KRAUDPLATFORMS AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF FINANCING INNOVATION PROJECTS
Abstract
This article describes crowdfunding as a modern method of financing projects. It allows attract money from people (individual founders) for commercial, cultural, social projects through the Internet. In return, the investors often receive future products or services. Crowdfunding is dynamically spreading in the USA as a new form of investment projects, and demonstrates its success. The experience and mechanism of financing business ideas and start-ups with crowdfunding are described on a case of the US social-innovative technical platform “Kickstarter”. We believe that for Kazakhstan and Russia, where the research projects financing is a weak point of innovation development, this experience can be successfully applied and can serve as an effective tool for attracting foreign investors to the R&D sector. In this regard, we focus on the essence of crowdfunding, its forms, advantages and disadvantages, and prospects.
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REFERENCES
Nazarbayev, N. A. (2017) The Message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the people of Kazakhstan on January 31, 2017 “The Third Modernization of Kazakhstan: Global Competitiveness”. URL: http://www.akorda.kz/.
Agarwal A., Catalini C., Goldfarb A. Some Simple Economics of Crowdfunding”. Innovation Policy and the Economy. 2013. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. URL: http://www.nber.org/papers/w19133.pdf/.
Belleflamme P., Lambert T. & Schwienbacher A. (2011) Crowdfunding: tapping the right crowd. URL: https://perso.uclouvain.be/ paul.belleflamme/papers/JBV2013.pdf/.
Davies R. (2015) Three provocations for civic crowdfunding. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269998241_Three_provocations_for_civic_crowdfunding/.
Harrison R. (2013) Crowdfunding and the revitalisation of the early stage risk capital market: catalyst or chimera? Taylor & Francis Group, 139.
Hollow M. (2013) Crowdfunding and civic society in Europe: A profitable partnership? Open Citizenship. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://www.academia.edu/3415172/Crowdfunding_and_Civic_Society_in_Europe_A_Profitable_Partnership/.
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The Crowdfunding industry report. Massolution 2013. URL: https://www.compromisoempresarial.com/wp-content/uploads/137356857‑Massolution-2013CF-Excerpt-Revised-04182.pdf /
Moss, A. (2015) What is crowdfunding? — Crowdsourcing.ru. URL: http://crowdsourcing.ru/article/what_is_the_crowdfunding/.
Kickstarter — Wikipedia. URL: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickstarter/.
Kickstarter. URL: http://www.kickstarter.com/.
Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme. НМ Revenue and Customs. URL: www.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/fi le/192088/ seed_enterprise_investment_ scheme.pdf/.
Jumpstart Out Businesses Startups Act. URL: www.gpo.gov/ fdsys/pkg/BILLS- 112hr3606enr/pdf/BILLS-112hr3606enr.pdf/.
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