Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 66
Научная ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ / Research Article
Π£Π”Πš 338.43
DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2024)1-05
Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ чСловСчСского ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…
гСостратСгичСских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ базис ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-
экономичСской бСзопасности государства
ΠΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΡ ΠœΠΈΡ…Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½Π° Полянская
Бурятский государствСнный унивСрситСт ΠΈΠΌ. Π”ΠΎΡ€ΠΆΠΈ Π‘Π°Π½Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°, Π£Π»Π°Π½-Удэ, Россия
natali_mz@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6387-6494
Аннотация. ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜ͺξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”
ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜«, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜˜-
ξ™‘ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά  ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜€ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’,
ξ˜žξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘. ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’, ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•,
ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜‘, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜‘, ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜Άξ˜¨, ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’
ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜¨, ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜•-
ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜•, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜«, ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–.
 ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜―ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜΄: ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜Ώξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά. ξ˜‡ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—-
ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’
ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ™‘ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’-
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜­  ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξš˜ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜š
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘.
ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜£ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜«
ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜—ξ˜₯-
ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ™—ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜ξ˜•ξ™‘ξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–. ξ˜‰ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜› ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά
ξ˜˜ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•-
ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜ ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜ ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜ ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜„ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›, ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜š 
ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜–-ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜–, ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜œξ˜’ξ˜–-ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜–, ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜¨-
ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜.
ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова: ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜,
ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜΄, ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€-
ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 67
ЀинансированиС: ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ™€ξ˜“ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜’ 24-05-01 Β«ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜¦ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜› ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ -
ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺΒ», ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜–. . ξ˜²ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’.
Для цитирования: Полянская Н.М. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ чСловСчСского ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Π΅ΠΎ-
стратСгичСских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ базис ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСской бСзопасности государства //
Society andξ˜†Security Insights. 2024. Π’.ξ˜†7, β„–ξ˜†1. Π‘.ξ˜†66–86. doi: 10.14258/ssi(2024)1-05.
ξ™Ύ e Development ofξ˜‚Human Capital inξ˜‚Priority Geostrategic
Territories asξ˜‚theξ˜‚Basis ofξ˜‚Socio-Economic Security ofξ˜‚the State
Natalya M. Polyanskaya
Banzarov Buryat state University, Ulan-Ude, Russia
natali_mz@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6387-6494
Abstract: ξ™½ eevents taking place inthe country andtheworld inrecent years urge us to re-
ξ™Ύ ect, rethink thedeformed pyramid ofvalues that has become entrenched inour country, andre-
orient it towards apost-industrial society, where human capital andinnovative development are
recognized asthemain wealth ofthe country. ξ™½ equality ofhuman capital, expressed inedu-
cation, health, professionalism, life satisfaction, freedom ofcreative approach to their develop-
ment, high labor productivity, is themain driving force for thedevelopment ofscience, technol-
ogy, innovation andsocio-economic growth ingeneral. Without high-quality human capital, all
ambitious government projects are ephemeral: there will simply be no one to implement them.
It is high-quality human capital that creates theprerequisites for preserving andstrengthening
thesocio-economic security ofregions andcountries. In recent years, theRussian regions have
maintained ahigh migration decline inthe population, theleakage ofhighly qualiξš€ ed personnel
is increasing, poverty andproperty segregation are increasing, thenutritional structure is deterio-
rating, morbidity andcrime are increasing, andingeneral, thestandard ofliving ofthe population
is decreasing. ξ™½ is can become aprerequisite for thegrowth oftension andinstability insociety.
ξ™½ e Far Eastern Federal District has been recognized as a priority strategic territory
ofRussia, andit has been assigned theappropriate tasks to achieve advanced socio-econom-
ic development. ξ™½ elatter is possible only with theprovision ofhigh-quality human capital.
ξ™½ eauthor tried to describe therelationship between thequality ofhuman capital andthelev-
el ofsocio-economic security, analyzed themain parameters ofthe standard ofliving ofthe
population ofthe Far Eastern regions, identiξš€ ed themain problems andidentiξš€ ed conceptual
directions for their solution. ξ™½ earticle is ofan overview andanalytical nature, andmay be
ofinterest to both theoretical researchers andpractical managers dealing with issues ofhuman
capital development andregulation ofsocio-economic processes.
