Modern aspects of the study of beets (Beta L.) by molecular genetic methods for breeding for food and feed purposes

UDC 58.002+575.174.4

  • Panchenko K. S. Altai State University Email: kseniya.potapova.00@yandex.ru
  • Silantyeva M. M. Altai State University Email: msilan@mail.ru
  • Sokolova D. V. Federal Research Center the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources" Email: dianasokol@bk.ru
  • Zykov D. I. Altai State University Email: danilzykov1405@gmail.com
Keywords: Amaranthaceae, beetroot genome, phylogenetics, stress resistance, transcriptome

Abstract

Beet is a traditional agricultural crop that is used not only in the food industry, but also for feed and technical purposes. Since ancient times people have eaten wild beet, valued for its nutritious leaves and stalks, rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids, also for medicinal properties. Later, the root forms were cultivated, the youngest among which was sugar beet – a result of the hybridization of forage and leaf varieties. It is the main source of sugar in temperate countries, by-products are used to produce alcohol, feed and silage production, biofuels, etc. Despite the large area planted in the Russian Federation, yields are often lower than abroad. Beet yield depends on many factors, including weather conditions, pathogens, diseases and seed quality. Molecular genetics and breeding techniques play a key role in creating high-yielding and sustainable varieties, reducing the time and cost of the breeding process. The article gives current directions of research on sugar beet by various methods, including the use of polymorphic DNA markers of different types and marker-mediated selection (MAS), development of genome resources and further expansion of genomic selection, identification of resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stress factors.

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Published
2025-12-30
How to Cite
Panchenko K. S., Silantyeva M. M., Sokolova D. V., Zykov D. I. Modern aspects of the study of beets (Beta L.) by molecular genetic methods for breeding for food and feed purposes // Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии, 2025. Vol. 24, № 2. P. 131-135 DOI: 10.14258/pbssm.2025068. URL: https://journal.asu.ru/bpssm/article/view/pbssm.2025068.