Abstract
European plant bug Asciodema obsoleta (Fieber, 1864) was the first to be reported; to date, no records have been published. In our recent fieldwork, we extended the recorded distribution of true bug species and provided the first Uzbekistan record: in the Fergana, Namangan, and Khorezm regions. For this species, collection data in the Khorezm, Namangan, and Fergana regions and information about distribution in Uzbekistan were compared with old literature and online base dates. These species were recorded in 2023 from different places in the territory of Uzbekistan. Until now, reliable information on the zoogeography of A. obsoleta species in Uzbekistan’s south and north-western regions has not been published. The composition of species of true bugs, diversity, and the proportion of endemism vary greatly across the country’s zoogeographic regions in these three regions.
Acta Biologica Sibirica 10: 525–531 (2024)
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.11295357
Corresponding author: Gulnora S. Mirzayeva (mirzayeva.gulnora@mail.ru)
Academic editor: R. Yakovlev | Received 7 February 2024 | Accepted 15 May 2024 | Published 27 May 2024
http://zoobank.org/B3B98E59-F05F-46D3-AE26-6F6B64B1B554
Citation: Mirzayeva GS, Hudoyberdieva MO, Gandjaeva LA, Musaev DM, Kholmatov BR, Kimyonazarov SQ, Narimanova GK, Lebedeva NI (2024) Asciodema obsoleta (Hemiptera: Miridae): new record for Uzbekistan. Acta Biologica Sibirica 10: 525–531. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11295357
Keywords
Hemiptera, Miridae, Asciodema obsoleta, Uzbekistan, Khorezm, Namangan, Fergana, distribution, host plants
Introduction
The literature on the fauna of terrestrial true bugs (Bundy, McPherson 2018; Chandra, Kushwaha 2013) in different habitats of the world (Schuh, Weirauch 2020; Vinokurov et al. 2015; Vinokurov et al. 2010; Animal World of Uzbekistan 2023). In the territory of the north and south parts of Uzbekistan which belongs to 150 species in 89 genera and 2 infraorders, these species were found between 2003 and 2022 (Gandjaeva et al. 2021; Gandjaeva et al. 2022b; Gandjaeva et al. 2020; Iskandarov et al. 2022; Yusupova et al. 2022).
In the literature, the first information about this species was recorded in 1865 in British Hemiptera (10), and it has been reported that Asciodema obsolete is a native species in London. Further, this species has expanded its distribution dramatically to include the USA.
Biology. Asciodema obsoleta species winters with egg-laying sites almost incompatible. Release of eggs consecutively from March (sometimes to April). in mid-June; adults first appear from mid-May to mid-July, and although all species can found on the broom at the same time, their periods the highest abundance is different; and that's all omnivorous animals that feed on their host and Arthropods such as aphids and psyllids (Waloff and Southwood 1960, Dempster 1964, Waloff 1968).
All specie have been advanced, with more adults, few of which were teneral, and fewer late-instar nymphs. The presence of fifth instars and teneral adults on on the field on Fabaceae, another wildlife ecosystem with plant is legume, suggests that these plants can serve as a host plant. More field work is needed to determine whether the mirid can complete its development on Fabaceae and if this plant association persists (Weirauch, Schuh 2011).
This species was studied by Uhler (1893) and reported the new record in June 1965 in the United States of America and in May 1926 in Canada, but the researcher reported it with another synonym, Brooksetta inconspicua (Uhler, 1893) (https://www.gbif.org/species/2011438). The literature shows that this species was recorded in the 1950s and 1960s at Silwood Park, the rural campus of Imperial College London, England, by the researchers J.P. Dempster (1964), N. Waloff and T.R.E. Southwood (1960).
According to the literature, A. obsoleta is recorded in British Columbia and the USA (Wheeler, Henry 1992). However, as described by Waloff (1966), this species was shown to be A. obsoleta, the original North American species, and collected from British Columbia (Vancouver). In 2010–2011, A.G. Wheeler and E.R. Hoebeke collected A. obsoleta (Waloff 1966; Wheeler, Hoebeke 2011; Weirauch, Schuh 2011) during the work to refine the distribution of European Hemiptera in the Pacific Northwest (Wheeler, Lattin, 2008; Wheeler, Hoebeke 2012). In addition, A. obsoleta was found in France (Kerzhner, Matocq 1994; Poland (Gorczyca 2007); and Turkey (Matocq et al. 2014).
As we explored, all the dates about A. obsoleta were old information. Nowadays, Uzbekistan entomologists in the Khorezm and Fergana regions have recorded the European bug A. obsoleta for the first time, and until today, observation of this species has not been detected and reported (Gandjaeva et al. 2023; Gandjaeva et al. 2022a).
