BRIDLE SETS IN THE POPULATION OF THE NORTHERN ALTAI IN THE ROURAN PERIOD (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE CHOBURAK-I NECROPOLIS)

  • N.N. Seregin Altai State University Email: nikolay-seregin@mail.ru
  • A.A. Tishkin Altai State University Email: tishkin210@mail.ru
  • S.S. Matrenin Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation Email: matrenins@mail.ru
  • T.S. Parshikova Altai State University Email: taty-parshikova@yandex.ru
DOI_disc_logo https://doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2023)35(2).-06
Keywords: Altai, Bulan-Koby culture, Rouran period, riding horse equipment, bridle, chronology

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of bridle sets from the Choburak-I necropolis located in the Chemal region of the Altai Republic. Details of the bridle were found in the graves of ten adults buried with a riding horse. The published collection of things included metal (mainly iron) products of various functional and decorative purposes: bits, cheek-pieces, buckles, badges, tips and distributors of belts, clasps, trench coats, fasteners, lining of the neckpiece. A morphological analysis of the indicated objects was carried out, as well as their comparison with elements of horse equipment from the complexes of the Bulan-Koby culture and sites of the Great Migration period excavated in adjacent territories. The general and special features of the manufacture of various bridle accessories by the population of Altai in the second half of the 4th–first half of the 5th centuries AD are revealed. The analyzed sources demonstrate the influence of the material traditions of the nomads of Central Asia in the second quarter of the 1st millennium AD, as well as the local heritage of the Bulan-Koby culture, on the appearance of the outfit of the riding horse of the Rouran period. It has been established that some modifications of bits, cheek-pieces, plaques and distributors also existed at the initial stages of the development of the culture of the early medieval Turks in Altai.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

N.N. Seregin, Altai State University

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Ancient and Medieval Archaaeology of Eurasia, Associate Professor of the Department of Archaeology, Ethnography and Museology of the Altai State University

A.A. Tishkin, Altai State University

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Archaeology, Ethnography and Museology of the Altai State University

S.S. Matrenin, Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation

Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History and Philosophy of the Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Aff airs of the Russian Federation

T.S. Parshikova, Altai State University

Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Ancient and Medieval Archaeology of Eurasia of the Altai State University

References

Belikova O.B., Pletneva L.M. The Sites of the Tomsk Ob Region in the 5th–8th Centuries AD. Tomsk : Izd-vo Tom. un-ta, 1983. 243 p. (In Russ.)

Bobrov V.V., Vasyutin A.S., Vasyutin S.A. Eastern Altai in the Era of the Great Migration of Peoples (the 3rd–7th centuries). Novosibirsk : Izd-vo In-ta arheologii i etnografi i SO RAN, 2003. 224 p. (In Russ.)

Borisenko A.Yu., Khudyakov Yu.S., Yu Su-Hua Peculiarities of Xianbi Horse Equipment. In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Adjacent Territories. Vol. XII. Part II. Novosibirsk : Izd-vo In-ta arheologii i etnografi i SO RAN, 2006. Pp. 280–285. (In Russ.)

Gavrilova A.A. The Kudyrge Burial Ground as a Source on the History of Altai Tribes. Moscow; Leningrad : Nauka, 1965. 146 p. (In Russ.)

Gao Feng. Northern Wei Burials on the Highway in the City of Datong, Shanxi Province. Vjen’u = Wenwu. 2006;10:51–71. (In Chinese)

Gorbunova T.G. Distributors of Belts of Horse Ammunition from the Sites of Altai of the Early Middle Ages (systematization and ethno-cultural interpretation). In: Antiquities of Altai. Issue 12. Gorno-Altaisk : GAGU, 2004. Pp. 114–123. (In Russ.)

Gorbunova T.G. Reconstruction of the Horse Equipment of Medieval Altai Nomads: Methodology and Some Results. Barnaul : Azbuka, 2010. 136 p. (In Russ.)

Gorbunova T.G., Tishkin A.A., Khavrin S.V. Medieval Adornments of Horse Equipment in Altai: Morphological Analysis, Manufacturing Technology, Composition of Alloys. Barnaul: Azbuka, 2009. 144 p. (In Russ.)

Egorov Ya.V. A New Study of the Burial of a Warrior of the Era of the “Great Migration of Peoples” in Altai. In: Culture of the Ancient Peoples of Southern Siberia. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 1993. Pp. 77–80. (In Russ.)

Malashev V.Yu. Periodization of Belt Sets of the Late Sarmatian Period. In: Sarmatians and Their Neighbors on the Don. Rostov-on-Don : Terra, 2000. Pp. 194–232. (In Russ.)

Mamadakov Yu.T. Culture of the Central Altai Population in the First Half of the 1st Millennium AD: Abstract ... Candidate of Historical Sciences. Novosibirsk, 1990. 19 p. (In Russ.)

Matrenin S.S. Equipment of the Nomads of Altai (the 2nd century BC — 5th century AD). Novosibirsk : Izd-vo ВNC SO RAN, 2017. 142 p. (In Russ.)

Matrenin S.S. Riddle and Cheek-Pieces of the Nomads of Altai of the Xianbei-Rouran period. In: Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal Siberia and Northern China. Ulan-Ude : Izdvo BNC SO RAN, 2018a. Pp. 67–71. (In Russ.)

Matrenin S.S. Chronological Indicators of the Equipment of the Riding Horse of the Nomads of the Xianbei-Rouran Period (based on the materials of the burial monuments of the Bulan-Koby culture). In: Modern Solutions to Urgent Problems of Eurasian Archaeology. Issue 2. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2018b. Pp. 188–195. (In Russ.)

