 

  

INTEGRATION AND SECURITY IN ASIAN REGION

Научная статья / Research Article

УДК 551.583.1+ 316.334.5

DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2024)2-01

   

   

(    )

Светлана Геннадьевна Максимова

Дарья Алексеевна Омельченко

Дарья Константиновна Щеглова

1–3

Алтайский государственный университет, Барнаул, Россия

svet-maximova@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-4966

daria.omelchenko@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-5070

daschul9@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-0306

.  ,     -

   ,    , -

      .   

  ,     ,

     ,   , -

        -

.     ,  2022–

2023.      ( ,  ,

 ).      (n=1345)

        -

       ,

  ,   ,

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 14

  . ,    -

       ,   -

     ,   — 

   .  

 :       

   ,      -

   .    

 ,    ,   -

    ,   .

 :   ,  , -

    ,  ,  -

,   

:      No 22-67-00020

« ,    ,  

        -

   » (2022–2025 .).

Для цитирования: Максимова С.Г., Омельченко Д.А., Щеглова Д.К. Климатические изме-

нения вобщественном сознании жителей Алтайской горной страны (сопоставление социоло-

гических данных втрех регионах) // Society andSecurity Insights. 2024. Т. 7, №2. С.13–36. doi:

10.14258/ssi(2024)2-01.

Climate Change inthe Public Consciousness oftheAltai

Mountainous Country Residents

(Comparison ofSociological Data inthree Regions)

Svetlana G. Maximova

Daria A. Omelchenko

Daria K. Shcheglova

1–3

Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia

svet-maximova@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-4966

daria.omelchenko@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-5070

daschul9@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-0306

Abstract. eglobal character, scale ofconsequences andclose connection with sustainable

development make theissues related to climate change apriority andvital fortheentire world

community. Mountain areas are theepicenters oftheclimate crisis, accumulating not only natural

risks associated with thedegradation ofglaciers andpermafrost, but also ethno-cultural risks,

themain consumers ofwhich are indigenous peoples andtheir distinctive cultures. earticle

presents theresults ofsociological expeditions conducted in2022–2023 inthree regions oftheAl-

tai mountain country (Altai Krai, Republic ofAltai, Republic ofTyva). Based on thedata ofstruc-

tured interviews with residents (n = 1345), theassessments oftheimportance ofclimate change

issues forresidents are analyzed inconjunction with theassessments ofthehorizon ofperceived

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 15

climate change andits consequences, therelationship with environmental risks, adaptation to cli-

matic conditions, security andlife satisfaction. It isshown that climate issues occupy asignicant

place inthe public consciousness ofresidents ofmountainous regions; however, if inthe national

republics they are inthe category ofvital issues, inAltai Krai they are secondary andcompete

with economic andsocial problems. eperception oftemporal characteristics isheterogeneous-

inAltai Krai theinitial point ofchanges islocated more deeply on thetime continuum, while

residents oftherepublics tend to perceive changes inthe near retrospect. elinks with conjugate

dimensions are regionally specic, but ingeneral indicate that concern about climate risks ishigh-

er insocial groups with increased vulnerability.

Keywords: perception of climate changes, ecological situation, risks ofeconomic activities

ofindigenous peoples, public consciousness, Altai mountainous country

Financial Support: thepublication was prepared within theframework oftheRNF project

No. 22-67-00020 “Changes inclimate, glaciers andlandscapes ofAltai inthe past, present andfu-

ture as abasis foramodel ofadaptation ofthepopulation ofintra-continental mountainous areas

ofEurasia to climate-induced environmental changes” (2022–2025).

For citation: Maximova, S.G., Omelchenko, D.A., Shcheglova, D.K. (2024). Climate Change inthe

Public Consciousness oftheAltai Mountainous Country Residents (Comparison ofSociological Data

inthree Regions). Society andSecurity Insights, 7 (2), 13–36. (InRuss.). doi: 10.14258/ssi(2024)2-01.

 

       

      

     « »,

     ESG-   -

    -  -

  (,  222; , 223).  

     (), -

     ,  -

  (Masson-Delmotte et al., 221).   

    -

 ,     -

 (, , , ) -

,     

    (Adger, Brown, Surminski, 218).

      

.        ,

    , -

   ,  3–6  .

 (, 219).     

  ,   

       (22–

28%  XXI . 4–72%    ), 

    (, 217).    

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 16

- ,    

.      -

  , - -

,       

. ,        

   ,   -

   ,  , ,  , ,

 .  ,    , 

     , -

     (, , 221).