The collection of A. obsoleta has been compared with the old data on the geographic distribution of these species from the Catalogue "Heteroptera of the Palearctic," Volumes I–VI, published by the Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam (NES) (1995–2013) (https://catpalhet.linnaeus.naturalis.nl) to describe the analysis of the zoogeographic areas of terrestrial true bugs (Aukema 2013). This online database contains all of the information available about heteropterans worldwide. Additional information about newly studied species is currently being added. Therefore, this research is the first to find this European plant bug species in the territory of the North-West and South-East parts of Uzbekistan.
Materials and methods
Study area: Field work was conducted between 1st decade and 3rd decade in July 2023 at several sites in agricultural lands and in the wildlife ecosystem in north and south part of Uzbekistan.
Sampling: We collected A. obsoleta in July 2023 during efforts to update the distributions of Heteroptera of agrocenoses of crop plants, exactly the family Fabaceae. The heteropteran was collected into small plastic dishes. The plant's branches were beaten over a shallow net to collect the species. In June, A. obsoleta dominated the plant bug fauna of Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link in Khorezm and Namangan regions. In addition, in Fergana regions, it has also been recorded, but it was collected on a light net at night.
The species identified in the laboratory is A. obsoleta. All collections presented below were made by the authors, and the host plant for this species was C. scoparius. The species were at the stage of Nymphs when they were recorded at the observation time. Nowadays, all collection materials for A. obsoleta are deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Result
Asciodema obsoleta (Fieber, 1864)
Material examined. Uzbekistan: Namangan, Fergana and Khorezm in the south and north parts of Uzbekistan.
In our opinion, crop fields and parks needed additional fieldwork because it would probably show that the true bugs are established farther north and south of Uzbekistan. Collections of A. obsoleta were made in these three areas for the first time, and this species is the first record in Uzbekistan.
The species was found in Chadak village, which is located in the Pop district of Namangan region (41°05'04"N 70°32'27"E); in Urgench city, Khorezm region (41°22'0"N 61°0'0"E) and in Fergana city (40°28'38.6"N 70°45'50.1"E). The collection of insects were found in July (2nd and 3rd decades) (Fig. 1).
Figure 1.Areas where Asciodema obsolete (Fieber, 1864) species have been collected.
Firstly, we collected five specimens of this species: Nymphs: 3♂♂, 2♀♀ in the Namangan region in the wildlife ecosystem of a fauna mountain hut in the daytime on 18 July 2023, and secondly, Nymphs: 2♀♀ on 24 July 2023 in Urgench city on the field on Fabaceae. On July 29, 2023, the researcher collected two specimens of this species: 1♂♂, 1♀♀ in Fergana city, when the researcher used a light net for collecting insects (Fig. 2). All collected specimens belong to adults (nymphs) in these places during the year.
Distribution. Europe: Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Spain, Sweden!, Switzerland. North Africa: Morocco. Extralimital: North America, introduced (Canada, USA) (https://catpalhet.linnaeus.naturalis.nl) and Uzbekistan (new record) (Fig. 1).
Diagnosis. A very pale greenish bug covered densely in white hairs on the upper surface, with sparse dark hairs also present. There is the dark tibial spines, which do not arise from black spots, together with the pale antennae and unspotted femora (Fig. 2).
Figure 2.Asciodema obsoleta (Fieber, 1864): A – dorsal view; B – ventral view.
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to the team of the Zoology Institute (ZIN) of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences (UAS) and Khorezm Mamun Academy for working at the laboratory, their assistance and printing for this scientific work.
The work was performed as part of the budget project of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan "Hemiptera: Heteroptera insects of Uzbekistan" (2021–2024).
References
Animal World of Uzbekistan http://www.orient-tracking.com/Fauna.htm(accessed December 2023)[In Russian]
Aukema B, Rieger C, Rabitsch W (2013) Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, 653 pp.
Bundy CS, McPherson JE (2018) Life history of Mecidea major with descriptions of nymphal instars (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). ZooKeys 796: 335–346. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.796.21325
Chandra K, Kushwaha S (2013) Distribution and diversity of Hemiptera fauna of Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary, Raisen District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Munis Entomology & Zoology Journal 8(2): 677–681. https://www.munisentzool.org/yayin/vol8/issue2/vol8issue2-431788.pdf
CPTB (2023) Catalogue of Palaearctic True Bugs [online]. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam. https://catpalhet.linnaeus.naturalis.nl
Dempster JP (1964) The feeding habit of the Miridae (Heteroptera) living on broom (Sarothamnuss coparius (L.) Wimm.). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 7: 149–154.
