ANALYSIS OF A LACQUER CUP FROM THE XIONGNU GRAVE IN TAMIR VALLEY, MONGOLIA
Abstract
The Xiongnu Empire (3rd century BCE to the 1st century CE) controlled the Central Asia regions of the Silk Road; the economic and cultural relations with Han are evidenced by the availability of Chinese lacquered objects in the Xiongnu burials in Mongolia. This work focuses on the characterization of materials from fragmented pieces of a lacquer cup excavated in Tamir Valley, Arkhangai province (Central Mongolia), which dates to the Xiongnu period. Multi-analytical spectroscopic techniques were performed, including scanning electron microscopy by X-Ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and FUR spectroscopy. The results show that the lacquer cup fragments consist mainly of a three-layer structure, which include a lacquer pigment layer, a fiber layer and a wood foundation layer. The lacquer ground layer under study is a mixture of organic materials including urushi, possibly burned ashes and inorganic fillers such as quartz and feldspar. Further, this work will focus on comparing the lacquer ware excavated in different places and from the same period in order to provide information for further studies such as the chronological distribution of lacquerwares in Mongolia.
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