  -     -

,    ,   ,  

    , , 

  .      ,  -

       

,   ,   . -

   :    (-

    ),     ,

  ( ,   ), -

  (  ), / (-

   ,    

),     (    

 ) (Morris et al., 219).   -

    : ,    

  ,  -   

 - ,      

    .  ,  ,

   ,  ,  -

       -

  (Valkengoed, Steg, Perlaviciute 221).  -

     — -

(, ),  ,    (-

     ).  -

   ,     

       -

.      

    ,  -

      ,   

     

   (Schneiderbauer et al., 221).

         -

  ,     -

.       -

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 17

,      (, ,

  . .)      (-

, 217).      , -

       ,  -

      

 .      

   ,   .

   ,  -

   ,    

     

   ,    -

 (, , , , 219).

      ,

   ,   -

    , ,  -

  ,     

    

 (, 22; , 223).   

  ,    --

 ,   -, -

,  ,   -

    -  

.  ,   

   ,    -

 ,      -

, , ,    , 

 ,     .

      -

  

      

,   , 

 ,  

 ,   

.      -

         

 ,      

      (, 24). -

      --

      (, ,

) ( …, 211).

    

,     ,    -

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 18

        —

, , ,  .     -

 .    -  

  . ,  22 .,  -

   ,  794   ( 219 .— 17),

495      ( 219 .— 767), -

      -

 (    ),    299— 

  ( 219 .— 33),    

 5      -

    ,  

.         -

     — , , ,

  (  , 221, 222).

      -

  ,  ,    

 —  ,    ,  

  ,    

      -

   ( ., 22).

    ,    -

      -

,      

    .   

2,13 . (223),        22- -

,        (14,1 .

1

).    ,   -

  56,7%, — 43,3%.   (-

22)      (95%),  (1,3%,

25,4. .),  (,5%, 1,6. .),  (,28%, 5,6. .), -

 (,27%, 5,2. .),  (,26%, 5,1. .)  (,18%, 3,6.

.).   ,   -

, ,    ,  ,

     189 . (,5%). -

     

   .  -

     ,    

   (, )    - .

      

,  ,  . -

      ,  

       

12–15%,      ,  -

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 19

,     ,   -

  .     -

- — ,    ,  

   (,  ),  -

   ,    

   ,   ,  

       -  

  (  , 221, 222).  -

,      ,

        —

, , , , , 

 ,   ,   ,

    .

       

 ,     , 

      ,

      -

 ,  - 

 ( ., 22).    -

    ,    -

   —  .    -

     (69%  

 222 .).   21,8. .  

( -22) 53,7%     (16,3. .),

    ,  - (37,1%,

73,2. .), —  (6,5%, 13,. .).   -

   —  (-, 1,7%, 3,4.

.),  (-, -, 1,3%, 2,6. .), 

(,6%, 1,2. .),  (,5%, 137 .).   -

   - - . -

    3–6    --

 - ,    . 

    ,   

   ,   -

       -

     .  

    . -

      . 

      -

,     (, 218).

 ,     -

,    , 

. ,      

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 20

 ( 22 . 12–2%, 221 .— 1–15%),    

 .     

( ,3–1,3℃ 221 .  ,6–2,2℃ 222 .).   ,

  . 22 .   35  -

  ( 219 .— 56, 221 .— 43).    

   (-, ,  -

).   -  -

   ,     -

    ,  

    (  ,

221, 222).      -

 ,      —

-   ,  

 .

       

,    .  

 337 271 . (223).   ,   -

  ,    ,

(222.— 313 ., 221 .— 361 .),    -

 54,7%.      

(88,7%, 279,8 . .) - (2,3%, 7,2. .),  

   1% (31,9. .).  

   (556 .),  (378 .),  (289 .), 

(223 .).      -

   ,   

- .   ,

      

    - 

   (, -, , -

, 221).  8%    ,  -

     ,  -

      3   

.   — - (3976 ).   

   .   -

—  ,    , -

,  ,      (,

214; , 219).

   ,    -

      

     ,  -

     ,  

  ,     

 ,       -

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 21

,     ,  

, ,   ,    

 .    ,  

 (  I .)    

, , ,    

,    ,  

,  ,  .  -

       

     , 

   ,  ,    

  (, , , 221).   -

        -

 ,    (   22 . -

      159%).  

 ,  22 .    15 -

   2,4–6,7 ( 219 .— 16, 218 .— 6), 

     . 

, ,  ,  -

   - -

,   -   -

,       -

  (  , 221).

       -

  ,  ,  -

     , 

   « ».  

