SOCIETY AND SECURITY INSIGHTS
158 ʋ
ɍȾɄ
ɊȿȽɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɕȿɉɊȺɄɌɂɄɂ
ɉɊɂɆȿɇȿɇɂəɉɊɈɐȿȾɍɊɂɁȻɊȺɇɂəȽɅȺȼ
ɆɍɇɂɐɂɉȺɅɖɇɕɏɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂɃ
ȼɉȿɊɂɈȾ±ȽȽ
ɇȺɉɊɂɆȿɊȿɋɂȻɂɊɋɄɂɏ
ɂȾȺɅɖɇȿȼɈɋɌɈɑɇɕɏɊȿȽɂɈɇɈȼ
Ⱥȼɒɚɪɚɩɨɜ
ȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɊɨɫɫɢɹ
(PDLOPDULQVKDUDSRY#\DQGH[UX
ɋɝɜɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɫɬɚɥɚɜɧɟɞɪɹɬɶɫɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹ
ɝɥɚɜ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɋ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ
ɧɚɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɟɩɪɹɦɵɟɜɵɛɨɪɵɢɥɢɧɚɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɟɪɟɝɢɨɧɵ
ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚ-
ɥɢɬɟɬɚ Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ʋ ɎɁ
©Ɉɛ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɊɎª ɉɪɢ
ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɧɨɜɨɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɜɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɯɋɢɛɢɪɢɢȾɚɥɶɧɟɝɨȼɨɫɬɨɤɚɜɵ-
ɹɫɧɢɥɨɫɶɱɬɨɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɟɣɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɨɣɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɜɦɭɧɢ-
ɰɢɩɚɥɢɬɟɬɚɯɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɹɫɬɚɥɚɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɚɹɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚɚɧɟɩɪɹɦɵɟɜɵɛɨ-
ɪɵȼɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɜɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɩɪɹɦɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɨɜɞɥɹɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜ
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɢɦɟɟɬɪɚɡɧɵɣɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɜɵɛɨɪɵ ɝɥɚɜɚ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɚɹɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɹɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɟɪɟɝɢɨɧɵ
REGIONAL PRACTICES
IN THE APPLICATION OF PROCEDURES
FOR THE ELECTION OF MUNICIPALITIES HEADS
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ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ȼɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯɬɪɟɯɥɟɬɜɧɟɞɪɹɟɬɫɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɝɥɚɜ
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɜɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɭɤɨɪɟɧɟɧɢɹɜɩɨ
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ɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɜɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯɫɬɪɚɧɵɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɌɚɤɜɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɟɝɩɪɨɲɥɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɟɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶ
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ɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɜȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟȼɲɟɫɬɢɝɨɪɨɞɚɯɢɪɚɣɨɧɚɯɤɪɚɹɛɵɥɢɢɡɛɪɚ-
ɧɵɝɥɚɜɵɎɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥɨɩɨɧɨɜɨɣ
ɫɯɟɦɟɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɟɣɫɹɨɬɪɚɧɟɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣɌɟɩɟɪɶɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɁɚɤɨɧɨɦȺɥ
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ɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹ©ɈɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ
ɤɪɚɹªɝɥɚɜɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶ
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ɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɱɢɫɥɚɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨɜɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢ
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ɜɚɟɦɨɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɉɨɞɪɭɝɨɦɭɩɭɬɢ
ɩɨɲɥɢɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟɜɥɚɫɬɢɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɯɢɞɚɥɶɧɟɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɯɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣɜɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ
ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɚɧɚɥɢɡɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɜɵɹɜɢɬɶɦɚɫ
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ɲɬɚɛɵɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɧɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜ
ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɐɟɥɶɸɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɚɧɚɥɢɡɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɝɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɡɚɤɨ
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ɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɚɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɚɯɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨ-
ɧɚɯȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɜɝɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚ²ɝɨɪɨɞȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚɬɚɤ-
ɠɟɞɪɭɝɢɯɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜɋɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɝɨɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚ
Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɧɚɭɱɧɚɹɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɢɦɟɟɬɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɭɸɢɫɬɨɪɢɸɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ
Ɍɨɥɶɤɨɫɝɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɫɬɚɥɚɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɧɚɭɱɧɵɦɫɨ
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ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦȽɥɚɜɧɭɸɪɨɥɶɜɷɬɨɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɢɝɪɚɸɬɩɨɥɢɬɨɥɨɝɢɢɸɪɢɫɬɵɉɟɪɜɵɟ
ɢɡɭɱɚɸɬɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɵɯɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɧɚɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢɩɪɢɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɜɚ
