Dynamics of community formation in the process of restorative successions
UDC 574.42
Abstract
The purpose of the work is to assess the successional dynamics of plant communities that form in a technogenically disturbed area after restoration work and beyond. The aim of the work is to form high-altitude ecosystems that best match the composition, structure and functions of the destroyed one and preserve the landscape–forming species, the golden rhododendron (Rhododendron aureum Georgi). This species plays a significant role in the formation of the biodiversity of the subgolic communities of the Stanovoi Highlands. In 2019 and 2020, an experiment was launched to restore mountain-tundra ecosystems in a disturbed area in the subgolic belt of the Udokan range. The site was disrupted as a result of construction work carried out by Udokan Copper LLC. The technological stage of reclamation with the application of a soil and vegetation layer was carried out on an experimental site with an area of 3 hectares, and then moss-lichen curtains were transferred with the participation of Rhododendron aureum. Four permanent sites were established to assess the succession dynamics and study the microgroups of plant communities. Species of vascular plants, mosses, and soil lichens were carefully identified in each fragment. The overall projective coverage and abundance of the species were noted, and the appearance and growth of the first tree species were recorded. The species biodiversity of the areas on the site after restoration work exceeds the initial areas by more than 6,8 times, and the projective coverage by 5,3 times. Based on the study of the characteristics of the species composition of the vegetation cover and the nature of its placement, the authors conclude that restoration technologies make it possible to restore the main components of the ecosystem – vegetation, soil – in a short time, eliminate the longest stage of restoration succession – the pioneer stage and accelerate the passage of the second – herbaceous and third - stages of small-leaved trees and shrubs and preserve the Rhododendron aureum. At the moment, the formation of a community in the study area has not been completed.
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References
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