    -  ,

     - .  ,

-, -, -, -, -,

, , -, -, , -,

-, -, -, , - -

  (   )  ,

     (   

 , 221)

.  ,     -

      , 

 , ,  , -

  ,     -

.   , -

Об утверждении перечня районов Крайнего Севера иместностей, приравненных крайонам

Крайнего Севера, вцелях предоставления государственных гарантий икомпенсаций для лиц,

работающих ипроживающих вэтих районах иместностях, признании утратившими силу неко-

торых актов Правительства Российской Федерации ипризнании недействующими натерри-

тории Российской Федерации некоторых актов Совета Министров СССР: Постановление Пра-

вительства Российской Федерации № 1946 от16.11.2021. URL: http://static.government.ru/media/

files/iZ4S29b1c3HF8pPlvF1A5DEti3IiCSay.pdf

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 22

     ,  

 ,     -

       ,

     .

    222 223 .  -

 ,   2    -

 (  :   n = 347, 

 n = 359,   n = 637,   n = 1345). --

     1.

 1

Table 1

-  

Socio-demographic characteristics ofrespondents

















 30,7 35,6 28,0

 69,3 64,4 72,0



 30  15,8 19,1 33,5

31-49  44,6 45,9 43,1

50   39,6 35,0 23,3

 .±. . () 45,6±14,8 43,4±13,8 38,4±+14,1



 ()   



21,9 26,3 26,3

   



30,9 33,9 25,8

  ( ,

  )   

 

46,9 39,7 47,9



 85,6 7,8 2,5

 – 38,2 –

 – 40,7 –

 – – 89,8

 – 9,7 –

 14,4 3,6 7,7



   (-

, , ,  -

)

35,9 34,1 44,7

   -

 (  )

10,9 12,5 11,2

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 23

















,  8,8 7,7 5,4

,   

,  -

, 

8,2 5,6 10,3

,  8,2 4,6 2,9

 ,  -



15,5 18,7 8,0

   1,5 5,4 1,7

  10,9 11,3 15,7

       -

       

 ,   (69,3%  , 64,4%  

72,%  ),      (

 3     15,8%,   —

19,1%,  — 33,5%),     

  43 ,    38,4 . -

       , -

     .   -

    :  

     (85,6%,  —

7,8%,  — 2,5%).    -

   ,    (38,2%), 

(4,7%),  — ,    -

,   (89,8%) (. 1).

 ,    ,  

       -

    ,  -

 - .

     , 

    

        -

  ,     -

,     , , .

         -

  .     ,  

 ,      (39,5%),   

 —      

       (39,1%   -

 ).    15%   

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 24

 ,   ,  ,  

    6%    , -

 ,      ,   

     (  -

   — 9,5%,     -

      -

   ).

      «-

»         442

   « » « »,  

       , -

        

,     336 ,    -

     , , -

       ,

        -

    .    

 139 ,     

         -

, —   «  »  

-  « -»,  

   «   

      »

     

   .     

,      (53,1%,  

— 34–36%),       -

       (42,5%,  -

— 34–38%).      

    , , 

       -

,       (16,6%  17,8%,  

— 9,8%).  ,       

       -

 -    ,

        ,

    ,  , -

      (. 2).

      , 

    ,   -

       -

    .

Документация о публичном поиске «Крибрум». URL: https://kribrum.ru/upload/pubsearch.pdf

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 25

 2

Table 2

    , %

Estimates ofimportance ofclimate change problem, %

 

 -



 -

 ,  

 



 -

  

,  

  -

  -

 

 15,5 39,5 39,1

  9,8 53,1 34,4

  17,8 33,9 42,5

  16,6 36,4 37,6

       -

    (31,3%).   -

 ,      

  ,  22,7%—    

,     .   -

,       -

 ,  11,1% .  

 8,1% , ,     -

    .

        -

   (12,7%)    (13,7%),   

     5,3% .    ,

,     (26,6%),   -

 (23,4%),     ,  , 

  (17,1%).      

      (36,8%)   -

—    (32,9%).   

       (28,2%),  

   .    

      

    (11,9%).  ,    -

        -

    .

     ,   

  ,    -

.         

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    . ,  

    ,  ,   

    «У нас тут прекрасная экология, унас тут за-

мечательная природа», , , ,  «у нас тут есть серьезные

экологические проблемы»,     , -

       -.

        , 

  ( ,   -

),       

,     , -

    ,  -

   (, , , 216).  

   ,    ,   -

     (, , ,

217), ,    ,   -

     --

 .       

