ,     ,
 ,   (59,3%),     -
 ,   ,  22,2%     
 2–3   18,5%—   5   .
      
, ,     , -
   ,   
   .    
     - (78,3%), 
-, (66,%-
),   (7,4%)  - (3,). ,  -
   , ,     -
 (38,3%),    -,   (13,2%). 
-       (34,8% ), 
.-
, - (52,2%),
1 Проявления опасных экзогенных геологических процессов натерритории Российской Фе-
дерации: результаты мониторинга. https://egpmapold.geomonitoring.ru/
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 52
         (-
      — 3,7%   -
, - — 18,9%, -   
— 21,7%).,-
 -,   (35,8%), ,     ,
     ( 3).
 3.
Table 3.
     
  , % (  , 
     
   , z-, p<,5).
Comparison ofthe responses on natural hazards depending on the locality ofthe
survey, % (the color ofthe cells where the response rate di ers signi cantly
from at least one ofthe remaining answers, z-criterion, p < .5).
- 

-,
,

, -
-
   30,0 7,4 66,0 78,3
,  
,    38,3 25,9 13,2 34,8
  - ,
  , 
 
16,7 0,0 13,2 17,4
 75,0 74,1 75,5 82,6
,  , ,
 11,7 11,1 35,8 13,0
, , 
 45,0 33,3 26,4 30,4
   , ,
    28,3 7,4 18,9 30,4
  , 
  ,
,  , -
 
21,7 3,7 18,9 52,2
      , -
        -
       
     , 
 .
   ,  , ,
,   .     
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 53
     ( — «приезжаешь
и видишь, что шапка ледника стала меньше»)    -
   ,     . 
     ,   
,       
  .    (41,7%) , 
  ,   ,  
.       -
    . ,     
     29,6%  (   -
  ,   ,   ,   
  ),   -     48,3%.
      -, 
 (43,4%),    -   
39,1%  .
  ,  ,       -
  , ,      
,   ,   -
 .        - , 
 (67,2%),,-
   (  ,  -
 — 5,%), ,  , ,  (43,8%).  -
   ,  -     ,
 (35,9%). 
      (26,6%
).     ,  
 ( )  ,   -
 ,     -
  .    (21,9%)   
 ,    .
      .
,-
     ,  
       
—  (, 222). 
   ,    
  .   1% 
   ,  , «стало сложно организовывать быт»,
«стало плохо спастбищами, нет травы», «стало значительно холоднее».
       -
  .     -
,     . ,   
     -,    -
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 54
     .   -
,      ,    -
  ,      
, ,     -
 ,   ( -).
 8—    ,   ,
   , % ( ).
Figure 8— Risks ofliving near glacier, inthe zone ofpermafrost, depending
on the respondents’ place ofresidence, % (multiple response)
Обсуждение результатов
      -
,     .  
,    ,   -
  , ,
 ,     
,   ,   -
 , , ,     ,
 ,    ,  -
    - . 
-    - , -
   ,    
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 55
     
     , -
     , 
       (, -
, , 222).  ,     
    .   -
,  ,     ,
        -
    ,     
     (, 221).
      -
,  ,   
 ,   ,  
     -
,      .
      
222 .       
       --
    .  
     ,   -
,     
      ,
 ,  .
      
   ,    -
  ,   ,  
-.    ,   , -
      -
.       , 
 ,  .    
     ,   
   .    
 —      -
  (    - ). 
   ,     (
 ),     ( -
).     , 
,   ,       -
    ,   
(    , -, ). 1%
 2%      -
—   ,    , 
  ,     -
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     , 
  .
    ,   
 ( ,  ,   , 
), ,     
  ,   ,
      ,  -
       ,  
 .     ,  -
,   ,    -
 .  ,     
(-),     ,  
,  ,    ,
     ( ), 
       
  ,  ,    -
        -.
       