Keywords: socio-economic security, human capital, standard ofliving, population, demogra-
phy, regions, poverty, development, management, government regulation
Financial Support: the article was prepared with the support of the project 24-05-01
β€œHigh-quality food supply asafactor inimproving thestandard ofliving ofthe population ofthe
Republic ofBuryatia”, implemented at theBuryat State University named aξš– er D. Banzarov.
Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 68
For citation: Polyanskaya, N.M. (2024). Theξ˜†Development ofξ˜†Human Capital inξ˜†Priority Geostrate-
gic Territories asξ˜†theξ˜†Basis ofξ˜†Socio-Economic Security ofξ˜†the State. Society andξ˜‚Security Insights, 7(1),
66–86. (Inξ˜†Russ.). doi: 10.14258/ssi(2024)1-05
Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ξ˜‚ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ ξ˜‰. .ξ˜­ξ˜‰ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜ͺ (221: 5)
ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜ͺξ˜›ξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜ ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ™‘ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜­β€” ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨.
ξ˜‰ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜Άξ˜–ξ˜— ξ˜‘. ξ˜‚. ξ™‹ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’-
 ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜’ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜€ ξ˜‡. ξ˜‡. ξ™Šξ˜€ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜€: Β«ξ˜†ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’-
ξ˜ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜¨ ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–: ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—-
ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—, ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’,
ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜šξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜«  ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜«Β»1. ξ˜‚ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜«   27 ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™
ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜ ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜¨: ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄,
ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄, ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ™€ξ˜—ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜•, ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿ-
ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜΄ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜. ξ˜‡ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜­β€” ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄. ξ˜Žξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜«, ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜–
ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’. ξ™—ξ˜—-
ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜— ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜Ά, ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜•, ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜’, ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ™‘ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—
ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜š, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜’ (ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜ͺ). ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜” ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜§-
ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜. ξ˜†ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜‘
ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— (ξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά) ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜” ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—. ξ˜Šξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜— ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜•. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«  219 . ξ˜„ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜™ξ˜— 225 . ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’
ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜¦ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•-
ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•-
ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜†ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜” ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜–ξ˜•-
ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž ξ˜„ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜«
ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, .. Β«ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜€-
ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ™ ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•,
ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜’ξ˜ͺξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺξ˜–ξ˜• ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜ͺξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•Β»2. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿ ξ˜„ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯-
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’
ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜‘. ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜§ξ˜’-
ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜• ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘.
ξ˜Šξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜©ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”-
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜–. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺξ˜§ξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜‘-
1 Ломоносов, М. Π’. ПолноС собраниС сочинСний. Π’.ξ˜†6. М. ; Π›.ξ˜†: 1950–1983. Π‘. 384.
2 ΠžΠ±ξ˜†ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ пространствСнного развития Π Π€ Π½Π°ξ˜†ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎ 2025 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°: Рас-
поряТСниС ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π Π€ ΠΎΡ‚ξ˜† 13.02.2019 β„–ξ˜† 207-Ρ€ (Ρ€Π΅Π΄. ΠΎΡ‚ξ˜† 30.09.2022). URL: https://www.
consultant.ru (Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° обращСния: 16.02.2024)
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 69
ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜” ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜‘, ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜ͺξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜‘-
ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–.
ξ˜‹ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Ά ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜΄ξ˜­β€” ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’
ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’. ξ˜ͺ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•:
β€’ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”-
ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜΄  ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜•;
β€’ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘-
ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘-
ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜’.
ξ˜‚ ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄. ξ˜‡ξ˜£ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£-
 ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜€ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•-
ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘.
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜š  ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜–
ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜‘, ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜– ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›, ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜š-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜.
Π‘ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСская Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈξ˜‚Π΅Π΅ основныС характСристики
ξ˜†ξ˜’ ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜ͺξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•  ξ˜—ξ˜š-
ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜’  ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š
ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜‘, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’-
 ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜­β€” ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘, ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘,
ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜¦ξ˜•-
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘ (ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘) ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜›. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺξ˜§ξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜§. ξ˜…ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜š
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜©ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜’-
ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–; ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š  ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά,
ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•, ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜ͺξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜‘
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜£-
ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’. ξš˜ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•
ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜©ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜š ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘
ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜΄. ξ˜‰ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜€ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά.
ξ˜‚ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜ͺ-
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜Šξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜§ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜§ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜« (ξ˜ˆξ˜€ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜œξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’,
221: 1173). ξ˜΅ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š Β«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’-
ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜¦ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜› ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜’
ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’Β» (ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’, 21: 59). ξ˜…ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š 
ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ Β«ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜₯ ξ˜”ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿ-
ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜«: ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜ͺ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›-
Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 70
 ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•; ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜€ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜«
ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄, ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—  ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜ΆΒ»
(ξ˜‘ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜¨ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’, 223: 15). ξ˜†ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜€ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜› ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ 
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ (ξ™‹ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’, 223: 63).
