Seasonal productivity of Pinus sibirica Du Tour ecotypes different-aged needles of different geographical origin
UDC 581.121+581.132:582.475.4
Abstract
Currently, there is no consensus on the expected changes in the activity of photosynthesis and respiration due to global temperature increase. The response of plants to climate warming can be simulated by removing them from their natural habitats and growing them ex situ in new, warmer conditions. During the growing season the activity of photosynthesis and respiration was determined in one-year-old and two-year-old needles of the vegetative progeny of the northern (Urengoy), high-altitude (Zapadno-Sayansky Pereval), and southern (Tomsk) ecotypes of Siberian cedar. The conducted studies showed that the intensity of CO2 gas exchange differed significantly between the ecotypes at the initial stages of one-year-old needles growth. The highest values of carbon dioxide emission were observed in the southern ecotype, and the lowest values were observed in the northern ecotype. The absorption of carbon dioxide in the northern ecotype begins eight days earlier than in the southern and high-altitude ecotypes. A significant decrease in photosynthesis was observed in northern-origin trees in August, and in southern-origin trees in September. The analysis of the results of dark respiration measurements showed that all ecotypes had high values at the beginning of needle growth, which gradually decreased by the end of June, remained stable until the beginning of August, then decreased significantly and had minimal values in October. At the beginning of the needles growth, the lowest values of respiration had the high-altitude ecotype, the highest the southern ecotype. The carbon dioxide release of two-year-old needles was minimal in May in all ecotypes, while its maximum values were characteristic of the northern ecotype, the minimum for the high-altitude and southern ecotypes. In general, the southern ecotype's respiration was lower than that of the northern and high-altitude ecotypes throughout the growing season. In October, the respiration of two-year-old needles of all ecotypes was higher than in May. From May to September, one-year-old needles had higher R/A values than two-year-old needles in all ecotypes. Thus, it was shown that each ecotype had its own characteristics of gas exchange processes throughout the growing season.
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