Comparative study of altitudinal and latitudinal ecotypes of Siberian dwarf pine (Pinus pumila) in common garden experiment outside the natural range
УДК 582.475.4:58.02+575.167(571.16)
Abstract
In boreal zone, many coniferous species have huge transcontinental ranges and are differentiated into climatic ecotypes, primarily altitudinal and latitudinal. This phenomenon has been well studied using the example of upright species. In this paper, for the first time, the ecological and geographical differentiation of a creeping species, Siberian stone pine (Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel), widespread in the Asian part of Russia, was studied. Two elevational ecotypes from the Northern Baikal region and two latitudinal ecotypes from the Sea of Okhotsk were studied at experimental plantation outside the natural range in the southern part of Western Siberia. The Far Eastern ecotypes were significantly less damaged by sucking phyllophagus, Pineus cembrae. Within both pairs, resistance to this pest and spring frosts as well as productivity significantly increased with an increase in heat supply in the places of ecotype origin. Possible reasons for the differences are discussed. For introduction in the south of Western Siberia, it is proposed to use, first of all, the southern Far Eastern ecotypes, second, the low-mountain Siberian ones, and to refrain from using Siberian subalpine ecotypes.
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