      .  42% , 
   ,    -
    .   
,    ,  
 ,   ,  
 .
Заключение
   ,    
    ,   - -
     (, -
  ),    
      .     -
    ,   -
    ,   
     . , , 
        
.    2     5 . 
    -  -
        
  , ,     -
 .    ,  -
      
        . 
      , 
Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 57
    . ,
    ,     -
       -
 ,     .
СПИСОК ИСТОЧНИКОВ
 . . .       -
    //   . 1982.
43. . 114119.
 . .      
     () // -
    . . . 222.  11 .148166.
 . .  . .,  . .,  . .  -
      -
//   . 218. . 1,  1. . 167177.
 . .,  . .  .  : , 1999. 136 .
 . .,  . .      -
  //  , , . 212.  6. . 5–54.
 . .,  . ,  .    -
        
 //  -  « -
 — 21. , 218. . 85–94.
 .       -
 //  . 216.  11 (1). . 157176.
 . .,  . .,  . .    // 
  . 219.  11 (2). . 182–19.
 . .,  . .,  . .,  . .  
         // 
. 217. . 57,  1. . 5768.
 . .,  . ., , . .   
 :     -
    // Society and Security Insights,
222.  5(2), . 13–32. https://doi.org/1.14258/ssi(222)2-1
 . .,  . .,  . .   
    //  -
. 218. 4 (48). . 118126.
 . .,  . .,  . .   
, //..
. 222. 1. . 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/1.52978/2618771_222_1_89–94.
 . .,  . .,  . .   
     -
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 58
:   //  
. 221. 1. . 143156.
 . .        -
 //   . 219.  3. . 161184.
 .    //    . 21.
8(3). . 17–183.
 . ., , . .,  . .,  . .,  . .,
 . .,  . .,  . .,  . .  . .
     - // -
 - .  . 221.  66(3). .487–59.
 . .   —    //
 . 221. 1(4). . 5–14.
 . .,  . .,  . .    -
   //   
. 212. 2(3). .1519.
 . .      -
    //   . 215.
1 (4). .6672.
 . .      // :
  . 22.  15 (2). . 78711.
 . .,  . .     -
   //    . --
 .  . 217. 1 (193). . 124–129.
 . . -   -
       -
 : . . ... - . . . 29.
 . .,  . .,  . .,  . .,  . .
      -
  // ,   . 215.  4. . 48–59.
 . .,  . . --  : 
   //  , , .
211.  6 (1). . 267272.
 . .,  . .,  . .,  . .,  . ., -
. .        
    //  . 216. . 56,  2. . 161168.
 . .,  . .    
      -
 //  :  . 218.  16(6). .1127
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ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ОБАВТОРАХ / INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS
  — - . , , . 
  ,   ,
., .
Svetlana G. Maximova— Dr. Sci. (Sociology), Professor, head. Department ofSocial and
Youth Policy, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.
  — - . ,   -
   , - -
 , . -, .
Dmitry A. Ganyushkin— Dr. Sci. (Geography), Professor, Department ofPhysical Ge-
ography and Landscape Planning, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  — . . ,   
 ,   , .,
.
Daria A. Omelchenko— Cand. Sci. (Sociology), Associate Professor at the Department
ofSocial and Youth Policy, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.
   — . . , ,  -
- ,  -
    , ., .
Oksana E. Noyanzina— Cand. Sci. (Sociology), the Head ofthe Information and Analy-
sis Department ofthe Main Computing Center ofthe Ministry ofCulture ofthe Russian
Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Society andSecurity Insights № 3 2023 62
  — . . ,   -
    , - -
 , . -, .
Galina V. Pryakhina— Cand. Sci. (Geography), Associate Professor with assigned re-
sponsibilities as Head ofthe Department ofLand Hydrology ofSt. Petersburg State Uni-
versity, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  — . . ,   -
  , -  ,
.-, .
Dmitry V. Bantev— Cand. Sci. (Geography), senior lecturer at the Department ofLand
Hydrology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  — -, -
 , . -, .
Valeria A. Rasputina— Research Engineer, St. Petersburg State University, St. Peters-
burg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Статья поступила вредакцию 01.09.2023;
одобрена после рецензирования 15.09.2023;
принята кпубликации 15.09.2023.
The article was submitted 01.09.2023;
approved after reviewing 15.09.2023;
accepted for publication 15.09.2023.