ОБРАЗ ТЮРКСКОГО КАГАНА В ТОРЕВТИКЕ МАЛЫХ ФОРМ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ КУЛЬТОВО-ПОМИНАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА ЕЛЕКЕ САЗЫ В ВОСТОЧНОМ КАЗАХСТАНЕ)

З. Самашев

doi:10.14258/tpai(2022)34(4).-10

З. Самашев Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-3003 Email: archaeology_kz@mail.ru

https://doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2022)34(4).-10

Ключевые слова: Восточный Казахстан, раннее Средневековье, культово-поминальный комплекс, тюркский каган, торевтика

Аннотация

Статья посвящена анализу предварительных результатов при изучении материалов, полученных в ходе раскопок культово-поминального (мемориального) комплекса Елеке сазы в Восточном Казахстане. Дается характеристика зафиксированных каменных сооружений и обнаруженных предметов материальной культуры. Основное внимание уделено образу тюркского кагана, запечатленного на изделиях, относящихся к торевтике (художественному металлу малых форм). Сделан вывод, что Елекесазинский комплекс был сооружен на месте сожжения тела умершего «удельного» кагана, который принадлежал, по-видимому, к младшей ветви «золотой» династии Ашина. Ставка этого правителя могла находиться неподалеку, в северных предгорьях Тарбагатая. Дальнейшие археологические исследования позволят дополнить и уточнить намеченную историко-культурную и социально-политическую реконструкцию.

Скачивания

Данные скачивания пока недоступны.

Metrics

Загрузка метрик ...

Биография автора

З. Самашев, Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби

доктор исторических наук, член кафедры Казахского Национального университета имени Аль-Фараби

Литература

Babayarov G. Ancient Turkic coins of Chach oasis (the 6th –8th centuries AD). Tashkent : Izd-vo Nacional’noj biblioteki Uzbekistana, 1997. 120 p. (In Russ.).

Boboyorov Ғ. Tun yabgu-kagan (Risola). Toshkent : ABU MATBUOT-KONSALT, 2011. 48 б. (In Uzbek).

Babayarov G., Kubatin A. Essays on the History of Numismatics of the Western Turkic Kaganate. Part I. Saardbrucken : Lap Lambert, 2014. 190 p. (In Russ.).

Bartold V. V. New Research on Orkhon Inscriptions. In: Academician V.V. Bartold. Collected Works. Vol. V. Works on History and Philology of Türkic and Mongolian Peoples. Moscow: Nauka, 1968. Pp. 312–328. (In Russ.).

Bayar D. New Archaeological Excavations at the Bilge-Kagan Monument. Arheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii = Archaeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia. 2004;4(20):73–84. (In Russ.).

Bichurin N. Ya. Collection of Information about the Peoples who Lived in Central Asia in Ancient Times. Vol. I. Moscow ; Leningrad : Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1950. 382 p. (In Russ.).

Bubenok O. B. The Innovations and Traditions in the Funeral and Memorial Rites of the Ancient Turks of Central Asia. In: The Worldview of the Population of South Siberia and Central Asia in Historical Retrospective. Barnaul : Izd-vo Alt. un-ta, 2014. Pp. 77–89. (In Russ.).

Vojtov V. E. Ancient Turkic Pantheon and Model of the Universe in Cult-Memorial Sites of Mongolia of the 6th –8th Centuries. Moscow : Izd-vo Gos. muzeya Vostoka, 1996. 152 p. (In Russ.).

Grach A. D. Ancient Turkic Burials with Burning in Central Asia. In: History, Archaeology and Ethnography of Central Asia. Moscow : Nauka, 1968. Pp. 207–213. (In Russ.).

Dobzhansky V. N. Dialed Belts of Asian nomads. Novosibirsk : Izd-vo Novosib. un-ta, 1990. 164 p. (In Russ.).

Drobyshev Yu. I. The Turkic Kagan and the Sassanid Shahanshah: On the Ideological Borrowings of the Ancient Turks from the Iranians. In: Turkic Nomads in Asia and Europe: Civilizational Aspects of History and Culture. Moscow : In-t vostokovedeniya RAN, 2018. Pp. 126–145. (Proceedings of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 7). (In Russ.).