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ɤɚɧɬɧɨɝɨɦɟɫɬɚɝɥɚɜɵɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹȼɬɨɪɵɟɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜ-
ɧɨɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹɧɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ
ɌɚɤȺȺɆɚɤɚɪɰɟɜɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɱɬɨɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɞɨɥɠ
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ɧɨɫɬɢɝɥɚɜɵɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɭɬɟɦɟɝɨɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪ-
ɫɚɫɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɬɨɱɤɢɡɪɟɧɢɹɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɈɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨ
ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɉɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ
SOCIETY AND SECURITY INSIGHTS
160 ʋ
ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜɊɎɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɚɩɨɞɯɨɞɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣɧɚɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ
ɜɵɛɨɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɥɚɜɵ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɨɱɬɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɚɜɚ
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ɥɨɫɶɢɧɵɦɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɱɬɨɩɨɜɵɫɢɥɨ
ɪɨɥɶɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɪɝɚɧɚɟɝɨɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɆɚɤɚɪɰɟɜ
ȻɨɥɟɟɫɞɟɪɠɚɧɧɭɸɩɨɡɢɰɢɸɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬȼɋɄɨɜɢɧɊɂɉɟɬɪɨɜɈɧɢɫɱɢɬɚ
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ɸɬɱɬɨɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɚɨɬɦɟɧɚɩɪɹɦɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɨɜɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚ-
ɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɌɟɩɟɪɶɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ
ɧɚɦɟɫɬɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɫɬɚɥɢɜɵɛɨɪɵɝɥɚɜɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɭɧɢ
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ɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣȾɥɹɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɭɪɨɜɧɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɦɟɫɬɧɵɯɜɵɛɨ-
ɪɚɯɚɜɬɨɪɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɭɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜ
Ɉɧɢɢɡɭɱɢɥɢɢɩɪɨɪɚɧɠɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɢɢɩɨɜɵɛɨɪɚɦɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ
ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹ±ɝɝɄɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɢɯɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɥɢɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɢɯ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɨɜɩɨɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɸɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɫɬɨɱɤɢɡɪɟɧɢɹɢɯɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬ
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ɧɨɫɬɢɢɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɫɬɢɈɧɢɜɵɞɟɥɢɥɢɱɟɬɵɪɟɬɢɩɚɧɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɟɢɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬ-
ɧɨɟɧɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɟɢɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɟɢɧɟɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɟ
ɢɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɟɋɨɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɪɟɣɬɢɧɝɚ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɜɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶ
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ɧɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɵɜɥɚɫɬɢɫɬɢɩɚɦɢɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɨɜɩɨɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɸɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ
ɢɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɨɜɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɨɨɰɟɧɢɬɶɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɭɸɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶɢɯɩɨɥɢɬɢ
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ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚɄɨɜɢɧɉɟɬɪɨɜ
ȼȼ ȼɢɫɤɭɥɨɜɚ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹ
ɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣȼɵɹɫɧɢɥɨɫɶɱɬɨɡɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɞɜɚɝɨɞɚɨɧɩɪɟ
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ɬɟɪɩɟɥ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɚɤɬɨɜɤɚɡɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɋɭɞɟɛɧɚɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɚɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɜɵɛɨɪɧɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɹɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɤ ©ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɵɦª ɜɵɛɨɪɚɦ
ɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ©ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚªɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɵɯɜɵɛɨ
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ɪɨɜɧɟɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɦɚɧɞɚɬɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɨɬɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɟɣɇɚɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲ-
ɧɢɣɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɚɤɢɦɝɥɚɜɚɦɩɨɫɟɥɟɧɢɣɧɟɥɶɡɹɜɯɨɞɢɬɶɜɫɨɫɬɚɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪ-
ɝɚɧɨɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɵɯɩɭɬɟɦɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɬɶ
ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɩɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɪɝɚɧɚɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɹɦɟɫɬɧɭɸɚɞɦɢɧɢ