Gandjaeva L, Abdullaev I, Iskandarov A, Allabergenova K, Yusupova S, Narimanova G, Yusupboev E, Ibragimova S, Begliev S, Bobojonova K (2023) A zoogeographical analysis of true bugs (Insecta, Heteroptera) from Uzbekistan. Zookeys 1163: 121–142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1163.99414
Gandjaeva LA, Abdullaev II, Allabergenova K (2021) True Bugs in the Lower Amu Darya. Bulletin of the Khorezm Mamun Academy 5: 42–46. [In Russian]
Gandjaeva LA, Abdullaeva SI (2022a) Species composition of cruciferous bugs on cabbage. In: Research of ways of improvement of scientific and technical potential of society in strategic period: Collection of articles of the International scientific-practical conference (Russia), Magnitogorsk, Ufa, 22–24. [In Russian]
Gandjaeva LA, Abdullaeva SI (2022b) The cruciferous bugs (Miridae). In: Conceptions for sustainable development of science in modern conditions. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (Novosibirsk). Part 2. Ufa, 15–17. [In Russian]
Gandjaeva LA, Ismayilova I, Saidova S (2020) The Central Asian Cabbage Bugs. Tendenze attuali della moderna ricerca scientifica: der Sammlung wissenschaftlicher Arbeiten «ΛÓГOΣ» zu den Materialien der internationalen wissenschaftlich-praktischen Konferenz. 2, Stuttgart, Germany, 122–123.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility https://www.gbif.org/species/2011438 (accessed December 2023)
Gorczyca J (2007) A catalogue of plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) of Poland. Part I. Subfamilies: Isometopinae, Deraeocorinae, Bryocorinae, Orthotylinae, Phylinae. In: Catalogus Faunae Poloniae (N.S.) 2: 1–216.
Iskandarov A, Abdullaev I, Gandjaeva L, Musaev D, Mirzayeva G, Kholmatov B, Jumanazarov H, Jangabaeva A, Razzakov K, Abdullaev U (2022) Updated Checklist of the Pentatomidea (Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha) of Uzbekistan. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development 18: 1283–1295. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2022.18.121
Kerzhner IM, Matocq A (1994) Type specimens of Palaearctic Miridae and Nabidae in the collection of the Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (Heteroptera). Zoosystematica Rossica 3: 55–68.
Matocq A, Pluot-Sigwalt D, Özgen İ (2014) Terrestrial Hemiptera (Heteroptera) collected in south-east Anatolia (Diyarbakir, Mardin and Elaziğ provinces) (Turkey): second list. Munis Entomology & Zoology Journal 9 (2): 884–930.
Schuh RT, Weirauch C (2020) True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): Classification and Natural History. Second edition. Vol. 8. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, 800 pp.
Vinokurov NN, Golub VB, Zinovieva AN (2015) Plant bugs (Heteroptera, Miridae) of the South Urals State Natural Reserve. I. Bryocorinae, Deraeocorinae, Mirinae. Scientific bulletins of Belgorod State University. Series Natural Science 15(212): 84–93. [In Russian]
Vinokurov NN, Kanyukova EV, Golub VB (2010) Catalogue of true bugs insects (Heteroptera) of Asian part. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 253 pp. [In Russian]
Waloff N, Southwood TRE (1960) The immature stages of mirids (Heteroptera) occurring on broom (Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer) with some remarks on their biology. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society 35(A): 39–46.
Waloff N (1966) Scotch broom (Sarothamnus scoparms (L.) Wimmera and its insect fauna introduced into the Pacific Northwest of America. Journal of Applied Ecology 3: 293– 311.
Weirauch C, Schuh RT (2011) Systematic and Evolution of Heteroptera: 25 years of progress. Annual Review of Entomology 56(1): 487–510. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevento-120709-144833
Wheeler AGJr, Henry TJ (1992) A Synthesis of the Holarctic Miridae (Heteroptera): Distribution, Biology, and Origin, with Emphasis on North America. Vol. 15. Thomas Say Foundation. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, 282 pp.
Wheeler AGJr, Hoebeke ER (2011) Asciodema obsoleta (Hemiptera: Miridae): new records for British Columbia and first U.S. record of an adventive plant bug of scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius; Fabaceae). Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 108: 34–37.
Wheeler AGJr, Hoebeke ER (2012) Gargara genistae (Membracidae) and Dictyonota fuliginosa Costa (Tingidae): new records of two immigrant, Scotch broom-feeding hemipterans in western North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 114: 152–158.
Wheeler AGJr, Lattin JD (2008) The Palearctic lace bug Dictyonota fuliginosa Costa in North America (Hemiptera: Tingidae): new distribution records and notes on seasonality. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110: 159–164.
Yusupova SK, Gandzhaeva LA, Doschanov ZhS (2022) True bugs in triticale agrocenoses. Scientific review. Biological Sciences 3: 57–62. https://doi.org/10.17513/srbs.1285[In Russian]