ξ˜„ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜–,ξ˜­β€” ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜ͺξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—-ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜ͺξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘
ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•, ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜€-
ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•. ξš˜ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜š
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ώξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜¦ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώ-
ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ώξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•. ξ˜‚ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜«
ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜. ξ˜ƒξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜•, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›, ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺ
ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨
ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜­ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘-
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜’
ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜«  ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜‘
ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜•. ξ˜‰ξ˜­ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜‘
ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•ξ˜­β€” ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”-
ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜¦ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜΄, ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜Ώξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—-
ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜΄, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ™Ÿξ˜¨ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜•-
ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•. ξ˜‡ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘. ξ˜‚ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜—.
ξ˜„ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜¦ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜­β€” ξ˜€ξ˜”-
ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜¨ ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜Ά, ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜­β€” ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜΄
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’,
ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜š, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘.
ξ˜ƒξ˜–ξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ™‘ ξ˜ͺξ˜™, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜£ Β«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•Β» ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜«
ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜’, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜—ξ˜£ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ Β«ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜—, ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜•
ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜¨ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜«, ξ˜₯ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•Β» (ξ™Šξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜“ξ˜—, 223: 274). ξ˜΅ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—, ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•
ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜•ξ™‘ξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™-
ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜«
ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’. ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—
ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜­β€” ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜ͺξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘, «ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘Β» ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—-
ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’, ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–.
ξ˜‚ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜” ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•. ξ™—ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜•-
ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜žξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜Šξ˜£ξ˜•,
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜¨ ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜Ά, ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜₯ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜. ξ˜²ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜• ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•-
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 71
ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•:  ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜‘, ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜’, ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜€-
ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜’, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜›.
ξ˜‡ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜­ β€”
ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜”ξ˜’ ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“, ξ˜˜ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜’: ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•,
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜˜ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜’, ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜¦ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜’, ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜›-
ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜™ξ˜΄ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜«, ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜˜-
ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’, ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜‘, ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘-
ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜›.
ξ˜„ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘-
ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜«, ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜«
(ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”.1).
ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜“ 1ξ˜­β€” ξ™—ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜‰. ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜€.
Figure 1ξ˜­β€” ξ™½ ePyramid ofNeeds by A. Maslow.
ξš‰ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« Β«ξ˜ͺξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜”Β» ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯, ξ˜“ξ˜—-
ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’, ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜« -
ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜‘. ξ˜ƒξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜• ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜’-
ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–, ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜Ά
ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜«, ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜—ξ˜­β€” ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜‘. ξ˜†ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜–
ξ˜‚ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜’, ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄. ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜Άξ˜­ β€” ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜— Β«ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜΄ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜ΆΒ». ξ˜‚ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜’
ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜ͺξ˜– ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜΄ ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜€ξ˜˜ξ˜Ά, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜•-
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ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜―ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•-
ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜“ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜‘-
ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜§-ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜ž. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜Άξ˜•, ξ˜žξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜ž
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜“ξ˜€ ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜’ξ˜­Β«ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”Β» ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜—. ξ˜…ξ˜— ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•
ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜• ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜©ξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜­β€” ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜’. ξ˜Šξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜’,
ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜•ξ™‘ξ˜Ά ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š. ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜
ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’-
ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜“ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜΄ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•. ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜¦ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜—-
ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜–, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜€ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜•, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜—
ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—, ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά.
Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈξ˜‚ производство основных
ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² питания Π²ξ˜‚Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π”Π€Πž
 ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜΄ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, XXI ., ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜›
ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜€, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜• 1/5 ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜’
ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜š (ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜‘, ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜€ξ˜‘ξ˜š) ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜‘ (ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”.2).
ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜“ 2ξ˜­β€” ξš‰ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜΄ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— 223 ., ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜š ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. 1
Figure 2. ξ™½ enumber ofpeople with incomes below thepoverty line
at thebeginning of223, % ofthe total population.
1 Рисунки ΠΈξ˜†Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ составлСны Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎξ˜†Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Росстата (Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ России. Π‘ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-
экономичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ. 2023: Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚. сб. / Росстат. М., 2023. 1126 с.).