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ɫɬɪɚɰɢɸȼɢɫɤɭɥɨɜɚ
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵɢɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ɋɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢɬɟɫɧɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨɫ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟ
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ɫɤɨɣɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɢɜɰɟɥɨɦɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶ-
ɧɨɣɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɢɧɚɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɜɡɹɬɨɣɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɀɟɥɚɧɢɟɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɹɧɚɣɬɢɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸɦɨɞɟɥɶɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɦɟɫɬ
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ɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɜɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɯɢɡɦɟɧɟ-
ɧɢɹɯɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ
ɢɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɋɈɐɂɈɅɈȽɂəȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
161ʋ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣɡɚɤɨɧ©Ɉɛɨɛɳɢɯɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜ-
ɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɊɎª ɨɬ  ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ  ɝ ʋ ɎɁ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ
ɜɵɛɨɪɚɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹ ɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɣɨɧɚɧɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɚɯɢɡɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɥɢɛɨɧɚɫɯɨɞɟɚɬɚɤɠɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɟɝɨɦɟɫɬɨɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɨɪ
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ɝɚɧɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɟ
ɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸɢɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɨɛɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ
Ɉɛɨɛɳɢɯɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ«
ɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶɱɬɨɜȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɢɡ
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ɛɪɚɧɢɟɝɥɚɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɨɜɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɡɚɜɢ-
ɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɯɜɁɚɤɨɧɟȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝ
ʋɁɋ©ɈɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹª
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɤɚɫɚɸɬɫɹɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣɈɩɨɪɹɞ
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ɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜ«
Ɍɚɤɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɚɝɥɚɜɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨ
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ɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɵɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɵɩɹɬɶɸɢɛɨɥɟɟɝɨɫɭ-
ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɭɫɬɚɜɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɹɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɱɢɫɥɚ
ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɩɪɨ
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ɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨɜɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɟɫɬɧɭɸɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸ
ɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɝɥɚɜɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɵɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ
ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɵɦɟɧɟɟɱɟɦɩɹɬɶɸɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɨ
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ɱɢɹɦɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ ɭɫɬɚɜɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɨɞɧɢɦ
ɢɡɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɫɜɨɟɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɧɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɚɯɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟ
ɜɫɟɨɛɳɟɝɨɪɚɜɧɨɝɨɢɩɪɹɦɨɝɨɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚɩɪɢɬɚɣɧɨɦɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɢɢɡɛɢ
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ɪɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɱɢɫɥɚɤɚɧɞɢɞɚ-
ɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ
ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨ
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ɜɚɧɢɹɢɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɟɫɬɧɭɸɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸȾɚɧɧɵɣɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɥɢɲɶ
ɧɚɭɪɨɜɧɟɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɢɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɩɨɫɟɥɟɧɢɣɄɚɠɞɵɣɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɢɬɟɬɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɜɚɪɢ
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ɚɧɬɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɏɨɬɹȽɥɚɜɚɁȺɌɈɋɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɣɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɭɫɬɚɜɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛ
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ɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɢɡɱɢɫɥɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ-
ɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɜɨɡ
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ɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɟɫɬɧɭɸɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸ
ȼȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟɨɪɝɚɧɵɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜɫɟɯɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɵɩɹɬɶɸɢɛɨɥɟɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ
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ɦɢɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɥɚɜɵɞɚɧɧɵɯɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɢɡɛɢɪɚɸɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚ-
ɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨ
ɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ-
SOCIETY AND SECURITY INSIGHTS
162 ʋ
ɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ ɢ ɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɭɸ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸ
Ɍɚɤɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɍɫɬɚɜɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭɝɚ²ɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ
ɤɪɚɹɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹȾɭɦɚɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɝɥɚɜɭɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚɧɚɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɢɢɡɱɢɫ
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ɥɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨɜɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɨɣɍɫɬɚɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨɨɤɪɭ
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ɝɚ«
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɊɟɲɟɧɢɸȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɶɫɤɨɣɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɵɨɬɢɸɧɹɝʋ
©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɉɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɛɨɪɭ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɭɪ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɠ
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ɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚªɞɚɥɟɟ²ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɦ
ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɵɈɛɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢɉɨɪɹɞɤɚ«Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɪɚɡɦɟ
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ɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɤɤɚɧɞɢɞɚ-
ɬɚɦɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɢɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ
Ɉɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɱɥɟɧɨɜɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɉɨɥɨɜɢɧɚ
ɟɟɱɥɟɧɨɜɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɫɹɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɨɣɚɞɪɭɝɚɹɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚ²ȽɭɛɟɪɧɚɬɨɪɨɦȺɥ
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ɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹ
Ʉɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɚɹ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ
ɜɤɨɥɥɟɝɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɈɫɧɨɜɧɨɣɮɨɪɦɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɟɟɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɟ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨ
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ɫɬɵɦɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨɦɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɨɬɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ
Ʉɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɦɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɝɪɚɠɞɚ
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ɧɢɧɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɧɚɞɟɧɶɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɧɟɢɦɟɟɬɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚɞɥɹɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɜɵ
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ɛɨɪɧɵɦɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɥɢɰɨɦɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɉɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɬɪɟɛɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹɤɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɡɧɚɧɢɹɦɢɧɚɜɵɤɚɦ
ɞɥɹɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɨɣɝɨɪɨɞɚɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣɩɨɪɟɲɟɧɢɸɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɡɧɚ
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ɱɟɧɢɹɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵɉɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ
Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɢɡɴɹɜɢɜɲɢɣɠɟɥɚɧɢɟɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɜɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɜɤɨɧ
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ɤɭɪɫɧɭɸɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɸɥɢɱɧɨɟɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɢɢɧɵɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ
Ʉɨɧɤɭɪɫɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɪɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɧɟɦɟɧɟɟɱɟɦɞɜɭɯɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜ
ɋɤɚɠɞɵɦɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɦɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɢɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ
ɢɦɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɄɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɭɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɪɟɦɹɞɥɹɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɤɪɚɬɤɨɝɨɢɡɥɨ
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ɠɟɧɢɹɟɝɨɜɢɞɟɧɢɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚɡɚɞɚɱɰɟɥɟɣɢɢɧɵɯɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɝɨ-
ɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚɢɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚ
Ɉɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɤɚɡɟ ɜ ɪɟ
