КАК ПРИВРАТНИКИ ФОРМИРУЮТ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ
Статья боковой панели
Опубликован:
ноя 19, 2025
Ключевые слова:
качественное интервью, административный опрос, привратники, система договременного ухода, институциональные ограничения, рекрутинг информантов, смещение
Основное содержание статьи
Н.И. Галиева
Email: galieva@ranepa.ru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-3577
Аннотация
При проведении административных опросов особую значимость приобретает вопрос институционального доступа и роли привратников в формировании исследовательского поля. В исследовании, проведенном в рамках проекта по развитию системы долговременного ухода для пожилых людей и инвалидов в Российской Федерации, установлено, что административный доступ существенно влияет на состав выборки и характер взаимодействия с респондентами. На материале более 100 фокусированных интервью в трех регионах России анализируются механизмы отбора информантов и динамика интервью в условиях административного рекрутинга. Особое внимание уделено тому, как восприятие исследователя как внешнего проверяющего ограничивает откровенность высказываний и снижает вариативность данных. Показано, что административный доступ, обеспечивая логистическую эффективность, формирует жесткие фильтры, отбирая лояльных респондентов и «витринные» кейсы. Представлены рекомендации по адаптации методологии качественных исследований к таким условиям.
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Как цитировать
Галиева, Н. (2025). КАК ПРИВРАТНИКИ ФОРМИРУЮТ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ. Society and Security Insights, 8(3), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.14258/SSI(2025)3-09
Раздел
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ, КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ, ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
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Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
Литература
Квале С. Исследовательское интервью. М.: Смысл, 2003. 301 с.
Broadhead, R., Rist, R. C. Gatekeepers and the social control of social research // Social Problems. 1976. № 23(3). P. 325–336. doi: 10.2307/799778
Clark, T. Gaining and maintaining access: Exploring the mechanisms that support and challenge the relationship between gatekeepers and researchers // Qualitative Social Work. 2011. № 10(4). P. 485–502. doi: 10.1177/1473325009358228
Crowhurst, I., Kennedy-Macfoy, M. Troubling gatekeepers: Methodological considerations for social research // International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2013. № 16(6). P. 457–462. doi: 10.1080/13645579.2013.823281
Dundon, T., Ryan, P. Interviewing Reluctant Respondents: Strikes, Henchmen, and Gaelic Games // Organizational Research Methods. 2009. № 13(3). P. 562–581. doi: 10.1177/1094428109335571
Emmerich, N. When is a REC not a REC? When it is a gatekeeper // Research Ethics. 2016. № 12(4). P. 234–243. doi:10.1177/1747016116651668
Groger, L., Mayberry, P., Straker, J. What We Didn’t Learn Because of Who Would Not Talk to Us // Qualitative Health Research. 1999. № 9(6). P. 829–835.
Gřundělová, B., Broskevičová, Z., Kowolová, I. When a gatekeeper denies a researcher access: Circumstances of gate closure in social work research // Research Ethics. 2024. doi: 10.1177/17470161241273813
Hayes, D. Gaining access to data sources in statutory social work agencies: The long and winding road // British Journal of Social Work. 2005. № 35(7). P. 1193–1202. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bch295
Hughes, N. Gatekeepers. In: Designing and Conducting Research in Social Science, Health and Social Care. London, England: Routledge, 2019. pp. 7–17. doi: 10.4324/9781351245425-2
Kay, L. Guardians of research: Negotiating the strata of gatekeepers in research with vulnerable participants // Practice. 2019. № 1(1). P. 37–52. doi: 10.1080/25783858.2019.1589988
Luborsky, M. R., Rubinstein, R. L. Sampling in Qualitative Research: Rationale, Issues, and Methods // Research on Aging. 1995. № 17(1). P. 89–113. doi: 10.1177/0164027595171005
Roulston, K. Reflective interviewing: A guide to theory and practice. London: Sage, 2010. doi: 10.4135/9781446288009
Sanghera, G. S., Thapar-Björkert, S. Methodological dilemmas: gatekeepers and positionality in Bradford // Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2008. № 31(3). P. 543–562. doi: 10.1080/01419870701491952
Wanat, C. L. Getting Past the Gatekeepers: Differences Between Access and Cooperation in Public School Research // Field Methods. 2008. № 20(2). P. 191–208. doi: 10.1177/1525822X07313811
Wiles, R., Heath, S., Crow, G., Charles, V. Informed Consent in Social Research: A Literature Review. 2005.