(-  -),     

 (, , 21).

       

 ,     2%   .

 ,   ,   -

      -

  .     ,  -

 ,    ,   ,

,  («сильно дуют ветры», «трава нерастет»,

«стало холоднее», «затапливает через дамбу», «соль выступает», «температура

снизилась, плохо все растет, что-то приходится выращивать в теплицах, но

нет воды централизованной»)     

(«все земли взаповеднике», «расширение территории заповедника», «все озера арен-

дованные», «стало меньше озер», «земли скупают москвичи», «некому продавать

скот», «сократили скот», «раскупают земли», «много туристов»).  ,

  ,    «много волков», «появились

браконьеры», «нашествие клещей», «падают ступени, рядом Байконур», «радиация

из-за ступеней».       ,

  ,    ,  -

  ,   ,    

   ,   .

    ,   -

  .   ,  -

  ,  , ,   :

   1991–222 .      

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 27

 1961–199 .

   

  ,     , , -

        

.     ,   -

,     .

 3

Table 3

   , %

Estimates ofenvironmental situation inthe region, %















,

 -







 -

,



-





 -

 -





-

 -

 -





 11,1 22,7 31,3 24,9 8,1

  5,3 26,9 36,8 22,9 8,0

  12,7 23,4 27,5 28,2 6,2

  13,7 17,1 32,9 20,7 11,9

    (28,1%) ,    -

 ,  1  ,      

   ,      5 1

  (33,9%),   5   (35,9%).   

  ,    ,  ,   -

   1  ,   .

,        

— 5–1  (4,9%),     , , -

   ,   -

  (48,6%).      -

  (. 1).   (2,3%)  ,

       ,  

,    , ,    ,

,         

  (   ,   -

    ,   , -

     ).

Всемирная метеорологическая организация. ВАзии усиливается воздействие изменения

климата. URL: https://public.wmo.int/ru/пресс-релизы/в-азии-усиливается-воздействие-измене-

ния-климата

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 28

 1—   : «  

 , , -    

    ?»

Figure 1— Distribution ofanswers to thequestion: «How long ago were there changes

inclimate, nature that made you have to give up your usual ways ofhousekeeping?»

       ,   

      , 

   :    - 

 ,   (38,4% ,  

),      ,  (36,1%),

  ,     

-   (3,6%).  ,   

,         ,

  —     , -

     ,  , 

13%—    ,   .

    ,    -

     ,  

   ,    -

 «»    «» . -

 17%  ,    «» 

 ,    -

,   .   ,

 15,% ,     

   , 8,8%— ,    -

  ,  1%—   -

  ,   ,   . -

,    ,   

     -

:  5,7%   ,    -

 ,      ,  

,  .  7%     .

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 29

 3—  , 

,     , %.

Figure 3— Changes inenvironmental management caused by climate, combined data andby region, %.

        -

   .    -

,       

   (43–46% ),    

  (39,6%,  — 23,6%).  

         -

  (32–33%).  « »   -

  ,       

(25,4%),        (13–15%). 

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 30

      « -

»,  1,5–2     . -

        -

     — 

,    , , 

(1,7%,  3,% 5,8% ; . 2).

       -

        

      

        

:    , -

      ,  -

    ,  -

,   .   

     -

.        (< ,2), ,  ,

 . ,     

     -

     (ρ=,181 ρ=,155),  -

  ,   . -

       

  (ρ=,156)   (ρ=,127),   -

      (ρ=–,22).  

      

     (ρ=,113),    -

        (ρ=,163).

 4

Table 4

     , 

 ,   , 

,   

Correlation coecients between assessments oftheimportance ofclimate change issues

andassessments ofenvironmental situation, security, adaptability andlife satisfaction*

 -







 -



-

 -



-

 

  0,059 0,156 –0,015 –0,010

  0,181 –0,022 0,113 0,049

  0,155 0,127 0,077 0,163

* Коэффициент Спирмена, полужирным шрифтом выделены коэффициенты сp < 0,05.

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 31

 

     ,  -

  ,      -

 ,          

  4%    .   

     -

  ,      

      

   -  -

  .

      

  ,     -

  .   (  1% )

        -

 (  ),    ,

       (  

    ).   -

 —     , -

 «»   (  ),

     -.

        -

,     (   )  

  :   -  

,  ,     ,

,    ,  

  ,     -

  ,  —   

   (     45,8% -

, — 41,9%).     

,  ,   -

       -

  ,   ,

        

. ,     

  ,  

 .     -

         ,

    « »,   

     .   -

   ,      . -

     «»

   :  7%  -

      

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 32

,  36%—    5  .   -

      ,   -

       .

