STRATIGRAPHY OF THE IMENKOVSKAY CULTURE SETTLEMENT OF THE KAZAN VOLGA REGION
Abstract
The article explores the stratigraphy of the IX excavation at the Tetushi II settlement in Tatarstan. The settlement dates back to the Bronze Age, the Early Iron Age and the Middle Ages. The author describes the cultural layer of Imenkovskaya archaeological culture of the 5th – 7th centuries AD. In this excavation, the layers related to Imenkovskaya culture were formed in the 6th – 7th centuries. In this period there was a production site, where metallurgical furnaces were located, and later – pits for melting metal. This is the firstindustrial metallurgical complex, investigated in excavation in the territory of Tatarstan. The stratigraphy of this site is unique. It was possible to trace a successive change of production facilities, and the constructions that had been built before them. Near the furnaces and melting pits were found a large number of fragments of crucibles for melting non-ferrous metal, including the ones with traces of metal on the crucibles’ walls. Copper wires and slags were found, as well as a large number of parts from the destroyed furnaces. All this confirms the hypothesis that there was a metallurgical center which functioned for a long time. In addition, the history of this section of the cultural layer of the Tetushi II settlement and the researched objects was restored. Among such constructions is an interesting engineering structure (pit 5), built on the slope of the ravine, even before the mines were built there. The material published is important from the methodological point of view, since the stratigraphy of the Imenkovskaya culture sites has not been researched so far.
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