References
Kvale, S. (2003). Research Interview. Moscow: Smysl. (In Russ.).
Broadhead, R., Rist, R. C. (1976). Gatekeepers and the social control of social research. Social Problems, 23(3), 325–336. doi: 10.2307/799778
Clark, T. (2011). Gaining and maintaining access: Exploring the mechanisms that support and challenge the relationship between gatekeepers and researchers. Qualitative Social Work, 10(4), 485-502. doi: 10.1177/1473325009358228
Crowhurst, I., Kennedy-Macfoy, M. (2013) Troubling gatekeepers: Methodological considerations for social research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(6): 457–462. doi: 10.1080/13645579.2013.823281
Dundon, T., Ryan, P. (2009). Interviewing Reluctant Respondents: Strikes, Henchmen, and Gaelic Games. Organizational Research Methods, 13(3), 562-581. doi: 10.1177/1094428109335571
Emmerich, N. (2016). When is a REC not a REC? When it is a gatekeeper. Research Ethics, 12(4), 234-243. doi:10.1177/1747016116651668
Groger, L., Mayberry, P., Straker, J. (1999). What We Didn’t Learn Because of Who Would Not Talk to Us. Qualitative Health Research, 9(6), 829-835.
Gřundělová, B., Broskevičová, Z., Kowolová, I. (2024). When a gatekeeper denies a researcher access: Circumstances of gate closure in social work research. Research Ethics. DOI: 10.1177/17470161241273813
Hayes, D. (2005) Gaining access to data sources in statutory social work agencies: The long and winding road. British Journal of Social Work, 35(7): 1193–1202. DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bch295
Hughes, N. (2019). Gatekeepers. In F. McSweeney & D. Williams (Eds.). Designing and Conducting Research in Social Science, Health and Social Care (pp. 7–17). London, England: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781351245425-2
Kay, L. (2019) Guardians of research: Negotiating the strata of gatekeepers in research with vulnerable participants. Practice, 1(1): 37–52. doi: 10.1080/25783858.2019.1589988
Luborsky, M. R., Rubinstein, R. L. (1995). Sampling in Qualitative Research: Rationale, Issues, and Methods. Research on Aging, 17(1), 89-113. doi: 10.1177/0164027595171005
Roulston, K. (2010). Reflective interviewing: A guide to theory and practice. London: Sage. doi: 10.4135/9781446288009
Sanghera, G. S., Thapar-Björkert, S. (2008). Methodological dilemmas: gatekeepers and positionality in Bradford. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 31(3), 543–562. doi: 10.1080/01419870701491952
Wanat, C. L. (2008). Getting Past the Gatekeepers: Differences Between Access and Cooperation in Public School Research. Field Methods, 20(2), 191-208. doi: 10.1177/1525822X07313811
Wiles, R., Heath, S., Crow, G., Charles, V. (2005). Informed Consent in Social Research: A Literature Review.
Broadhead, R., Rist, R. C. Gatekeepers and the social control of social research // Social Problems. 1976. № 23(3). P. 325–336. doi: 10.2307/799778
Clark, T. Gaining and maintaining access: Exploring the mechanisms that support and challenge the relationship between gatekeepers and researchers // Qualitative Social Work. 2011. № 10(4). P. 485–502. doi: 10.1177/1473325009358228
Crowhurst, I., Kennedy-Macfoy, M. Troubling gatekeepers: Methodological considerations for social research // International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2013. № 16(6). P. 457–462. doi: 10.1080/13645579.2013.823281
Dundon, T., Ryan, P. Interviewing Reluctant Respondents: Strikes, Henchmen, and Gaelic Games // Organizational Research Methods. 2009. № 13(3). P. 562–581. doi: 10.1177/1094428109335571
Emmerich, N. When is a REC not a REC? When it is a gatekeeper // Research Ethics. 2016. № 12(4). P. 234–243. doi:10.1177/1747016116651668
Groger, L., Mayberry, P., Straker, J. What We Didn’t Learn Because of Who Would Not Talk to Us // Qualitative Health Research. 1999. № 9(6). P. 829–835.
