A study of the characteristics of restorative successions in the territories of man-made waste dumps of industrial cities in the Irkutsk region
UDC 581.52:581.192
Abstract
The study was conducted in the cities of Angarsk and Usolye-Sibirskoye in the Irkutsk Region. The specific features of technogenic soil formation and the condition of herbaceous, trees, and shrub communities under unfavorable environmental conditions were examined. Four types of embryozems were identified: initial, organo-accumulative, soddy, and humus-accumulative, reflecting the sequential stages of technogenic soil development. Each embryozem type corresponds to specific phases of vegetation restorative succession: from the simplest weed groups in the initial stages to complex phytocenoses on humus-accumulative soils. Under conditions of continuous technogenic transformation of the soil and vegetation cover, intensive changes in the migration flows of elements in the soil-plant system occur. Based on the total concentration of pollutants, initial embryozems are classified as extremely hazardously polluted, while organo-accumulative, soddy, and humus-accumulative soils are classified as hazardously polluted. The main heavy metal concentrators among herbaceous and trees have been identified. It is concluded that, to restore the soil and vegetation cover in areas with high anthropogenic loads, reclamation work aimed at improving soil formation conditions (for example, increasing the humus layer of soils) is a priority and advisable approach. This will subsequently ensure the long-term and sustainable functioning of phytocenoses. Increasing the efficiency of reclamation will help ensure the safety of life for the population.
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