ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТЬ И ДИНАМИКА РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ВЛИЯНИЯ ХУННУСКИХ ТРАДИЦИЙ С ВОСТОКА НА ЗАПАД (и с запада на восток?)

Д.Г. Савинов

doi:10.14258/tpai(2020)2(30).-03

Д.Г. Савинов Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет Email: lazarevskaya_n@mail.ru

https://doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2020)2(30).-03

Ключевые слова: хунну, культура, лук, котлы, украшения, ранжированный комплекс, традиция, Западная Сибирь, Алтай

Аннотация

Вопрос о связях между центральнозиатскими хунну (сюнну) и восточноевропейскими гуннами, несмотря на большое количество посвященных этому работ, остается дискуссионным. В статье на основании археологических источников, рассматриваемых в историческом контексте, он решается положительно; устанавливается следующая последовательность его рассмотрения. Обосновывается понятие «хуннской триады» (определенные виды вооружения, украшений, бронзовые котлы), характеризующей ранжированную воинскую субкультуру хунну. Рассматриваются культурные особенности ближайшего окружения этносоциального объединения Хунну – Тува, Минусинская котловина, Горный Алтай (условно – «Ближний круг»). Приводятся археологические данные о распространении носителей этого культурного комплекса на территорию Западной Сибири (по Л.Н. Гумилеву), а именно саргатской культурно-исторической общности (условно – «Дальний круг»), ставшей местом исхода потомков хунну/гуннов при движении на Запад. Прослеживается сохранение элементов воинской субкультуры хунну в материалах восточноевропейских кочевников (по И.П. Засецкой), с заменой знаковых видов украшений – бронзовых изделий на изделия полихромного стиля. Впервые ставится вопрос о возможности «обратного» движения гуннов в сторону Центральной Азии, прослеживаемого по проявлениям прежних традиций, в первую очередь, по находкам полихромных изделий в ряде памятников Восточного Приуралья и Казахстана, Западной Сибири и Алтая

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Биография автора

Д.Г. Савинов, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры археологии Института истории Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета

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