Matrenin S.S., Tishkin A.A. Buckles in the Culture of the Altai Nomads of the Rouran Period (based on the materials of the Yaloman-II site). Teoriya i praktika arheologicheskih issledovanij = Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research. 2016а;2:48–66. (In Russ.)

Matrenin S.S., Tishkin A.A. Bridle Plaques from the Altai Sites of the Xiongnu-Xianbei-Zhuzhan Period: an Experience of Classifi cation and Typology. Izvestiya Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Altai State University. 2016b;1(90):220–228. (In Russ.)

Samashev Z.S., Kariev E.S. On Some New Xiongnu-Xianbei Burials of Berel. Mir Bol’shogo Altaya = World of Greater Altai. 2020;6(2):915–930. (In Russ.)

Seregin N.N., Vasyutin S.A. Early Turkic Archaeological Complexes of the Central and Eastern Altai (based on the research materials of A.S. Vasyutin). Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2021. 296 p. (In Russ.)

Seregin N.N., Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S., Parshikova T.S. Burial of the Rouran Period from the Northern Altai (based on the materials of the burial ground Choburak-I. Teoriya i praktika arheologicheskih issledovanij = Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research. 2019;4(28):51–68. (In Russ.)

Seregin N.N., Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S., Parshikova T.S. New Data on Bone (horn) Girth Buckles of the Bulan-Koba Culture (based on the materials of the Choburak-I archaeological complex). Izvestiya Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Altai State University. 2020;3:106–113. (In Russ.)

Seregin N.N., Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S., Parshikova T.S. Saddle Edgings from the Excavated Mounds of the Altai of the Rouran Period. Narody i religii Evrazii = Peoples and religions of Eurasia. 2021;1:25–36. (In Russ.)

Seregin N.N., Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S., Parshikova T.S. Burial of an Elderly Man of the Rouran Period from the Northern Altai: an Experience of Social Interpretation. Arheologiya Kazahstana = Archaeology of Kazakhstan. 2023;1(19):43–57. (In Russ.)

Soenov V.I. Riddle and Cheek-pieces of the Xiongnu-Sarmatian Period of Gorny Altai. In: Riding Horse Equipment in Altai in the Early Iron Age and the Middle Ages. Barnaul : Izdvo Alt. un-ta, 1998. Pp. 93–98. (In Russ.)

Soenov V.I. The Results of Excavations at the Verkh-Uimon Burial Ground in 1999. In: Antiquities of Altai. Issue 5. Gorno-Altajsk : GAGU, 2000. Pp. 48–62. (In Russ.)

Soenov V.I., Ebel’ A.V. Mounds of the Hun-Sarmatian Era on the Upper Katun. Gorno-Altajsk: GAGPI, 1992. 116 p. (In Russ.)

Teterin Yu.V. Belt Sets of the Hun-Sarmatian Era of Gorny Altai. In: Problems of Protection, Study and Use of the Cultural Heritage of Altai. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 1995. Pp. 131–135. (In Russ.)

Tishkin A.A., Gorbunov V.V., Kazakov A.A. Burial Mound Teleutsky Vzvoz-I and the Culture of the Population of the Forest-Steppe Altai in the Mongolian Time. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2002. 276 p. (In Russ.)

Tishkin A.A., Gorbunova T.G. Reconstruction of Bridle Sets of the Bulan-Koba Culture (based on the materials of the Yaloman-II Site). In: Equipment of Nomads of Eurasia. Barnaul: Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2005. Pp. 118–122. (In Russ.)

Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S. Parts of the “Golden Diadem” from the Yaloman-II Site (Rouran period, Central Altai). In: Archaeology of Western Siberia and Altai: Experience of Interdisciplinary Research. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2015. Pp. 351–355. (In Russ.)

Tishkin A.A., Matrenin S.S., Schmidt A.V. Altai in the Xianbei-Rouran Period (based on materials from the Stepushka site). Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2018. 368 p. (In Russ.)

Trifanova S.V., Soenov V.I. Ornaments of the Altai Population of the Hun-Sarmatian time [Electronic resource]. Gorno-Altaisk, 2019. 160 p. (In Russ.)

Yu Junyu. Relics of the Former Yan Unearthed at Sanhecheng, Chaoyang. Wenwu. 1997;11:42–48 (in Chinese).

Published
2023-07-11
How to Cite
Seregin N., Tishkin A., Matrenin S., Parshikova T. BRIDLE SETS IN THE POPULATION OF THE NORTHERN ALTAI IN THE ROURAN PERIOD (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE CHOBURAK-I NECROPOLIS) // THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 2023. Vol. 35, № 2. P. 91-113 DOI: 10.14258/tpai(2023)35(2).-06. URL: http://journal.asu.ru/tpai/article/view/13338.
Issue
Vol 35 No 2 (2023)
Section
MATERIAL ANALYSIS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

Copyright (c) 2023 Н.Н. Серегин, А.А. Тишкин, С.С. Матренин, Т.С. Паршикова

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research is a golden publisher, as we allow self-archiving, but most importantly we are fully transparent about your rights.

Authors may present and discuss their findings ahead of publication: at biological or scientific conferences, on preprint servers, in public databases, and in blogs, wikis, tweets, and other informal communication channels.

Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research allows authors to deposit manuscripts (currently under review or those for intended submission to ABS) in non-commercial, pre-print servers such as ArXiv.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).