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ɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɟɞɥɹɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɫɥɟɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɨɜɫɟɦɢɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚɦɢɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɩɪɢ
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ɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɢ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɤɚɠɞɨɦɭɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɭɜɟɝɨɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɩɭɬɟɦɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ȽɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹȾɭɦɚɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɛɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɢɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚɜɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦɊɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɦɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɵ
ɉɨɪɹɞɤɨɦɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵɫɥɭɱɚɢɨɬɤɚɡɚɜɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ
Ⱦɭɦɟɞɥɹɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚ
ɋɈɐɂɈɅɈȽɂəȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
163ʋ
ɍɫɬɚɜɚɦ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɭ Ȼɚɪɧɚɭɥɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹ ɝɥɚɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚ
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ɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɧɚɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɢɢɡɱɢɫɥɚɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚȼɨɜɫɟɯɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɚɯɢɦɭ
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ɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɚɯɤɪɚɹɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟɩɨɪɹɞɤɢɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɩɨɨɬɛɨɪɭɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɭɪɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶɝɥɚɜ
ɂɡɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɚɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ
ɩɨɧɨɜɨɣɫɯɟɦɟɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɟɣɫɹɨɬɪɚɧɟɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣɝɥɚɜɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛ
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ɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɛɢɪɚɥɫɹɧɚɜɫɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɚɯɨɧɦɨɝɛɵɬɶɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɥɚɜɨɣ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɝɥɚɜɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɛɢɪɚɥɫɹɢɡɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɞɟɩɭ
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ɬɚɬɨɜɝɥɚɜɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɢɬɟɬɚɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɣɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɢɡɛɢɪɚɥɫɹɩɨɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɭ
ɌɚɤɞɨɝɝɥɚɜɚɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚɢɡɛɢɪɚɥɫɹɢɡɱɢɫɥɚɦɟɫɬɧɵɯɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜɚɝɥɚɜɚ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɝɨɪɨɞɚɫɢɬɢɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɫɹɩɨɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɭɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ
ɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜ
ȼɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɜɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɚɯɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɚɯȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨ
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ɝɨɤɪɚɹɝɥɚɜɚɢɡɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɧɚɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɢɢɡɱɢɫ-
ɥɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ
ɢɜɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɟɫɬɧɭɸɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸ
ɌɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɩɪɹɦɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɨɜɝɥɚɜɝɨɪɨɞɨɜɢɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɜȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟ
ɧɟɬȽɥɚɜɚɪɚɣɨɧɚɢɥɢɝɨɪɨɞɚɨɪɝɚɧɵɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɵ
ɦɟɧɟɟɱɟɦ ɩɹɬɶɸɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ
ɜɫɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɚɯɥɢɛɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɭɥɢɛɨɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɶɫɹɢɡɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜ
ɈɞɧɚɤɨɜȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟɬɚɤɢɯɝɨɪɨɞɨɜɢɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɧɟɬȿɫɥɢɨɪɝɚɧɵɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨ
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ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɪɚɣɨɧɚɢɥɢɝɨɪɨɞɚɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɵɩɹɬɶɸɢɛɨɥɟɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɨ-
ɱɢɹɦɢɬɨɝɥɚɜɚɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɹɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɚɦɢɩɨɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɭ
ɉɪɢɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢɜɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɯɋɢɛɢɪɢɢȾɚɥɶɧɟɝɨȼɨɫɬɨɤɚ
ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɚɫɶɜɚɠɧɚɹɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶɆɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹɪɨɥɢɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɜ
ɜɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɪɚɡɥɢɱɟɧɈɬɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɜ Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɂɪɤɭɬɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶɏɚɛɚɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ
ɤɪɚɣ²ɞɨɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹɜɵɛɨɪɧɨɫɬɢɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɢɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭ
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ɝɨɜȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɢɣɤɪɚɣɉɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɢɣɤɪɚɣɬɚɛɥ
ȼɵɜɨɞɵ
ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɵɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɜɥɚɫɬɶɸɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɍɫɬɚɜɵɦɭɧɢɰɢ
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ɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬ ɨɞɢɧ
ɢɡɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɦɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
Ɉɞɧɨɣɢɡɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɧɨɜɟɥɥɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯɥɟɬɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɮɨɪ
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ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɟɝɥɚɜɵɦɭɧɢɰɢ-
ɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɍɚɤɚɹɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɫɨɞɧɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɭɸɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɢɧɫɬɢ
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ɬɭɬɚɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɜɵɛɨɪɨɜɤɚɤɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɮɨɪ-
SOCIETY AND SECURITY INSIGHTS
164 ʋ
ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɥɟɝɢɬɢɦɚɰɢɢɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣɜɥɚɫɬɢɧɚɦɟɫɬɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɋɞɪɭɝɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɢɫɱɟɡɚɟɬɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹɫɜɹɡɶɦɟɠɞɭɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɦɢɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɣɜɥɚ
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ɫɬɶɸɞɟɥɚɹɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɯɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɯɪɭɩɤɢɦɢɨɬɱɭɠɞɟɧɧɵɦɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ
ɜɪɚɦɤɚɯɤɪɭɩɧɵɯɢɝɭɫɬɨɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɩɪɚɜɨɜɭɸɜɨɡɦɨɠ
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ɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɹɬɟɦɫɚɦɵɦɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟɢɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɟɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɩɪɚɜɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɉɪɢ
ɷɬɨɦɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɨɫɬɶɬɚɤɨɣɮɨɪɦɵɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɢɤɚɤɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶ
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ɧɵɟɜɵɛɨɪɵɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɋɥɨɠɢɥɚɫɶɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹɩɪɢɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɜɵɛɨɪɵɤɚɤɫɩɨɫɨɛɩɪɹɦɨɝɨɜɨɥɟɢɡɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ
ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɧɟɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɦɢ
ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɢɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ
ɋɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɣɢȾɚɥɶɧɟɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɣɪɟɝɢɨɧɵ
ɋɩɨɫɨɛɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɵ
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɢɣɤɪɚɣ
ɏɚɛɚɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ
ɤɪɚɣ
Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
ɂɪɤɭɬɫɤɚɹɨɛ-
ɥɚɫɬɶ
Ʉɟɦɟɪɨɜɫɤɚɹ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
ɉɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɢɣ
ɤɪɚɣ
ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɚɹ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
ȼɫɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟɜɵɛɨɪɵ +
*
+
*
++ +
*
Ⱦɟɩɭɬɚɬɚɦɢɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɪɝɚɧɚ
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɫɜɨɟɝɨ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ
+
*
ɂɡɱɢɫɥɚɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ
++ +++
*Томская область, ЗАТО Северск: глава муниципалитета избирается изчисла кандидатов, пред-
ставленных конкурсной комиссией порезультатам конкурса. Глава городского поселения Томской
области, натерритории которого расположен административный центр муниципального района,
вслучае избрания намуниципальных выборах наоснове всеобщего равного ипрямого избира-
тельного права при тайном голосовании либо представительным органом муниципального обра-
зования Томской области изчисла кандидатов, представленных конкурсной комиссией порезуль-
татам конкурса, возглавляет местную администрацию.
*В Хабаровском крае только главы городских округов выбираются путем прямых выборов.
*В Новосибирской области прямые выборы вгородских округах сохранились только для города Но-
восибирска ирабочего поселка Кольцово.
* Мэр города Иркутска избирается изчисла депутатского корпуса представительного органа данно-
го муниципального образования.
ɋɈɐɂɈɅɈȽɂəȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
165ʋ
ȻɂȻɅɂɈȽɊȺɎɂɑȿɋɄɂɃɋɉɂɋɈɄ
ɆɚɤɚɪɰɟɜȺȺɂɡɛɪɚɧɢɟɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɤɨɧɤɭɪ-
ɫɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɢɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹȺɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɸɪɢ-
ɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɠɭɪɧɚɥ1R±
ɄɨɜɢɧȼɋɉɟɬɪɨɜɚɊɂɄɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶɜɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɦɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧ-
ɫɬɜɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɵɩɨɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɸɝɥɚɜɆɋɍɢɜɵɛɨɪɵɞɟɩɭɬɚɬɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚ-
ɧɨɜɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɚɯɢɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯɨɤɪɭɝɚɯɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɜ±
ɝɝȼɟɫɬɧɢɤɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɚ1R±
ȼɢɫɤɭɥɨɜɚȼȼɈ©ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɨɦªɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɣɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɹɞɜɭɯɥɟɬɧɟɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɀɭɪɧɚɥɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚ
1R±
Ɉɛɨɛɳɢɯɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜ ɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟ
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ɪɚɰɢɢɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣɡɚɤɨɧɨɬɨɤɬɹɛɪɹɝʋɎɁ85/KWWSLYRJDUDQW
UXGRFXPHQWSDUDJUDSKɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɈɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣȺɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɁɚɤɨɧȺɥ
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ɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝʋɁɋɈɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɫɚɣɬɆɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚɸɫɬɢ-
ɰɢɢɊɎ85/ KWWSSUDYRVHDUFKPLQMXVWUXELJVVKRZ'RFXPHQWKWPO"LG $')
(%$()'%$ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɍɫɬɚɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɝɚ² ɝɨɪɨɞɚ Ȼɚɪɧɚɭɥɚ Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ  ɮɟɜɪɚɥɹ  ɝ
ɈɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɫɚɣɬɆɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚɸɫɬɢɰɢɢɊɎ85/KWWSEDUQDXORUJSUDYRSRUWDO
XVWDYSKSɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɊɟɲɟɧɢɟȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɶɫɤɨɣɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɞɭɦɵɨɬɚɜɝɭɫɬɚɝʋɈɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ
ɫɚɣɬ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɸɫɬɢɰɢɢ Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ 85/ KWWSEDUQDXORUJSUDYRSRUWDO
SRUWDOPSDGXPDUHVKHQLHRWRYQHVHQLLL]PHQHQL\YUHVKHQLH
JRURGVNR\GXP\RWREXWYHUɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɛɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɭɧɢɰɢ
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ɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɂɪɤɭɬɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɁɚɤɨɧɂɪɤɭɬɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɨɬɦɚɹɝ
ʋɈɁɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɄɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
Ɉɛ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜ ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɣ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɁɚɤɨɧɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝʋɈɁɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹ
ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɄɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
Ɉɫɪɨɤɟɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɢɝɥɚɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɩɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶ
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ɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɢɩɨɪɹɞɤɟɢɡɛɪɚɧɢɹɝɥɚɜ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɉɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ
ɤɪɚɹɁɚɤɨɧɉɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝʋɄɁɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɄɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
Ɉɛɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɭɧɢɰɢ
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ɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɁɚɤɨɧɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝ
ʋɈɁɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɄɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
Ɉɛɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜɏɚɛɚɪɨɜɫɤɨɦɤɪɚɟ
Ɂɚɤɨɧɏɚɛɚɪɨɜɫɤɨɝɨɤɪɚɹɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝʋɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ
Ʉɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
SOCIETY AND SECURITY INSIGHTS
166 ʋ
Ɉɛɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɢɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜ-
ɥɟɧɢɹɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɁɚɤɨɧɄɟɦɟɪɨɜɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɨɬɧɨɹɛɪɹɝ
ʋɈɁɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɄɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ
Ɉɛɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢɉɨɪɹɞɤɚɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɩɨɨɬɛɨɪɭɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɭɪɧɚɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɝɥɚɜɵɝɨɪɨɞɚȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɚɪɟɲɟɧɢɟȻɚɪɧɚɭɥɶɫɤɨɣɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣȾɭɦɵɨɬɢɸɧɹɝ
ʋɈɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɫɚɣɬɆɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚɸɫɬɢɰɢɢɊɎ85/KWWSPLQMXVWUX
REFERENCES
0DNDUFHY $$  ,]EUDQLH JODY PXQLFLSDO¶QRJR REUD]RYDQL\D SR UH]XO¶WDWDP
NRQNXUVDSUREOHP\UHDOL]DFLLLSROLWLNRSUDYRY\HSRVOHGVWYL\D>(OHFWLRQVRIKHDGVRIPX
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TXHQFLHV@$FDGHPLF/DZ-RXUQDO$NDGHPLFKHVN\<XULGLFKHVN\=KRXUQDOQR±
.RYLQ963HWURYD5,.RQNXUHQWQRVW¶YORNDO¶QRPSROLWLFKHVNRPSURVWUDQVWYH
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PXQLFLSDO¶Q\KUDMRQDKLJRURGVNLKRNUXJDK3HUPVNRJRNUD\DY±JJ>&RPSHW
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9LVNXORYD992©NRQNXUVQRPªSRU\DGNHL]EUDQL\DJODYPXQLFLSDO¶Q\KREUD
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]RYDQLMQHNRWRU\HREREVKFKHQL\DGYXKOHWQHMSUDNWLNL>$ERXWD³FRPSHWLWLYH´RUGHURI
PXQLFLSDOLW\KHDGVHOHFWLRQWZR\HDUV¶SUDFWLFHJHQHUDOL]DWLRQ@7KHMRXUQDORIWKH5XV
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JUDSK$FFHVVHG
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