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 73
ξ˜‚ ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄. ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜“, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–
ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜‘, ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜§ξ˜’-
ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜ͺξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜ͺξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”-
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• (ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜Ÿξ˜’
ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜΄ξ˜’). ξ˜‚ξ˜­ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜‘, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜‘ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘, ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜–
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜•.
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜«
ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜­β€” ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜΄, ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜–ξ˜•: ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—-
ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜•
ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜• (ξ™—ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ, 223), ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ (ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜. 1).
ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜’ 1
Table 1
ξ˜Žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— 223 ., %
ξ™½ e level ofhousing improvement at thebeginning of223, %
Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½
Π£Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ вСс ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ-
ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°-
Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈ-
Π΅ΠΌ
горячим
водоснаб-
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ 54,4 51,7 55,7 44,4
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ (ξšξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ) 55,9 54,6 80,4 50,7
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 54,1 52,3 56,3 45,5
ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 96,0 90,9 92,6 79,6
ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 78,9 75,9 81,8 58,5
ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 82,7 82,1 86,0 78,7
ξ˜‰ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 70,0 66,9 77,4 61,4
ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 90,5 89,5 95,4 87,4
ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 94,8 91,9 98,3 86,5
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 63,6 62,1 66,6 50,2
ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž 93,9 91,7 98,2 90,0
ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š 72,1 69,9 77,4 61,4
ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ™ ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜ͺ 86,1 81,3 88,4 75,0
ξ˜Šξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜«-
 ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜’. ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜“, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•, ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜‘, ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜’
ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ώ-
ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜–. ξ˜‚ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ, ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜•. ξ˜†ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜«
Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 74
ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜΄ ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜ž ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜• (ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘-
ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•), ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜­β€” ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜• ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—
ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜‚ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ (ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜. 2).
ξ˜†ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— 223 . ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜Ά ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘-
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜™ ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨.
ξ˜‡ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜“ξ˜’, ξ˜žξ˜™ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ™‘ξ˜‘
ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•. ξ™—ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—-
ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜Šξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ 
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜’. ξš˜ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿ, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜„ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜•
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜™ξ˜— 225 .
ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜’ 2
Table 2
ξ˜Šξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜
ξ™½ e main demographic indicators ofregional development
Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ На Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°
2006 2011 2021 2022 2023
ΠšΠΎΡΡ„Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ СстСствСнного прироста/ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ насСлСния (Π½Π° 1000 Ρ‡Π΅Π».)
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ –1,6 4,3 0,9 –1,5 –1,0
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ (ξšξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ) 4,0 7,0 4,1 1,6 3,5
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –3,7 2,1 –1,9 –4,4 –2,6
ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –1,5 –0,6 –2,3 –4,4 –3,0
ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –5,8 –2,5 –5,9 –7,7 –6,2
ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –5,5 –1,7 –5,0 –6,6 –4,4
ξ˜‰ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –4,9 –1,5 –6,3 –9,0 –5,7
ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –2,6 –1,5 –3,1 –6,4 –4,0
ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –6,1 –2,8 –2,2 –4,4 –3,1
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –6,5 –1,9 –5,6 –8,1 –5,7
ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž 3,8 0,9 0,4 –0,7 0,4
ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š –3,9 –0,6 –2,8 –4,9 –3,2
ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ™ ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜ͺ –5,9 –1,7 –4,8 –7,1 –4,0
ΠšΠΎΡΡ„Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прироста/ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ (Π½Π° 10ξ˜‚000 Ρ‡Π΅Π». насСлСния)
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ –26 –24 –21 –15 –23
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ (ξšξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ) –28 –71 66 90 –38
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –47 –46 –82 –96 –55
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 75
Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ На Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°
2006 2011 2021 2022 2023
ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –199 –41 –81 24 –102
ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –51 –35 –45 –9 –57
ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« –93 –31 –67 49 –23
ξ˜‰ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –100 –60 –53 –41 –40
ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –180 –141 –62 –41 –77
ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –104 –63 –70 –24 –87
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά –159 –49 –83 –114 –87
ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž 73 –174 –206 76 –18
ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š –70 –46 –42 –4 –47
ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ™ ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜ͺ 20 19 13 39 4
ξ˜†ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜ͺξ™‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά, ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜‰. . ξ˜‰ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜’, ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«-
ξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘-
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ Β«ξ˜—ξ˜š ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜€ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺΒ»
(222: 14). ξ˜΅ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜” ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘-
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜–, ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•. ξ˜²ξ˜‘ξ˜™-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜­β€” ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜£ ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜‡ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜š, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— Β«ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘-
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜“ξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ™Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜΄, ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄
ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺΒ» (ξ˜‰ξ˜˜ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜, 221). ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜€ ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜΅ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜‚ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜§ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜” ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜€ ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜΄ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜›-
 ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜«. ξ™—ξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜•1 ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— 223 . ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜’ 1,14 . ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­1ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜–2 ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜• ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• 8,5 . ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­1ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜–2.