 ,  ,    -

    ,  ,

       -

,       -

 ,    .  

  ,  , 

   , ,   -

     ,   -

    ,  -

   ,   

  ,     

,     ,   -

    .

 

 . .,  . . (21).    -

    //    .

21. 5. . 22–25.

 . .      -

    //   -

    . 218. . 8–12.

 . .      -

  //   : ,  / 

. . . . : , 22. . 273–277.

 . .     -

  // , -  . 214.

 12-1. . 61–63.

 . .,  . .,  . . .  

  //  :    -

. .:  . 221.  2. . 6–11.

 . .   :  -

 //    . : , 24.

.11–115.

 . .,  . . ESG-    

      //  -

 . 222.  12(1). . 51–518.

      ,   

  - :   /  .

. .. ., 211. 168 .

Интеграция ибезопасность встранах Азиатского региона 33

 . .     

     ESG- // -

  .  . 223.  1. . 83–88.

 . .       -

. .: , 217. 7 .

 . .,  . .,  . .    -

  ,     

 - //   . 216.  21.

. 86–95.

 . .,  . .,  . .    -

,   -  (-

 ) //  . 217.  96(5). . 432–437.

 . .,  . . -  

        // III

    : 

 (, 3–4  221 .) / . . . . . .:  ,

221. . 251–255.

 . .,  . .,  . .,  . .,  . .,

 . ., , . .   -

    : - -

  // Society andSecurity Insights. 223. . 6,  3. . 3–62.

 . .       -

  //    ,  -

 - . 219.  5. . 166–168.

 . .        -

 //   . 219.  3. . 161–184.

 . .,  . .,  . .   -

   :  -

 . Society andSecurity Insights. 221. . 4,  3. . 13–37.

 . .,  .,  . ., , . .  

   (  ) //  -

. 219.  1. . 26–33.

   ()   

 22 .:  . . 17. , 221. 194 .

   ()   

 221 .  ,  18,  « -

  . , 222. 24 .

 . ., - . .,  . .,  . .  -

    « ». 221. URL: https://vital.lib.

tsu.ru/vital/access/services/Download/koha:896394/SOURCE1 ( :

1.5.224).

Society andSecurity Insights № 2 2024 34

Adger W. N., Brown I., Surminski S. Advances inrisk assessment forclimate change

adaptation policy // Philosophical Transactions oftheRoyal Society A: Mathematical,

Physical andEngineering Sciences. 218. Vol. 376, no. 2121. P. 21816.

Masson-Delmotte V., Zhai P., Pirani A., Connors S. L., Péan C., Berger S., … Zhou B.

Climate change 221: thephysical science basis. Contribution ofworking group I to

thesixth assessment report oftheintergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge

University Press, Cambridge, UK, 221. 2391 pp. DOI 1.117/97819157896.

Morris B. S., Chrysochou P., Christensen J. D., Orquin J. L., Barraza J., Zak P. J., Mitkidis

P. Stories vs. facts: triggering emotion andaction-taking on climate change // Climatic

change. 219. No. 154. P. 19–36.

Schneiderbauer S., Pisa P. F., Delves J. L., Pedoth L., Rufat S., Erschbamer M., ... Granados-

Chahin S. Risk perception ofclimate change andnatural hazards inglobal mountain

regions: A critical review // Science ofthetotal environment. 221. Vol. 784. P. 146957.

Van Valkengoed A. M., Steg L., Perlaviciute G. Development andvalidation ofaclimate

change perceptions scale // Journal ofEnvironmental Psychology. 221. Vol. 76. P. 11652.

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   / INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

  — - . , , 

      

, . , .

Svetlana G. Maximova— Professor, theHead oftheDepartment ofSocial andYouth

Policy, Institute ofHumanities, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.

  — . . ,   

    , . ,

.

Daria A. Omelchenko— Cand. Sci. (Sociology), Associated Professor at theDepartment

ofSocial andYouth Policy, Institute ofHumanities, Altai State University, Barnaul, Rus-

sia.

   —  ,   -

     ,

., .

Daria K. Shcheglova— educational specialist, PhD student at theDepartment ofSocial

andYouth Policy, Institute ofHumanities, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.

Статья поступила вредакцию 12.05.2024;

одобрена после рецензирования 03.06.2024;

принята кпубликации 03.06.2024.

The article was submitted 12.05.2024;

approved after reviewing 03.06.2024;

accepted forpublication 03.06.2024.