Evtyukhova L. A. Archaeological Sites of the Yenisei Kyrgyz (Khakasses). Abakan : Hakas. nauch.-issled. in-t yazyka, literatury i istorii, 1948. 110 p. (In Russ.).

Zhumaganbetov T. S. The Ancient Turkic Kaganate: the Formation and Development of Statehood. The 6th -8th Centuries. Almaty : AAES, 2006. 395 p. (In Russ.).

Klyashtorny S. G. The Image of the Kagan in the Orkhon Sites. In: The Mongolian Empire and the Nomadic World. Ulan-Ude : Izd-vo BNC SO RAN, 2004. Pp. 100–103. (In Russ.).

Klyashtorny S. G. The Steppe Empires: Birth, Triumph, and Destruction. In: Klyashtorny S.G., Savinov D.G. Steppe Empires of Ancient Eurasia. St. Petersburg : Filologicheskij fakul’tet SPbGU, 2005. 346 p. (Historical Studies). (In Russ.).

Kononov A. N. The First of Them is the “Türkic” or “Türkic”, which is the Name of a Country of the World among the Turkic Peoples. In: Türkological Collection — 1974. Moscow : Nauka, 1978. Pp. 72–89. (In Russ.).

Korol G. G. Art of Medieval Nomads of Eurasia. Essays. Kemerovo : Kuzbassvuzizdat, 2008. 332 p. (Proceedings of the Siberian Association of Researchers of Primitive Art. V). (In Russ.).

Korol G. G. Possibilities of Methodological Approaches to the Study of Medieval Smallform Topography of Sayan-Altai. In: Creator of Culture. Material Culture and Spiritual Space of Man in the Light of Archaeology, History and Ethnography. St. Petersburg : IIMK RAN, 2021. Pp. 475–486. (Proceedings of IIMC RAN. Vol. LVII). (In Russ.).

Koshelenko G. A., Gaibov V. A. The Cult of Kings in the Hellenistic East. In: Adaptation of Peoples and Cultures to Environmental, Social and Technogenic Transformations. Moscow: Rossijskaya politicheskaya enciklopediya (ROSSPEN), 2010. 544 p. (In Russ.).

Kubarev G. V. The Culture of Ancient Turks of Altai (on materials of funerary sites). Novosibirsk: Izd-vo In-ta arheologii i etnografi i SO RAN, 2005. 400 p. (In Russ.).

Kubatin A. V. System of Titles in the Turkic Kaganate: Genesis and Succession. Tashkent : Yangi nashr, 2016. 192 p. (In Russ.).

Kyzlasov I. L. To the History of Artistic Metalwork in South Siberia. The Iron Cutting. In: Medieval Urban Culture of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Alma-Ata : Nauka, 1983. Pp. 120–130. (In Russ.).

Kyzlasov L. R. Northern Manichaeism and its Role in the Cultural Development of the

Peoples of Siberia and Central Asia. In: Discovery of the State Religion of Ancient Khakasses. Moscow ; Abakan : B. i., 1999. Pp. 10–41. (In Russ.).

Kyzlasov L. R., Korol G. G. Decorative Art of Medieval Khakasses as a Historical Source. Moscow : Nauka, 1990. 216 p. (In Russ.).

Kychanov E. I. The History of Ancient and Medieval States Bordering China (From the Huns to the Manchus). 2nd ed., revised and supplemented. St. Petersburg : Peterburgskoe lingvisticheskoe obshchestvo, 2010. 364 p. (In Russ.).

Kühner N. V. Chinese News of the Peoples of South Siberia, Central Asia and the Far East. Moscow : Izd-vo Vostochnoj literatury, 1961. 392 p. (In Russ.).

Liu Maotsai. Information about Ancient Turks in Medieval Chinese Sources. Translated from German. V.N. Dobzhansky and L.N. Ermolenko. Moscow : Institut vostokovedeniya RAN, 2002. 126 p. (In Russ.).

Malov S. E. Monuments of the Ancient Turkic Script. Texts and Studies. Moscow ; Leningrad: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1951. 92 p. (In Russ.).