ξ˜†ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜©ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ: ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜€ Β«ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜ΆΒ»
ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’. ξ˜‚ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ™‘ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜¦ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜¦ξ˜•-
ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺξ˜­β€” ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄,
ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜‘ ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜›.
ξ˜‚ξ˜”ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•-
ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜ƒξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜™ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ  ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜˜ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—-
ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜“ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜«, ξ˜›ξ˜΄ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜«
ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜¦ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜΄, ξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•
ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜– .
ξ˜΅ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜΄ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜­ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜“ ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜•, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜«,  ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜¨ ξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜Ά, ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜“ ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜¦ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜› ξ˜€ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜«ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—,
1 Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ России. Π‘ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ. 2023: Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚. сб. / Росстат. М., 2023.
1126 с.
Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 76
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜•ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—-ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ (ξ˜΅ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£-
ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜’, 223). ξ˜‚ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€-
ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ (ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜”.3).
ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜“ 3ξ˜­β€” ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’, ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜Ώ. ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ.
Figure 3ξ˜­β€” ξ™½ emedian per capita monetary income ofthe population
at thebeginning ofthe year, rubles per month.
ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ,
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘, ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜–
ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘. ξš˜ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜΄ ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜¨ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Άξ˜¨ ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ˜’ (ξ™—ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ, 223), ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜—
ξ˜šξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜΄ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜¨ξ˜©ξ˜•ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’.
ξ˜²ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ™‘ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜•, ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜‘; ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜• ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜€ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜ͺ-
 ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜­ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜΄ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜’ ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜’-
ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜– ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜­ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜– (ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜. 3).
Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈξ˜†Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ξ˜†ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ… Азиатского Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° 77
ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜’ 3
Table 3
ξ™—ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜— 223 .
Population poverty parameters at thebeginning of223
Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½
Π“Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°
бСдности,
Ρ€ΡƒΠ±. Π²ξ˜‚ΠΌΠ΅-
сяц
ЧислСн-
Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ
насСлСния
Ρξ˜‚Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°-
ΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅
Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹
бСдности,
ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚
ΠΎΡ‚ξ˜‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ
числСнно-
сти
ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈ-
Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ,
Ρ€ΡƒΠ±. Π²ξ˜‚ΠΌΠ΅-
сяц
ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срСднС-
Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ
Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄
ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈ-
Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌΡƒ
ΠΊ стоимо-
сти ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-
мального
Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°
ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²
питания
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ 14992 19,0 15172 1,75 4,0
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ (ξšξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ) 20556 15,5 21019 2,09 4,9
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 15746 17,6 16286 1,74 3,8
ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 25056 12,8 25223 2,11 6,0
ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 16474 11,4 16564 2,20 4,7
ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 18055 10,5 18558 2,17 5,0
ξ˜‰ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 15745 13,3 16174 2,14 5,0
ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 24581 7,4 24220 2,93 6,9
ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 18740 7,0 18930 2,89 6,9
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 18462 20,0 18758 1,57 3,8
ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜«
ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž 26152 6,6 31736 2,59 6,0
ξ˜ξ™  13545 9,8 13919 2,50 5,7
ξ˜‚ ξ˜―ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜”ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜’ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€ ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜€.
ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜‘
ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ. ξ˜Šξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜™ξ˜£ξ˜—, ξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜•ξ˜§-ξ˜§ξ˜’ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜« ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜΄ ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ ξ˜”ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜š ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜£ξ˜€ξ˜¨ ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜€ (ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜. 4).
Society andξ˜†Security Insights β„– 1 2024 78
ξ˜…ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜’ 4
Table 4
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜­ξ˜“ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜– ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜«, ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜€ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­1 .
