Certain trends in the evolution of morphological seed dormancy in angiosperms
UDC 58.01:58.02
Abstract
The question of which type of dormancy should be considered the initial form in the evolution of angiosperms remains unresolved. Different authors either emphasize morphological dormancy, characterized by the underdeveloped embryo in mature seeds, or morphophysiological dormancy, where embryo underdevelopment is accompanied by a physiological component. In many representatives of archaic taxa, seeds are released with underdeveloped embryos. However, the diversity of manifestation of post-development processes suggests a complex evolutionary history regarding the formation of this type of dormancy. An analysis of the embryo post-development features in angiosperms from the basal part of the phylogenetic tree reveals several general trends in the evolution of dormancy. It can be posited that physiological dormancy emerged alongside or shortly after morphological one, initially confined to the post-development phase, and then gradually shifting to the seed germination stage. In basal taxa, the processes of post-development and germination are interconnected, occurring sequentially and under similar conditions. It is likely that evolution favored a separation of these processes, along with a reduced dependence of the root on other embryonic organs, primarily the cotyledons.
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