Malov S. E. Monuments of the Old Turkic Script of Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan. Moscow ; Leningrad : Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1959. 112 p. (In Russ.).

Marshak B. I. History of Oriental Toreutics in the 3rd — 13th Centuries and the Problems of Cultural Continuity. St. Petersburg : Akademiya issledovaniya kul’tury, 2017. 736 p. (In Russ.).

Mitko O. A., Teterin Yu. V. On Cultural-Diff erentiating Features of Ancient Turkic Burials in the Middle Yenisei. In: Siberia in the Panorama of the Millennia. Vol. 1. Novosibirsk : Izdvo In-ta arheologii i etnografi i SO RAN, 1998. Pp. 396-409. (In Russ.).

Mikhaylov D. A. Gnoseological Nature of a Funerary Site. In: Antiquity: Historical Knowledge and Source Specifi city. Issue IV. Moscow : Institut vostokovedeniya RAN, 2009. Pp. 95–97. (In Russ.).

Pugachenkova G. A., Rempel L. I. History of Arts of Uzbekistan from Ancient Times to the Middle of the 19th century. Moscow : Iskusstvo, 1965. 688 p. (In Russ.).

Savinov D. G. The Peoples of South Siberia in the Old Turkic Epoch. Leningrad : Izd-vo Lenigrad. un-ta, 1984. 174 p. (In Russ.).

Savinov D. G. The Ancient Türkic Tribes in the Mirror of Archaeology. In: Klyashtorny S.G., Savinov D.G. Steppe Empires of Ancient Eurasia. St. Petersburg : Filologicheskij fakul’tet SPbGU, 2005. 346 p. (Historical Studies). (In Russ.).

Samashev Z. Ancient Turkic Cult-memorial Complex in Eastern Kazakhstan. In: Esik readings. Almaty : Қazaқ universitetі, 2021. Pp. 6–45. (In Russ.).

Samashev Z., Aitkali A. K., Tolegenov E. To a Question on Sacralization of an Image of the Hagan. Povolzhskaya arheologiya = Volga Archaeology. 2022;2(40):21–34. (In Russ.).

Samashev Z., Tsevendorzh D., Ongaruly A., Chotbaev A. Ancient Turkic Cult-Memorial Complex Shiveet Ulaan. Astana : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2016. 272 p. (In Russ.).

Stebleva I. V. The Türkic System of the Ancient Turkic Religious-Mythological System. In: Türkological Collection — 1971. Moscow : Nauka, 1972. Pp. 213–226. (In Russ.).

Teterin Yu. V. Ancient Turkic Burials of Markelov Mys I Cemetery. In: Monuments of Old Turkic culture in Sayan-Altai and Central Asia. Novosibirsk : Novosibirskij universitet, 2000. Pp. 27–54. (In Russ.).

Tishin V. V. Fragment of the Chinese Source on Turkic Titulature (translation and commentary). Vostok = Oriens. 2019;3:130–150. (In Russ.).

Tishin V. V. Some Issues of Studying the Funeral Rites of the Nomads of the Ancient Turkic Circle: New Solutions in the Light of Written Sources. Altaistics, Turcology, Mongolistics.2021;3:22–63. (In Russ.).

Torlanbaeva K. E. The Institute of Kagan Power (Second East-Turkic Kaganate): autoref. Candidate of Historical Sciences. Almaty, 2003. 25 p. (In Russ.).

Trever K. V. The New “Sasanian” Saucer of the Hermitage (from the history of the cultures of the peoples of Central Asia). In: Studies on the History of the Cultures of the Peoples of the East. Moscow ; Leningrad : Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1960. Pp. 256–270. (In Russ.).

Trepavlov V. V. In the Case of the Mongolian Empire and the Nomadic World. The Chief and the Priest in the Epic Folklore of the Turkic-Mongolian Peoples: Some Features of the Traditional Organization of Power among the Nomads. In: The Mongol Empire and the Nomadic World. Ulan-Ude : Izd-vo BNC SO RAN, 2004. Pp. 76–100. (In Russ.).