SEDIMENTARY ROCKS EXPLOITATION IN UPPER PALEOLITHIC KNAPPING TECHNOLOGY IN THE TERRITORY OF CENTRAL ASIA AND SOUTH SIBERIA
Abstract
Study of petrographic composition is important for understanding how humans exploited available resources. Stone raw material played a pivotal role in the subsistence life of paleopopulations, influencing knapping technology, tool typology, routes of population movements within the home area, and possibly the size of the region. Petrographic study of assemblages, related to Initial Upper Paleolithic tradition in Central Asia – South Siberia, and to Final Upper Paleolithic, originated from the single natural and geographicregion, demonstrates that ancient humans preferred exploiting the sedimentary silica-rich rocks – cherts with a cryptocrystalline structure of chalcedony-quartz composition, while the tuffaceous siltstone and coarse tuff and tuffites were available. Knapping of all these types is presented almost at all studied sites,but cherts are in the overwhelming majority among sampled rocks. All Paleolithic sites are situated near raw material sources, presented by their engress or rivers’ alluvium.
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