FINAL MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC OF MONGOLIA
Abstract
The sites with the Middle Paleolithic complexes are known all over the territory of Mongolia. In Western Mongolia they are discovered in the Kobdo river valley, on the eastern slope, and within the southern face of the Mongolian Altai. In the southern part of the country the Middle Paleolithic sites are located in the region of Arts-Bogdo ridge, in the Flint Valley, and in Tsagaan-Agui Cave. In the Valley of Lakes the most spectacular Middle Paleolithic complexes are presented by the Orokh-Nor-1 and 2 sites, while in Central Mongolia by lower levels at the stratified sites Orkhon-1, 7. In Khangai Mountains archaeological materials which precede the Initial Upper Paleolithic are found at the lower levels of the sites of the Tolbor group. The complexes of the Middle Paleolithic, especially its final part, are characterized by flaky industries based on the splitting of Levallois parallel planar and orthogonal cores with a very small fraction of radial splitting. The tool-kit includes various types of big scrapers, denticulate, notched and denticulate-notched goods. Points are less common, some bifacial tools are known at the sites in the Flint Valley and Arts-Bogdo. There was its own industrial base for the formation of the Early Upper Paleolithic culture in the territory of Mongolia.
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