Morbidity by disease class, cases per 1 people
Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½
Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ
эндокринной
систСмы,
расстройства
питания
ΠΈξ˜‚Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅-
ния обмСна
вСщСств
Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ си-
стСмы ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-
обращСния
Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°-
Π½ΠΎΠ² дыхания
Новообразо-
вания
2011 2023 2011 2023 2011 2023 2011 2023
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜²ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ 13,3 14,2 20,7 26,4 292,9 407,4 6,7 9,5
ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜€ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ (ξšξ˜“ξ˜€ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜ͺ) 16,7 8,9 29,8 24,5 461,5 659,3 10,7 9,1
ξ˜Œξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜«ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 11,1 10,5 25,2 27,5 313,7 446,8 8,4 7,3
ξ˜ˆξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜Ÿξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 6,9 12,3 40,9 23,5 384,3 464,0 10,7 10,4
ξ™—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 7,5 7,8 19,5 29,0 308,7 400,4 9,6 13,1
ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜« 8,2 8,2 15,6 21,8 329,4 408,8 7,8 7,2
ξ˜‰ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 15,2 11,3 23,2 21,0 319,3 497,1 8,2 7,8
ξ˜‘ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜’ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 11,5 38,0 17,1 16,5 331,3 421,9 8,5 7,3
ξ˜„ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 13,6 9,6 26,7 16,8 358,7 350,3 10,7 11,1
ξ˜ƒξ˜˜ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜«ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά 11,2 6,1 20,1 20,2 309,4 370,8 9,1 10,4
ξš‰ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜’ξ˜˜ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜«
ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜ž 11,2 14,8 32,6 24,5 570,6 673,3 14,7 12,1
ξ˜΅ξ™ ξ˜Š 11,1 10,3 22,6 24,7 337,3 451,1 8,9 9,6
ξ˜ξ™  10,2 12,5 26,1 33,6 324,0 422,0 10,8 10,9
ξ˜‚ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜’ ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜’ ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜’ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜€ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜Ώξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜ͺξ˜šξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜₯ξ˜’ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜›ξ˜΄
ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜˜ξ˜΄ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜“ξ˜•,  ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜Ÿξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜ξ˜‘ ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜€ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£, ξ˜”ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜—ξ˜—ξ˜Ώξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜₯ξ˜‘ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜›ξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜— ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜–ξ˜•
ξ˜”ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜€ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜• ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜• ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­  ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜– ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜—
ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜“ξ˜’. ξ˜†ξ˜‘ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜™ξ˜ξ˜ͺ ξ˜—ξ˜šξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜žξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜« ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜¦ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘-
ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜’ξ˜ͺ ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜€ξ˜₯ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜Ά ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜–ξ˜€, ξ˜Ÿξ˜šξ˜— ξ˜›ξ˜’ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜—ξ˜£
ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜« ξ˜ͺξ˜ͺξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ (ξ˜₯ξ˜— ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜œξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜– ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜–) ξ˜₯ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜œξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜–, ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜•ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜‘
ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜‘ξ˜™ξ˜’ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ™€ξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜―ξ˜£ξ˜‘ξ˜›ξ˜žξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜₯ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Άξ˜£ξ˜΄ξ˜’ ξ˜˜ξ˜‘ξ˜©ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜, ξ˜˜ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜˜, ξ˜–ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜—-
ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜―ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜˜ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜•ξ˜˜ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜š ξ˜“ξ˜­ξ˜€ξ˜’ξ˜€ξ˜™ξ™‘ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ, ξ˜”ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜¨ ξ˜₯ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜šξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜Ά-
ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ™€ξ˜•ξ˜§ξ˜£ξ˜• ξ˜ξ˜¨ξ˜™ξ˜‘ξ˜«. ξ˜ξ˜’ξ˜§ξ˜€ξ˜–ξ˜‘ξ˜‘ξ˜šξ˜”ξ˜ͺ, ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜­ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘ ξ˜§ξ˜™ξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜Άξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜™ξ˜•ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜–ξ˜•ξ˜“ξ˜€ ξ˜§ξ˜’ξ˜Ώξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜˜ξ˜’ξ˜‘ξ˜–ξ˜—-
ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜• ξ˜£ξ˜’ξ˜”ξ˜‘ξ˜ξ˜‘ξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜˜ξ˜ξ˜•ξ˜ͺ ξ˜•ξ˜­ξ˜–ξ˜£ξ˜—ξ™€ξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜˜ξ˜— ξ˜™ξ˜›ξ˜€ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜’ ξ˜¦ξ˜’ξ˜“ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜›ξ˜—ξ˜˜ξ˜­β€” ξ˜―ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜ξ˜—ξ˜žξ˜•ξ˜Ÿξ˜‘ξ˜”ξ˜“ξ˜—ξ˜‘ ξ˜”ξ˜—ξ˜”ξ˜šξ˜—ξ˜ͺξ˜£ξ˜•ξ˜‘