Gřundělová, B., Broskevičová, Z., Kowolová, I. When a gatekeeper denies a researcher access: Circumstances of gate closure in social work research // Research Ethics. 2024. doi: 10.1177/17470161241273813
Hayes, D. Gaining access to data sources in statutory social work agencies: The long and winding road // British Journal of Social Work. 2005. № 35(7). P. 1193–1202. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bch295
Hughes, N. Gatekeepers. In: Designing and Conducting Research in Social Science, Health and Social Care. London, England: Routledge, 2019. pp. 7–17. doi: 10.4324/9781351245425-2
Kay, L. Guardians of research: Negotiating the strata of gatekeepers in research with vulnerable participants // Practice. 2019. № 1(1). P. 37–52. doi: 10.1080/25783858.2019.1589988
Luborsky, M. R., Rubinstein, R. L. Sampling in Qualitative Research: Rationale, Issues, and Methods // Research on Aging. 1995. № 17(1). P. 89–113. doi: 10.1177/0164027595171005
Roulston, K. Reflective interviewing: A guide to theory and practice. London: Sage, 2010. doi: 10.4135/9781446288009
Sanghera, G. S., Thapar-Björkert, S. Methodological dilemmas: gatekeepers and positionality in Bradford // Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2008. № 31(3). P. 543–562. doi: 10.1080/01419870701491952
Wanat, C. L. Getting Past the Gatekeepers: Differences Between Access and Cooperation in Public School Research // Field Methods. 2008. № 20(2). P. 191–208. doi: 10.1177/1525822X07313811
Wiles, R., Heath, S., Crow, G., Charles, V. Informed Consent in Social Research: A Literature Review. 2005.
References
Kvale, S. (2003). Research Interview. Moscow: Smysl. (In Russ.).
Broadhead, R., Rist, R. C. (1976). Gatekeepers and the social control of social research. Social Problems, 23(3), 325–336. doi: 10.2307/799778
Clark, T. (2011). Gaining and maintaining access: Exploring the mechanisms that support and challenge the relationship between gatekeepers and researchers. Qualitative Social Work, 10(4), 485-502. doi: 10.1177/1473325009358228
Crowhurst, I., Kennedy-Macfoy, M. (2013) Troubling gatekeepers: Methodological considerations for social research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(6): 457–462. doi: 10.1080/13645579.2013.823281
Dundon, T., Ryan, P. (2009). Interviewing Reluctant Respondents: Strikes, Henchmen, and Gaelic Games. Organizational Research Methods, 13(3), 562-581. doi: 10.1177/1094428109335571
Emmerich, N. (2016). When is a REC not a REC? When it is a gatekeeper. Research Ethics, 12(4), 234-243. doi:10.1177/1747016116651668
Groger, L., Mayberry, P., Straker, J. (1999). What We Didn’t Learn Because of Who Would Not Talk to Us. Qualitative Health Research, 9(6), 829-835.
Gřundělová, B., Broskevičová, Z., Kowolová, I. (2024). When a gatekeeper denies a researcher access: Circumstances of gate closure in social work research. Research Ethics. DOI: 10.1177/17470161241273813
Hayes, D. (2005) Gaining access to data sources in statutory social work agencies: The long and winding road. British Journal of Social Work, 35(7): 1193–1202. DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bch295
Hughes, N. (2019). Gatekeepers. In F. McSweeney & D. Williams (Eds.). Designing and Conducting Research in Social Science, Health and Social Care (pp. 7–17). London, England: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781351245425-2
Kay, L. (2019) Guardians of research: Negotiating the strata of gatekeepers in research with vulnerable participants. Practice, 1(1): 37–52. doi: 10.1080/25783858.2019.1589988
Luborsky, M. R., Rubinstein, R. L. (1995). Sampling in Qualitative Research: Rationale, Issues, and Methods. Research on Aging, 17(1), 89-113. doi: 10.1177/0164027595171005
Roulston, K. (2010). Reflective interviewing: A guide to theory and practice. London: Sage. doi: 10.4135/9781446288009
Sanghera, G. S., Thapar-Björkert, S. (2008). Methodological dilemmas: gatekeepers and positionality in Bradford. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 31(3), 543–562. doi: 10.1080/01419870701491952
Wanat, C. L. (2008). Getting Past the Gatekeepers: Differences Between Access and Cooperation in Public School Research. Field Methods, 20(2), 191-208. doi: 10.1177/1525822X07313811
Wiles, R., Heath, S., Crow, G., Charles, V. (2005). Informed Consent in Social Research: A Literature Review.