SARGARINSKO-ALEKSEEVSKAYA CERAMICS OF THE LATE BRONZE AGE OF THE KALINOVKA-II SETTLEMENT (FOREST-STEPPE ALTAI)
Abstract
The article reflects the results of a comprehensive study of the Sargarinsko-Aleksevskaya ceramics of the Kalinovka-II settlement (Eastern Kulunda). The authors analyzed the forms of vessels, ornamentation techniques, ornamental schemes, raw materials and molding masses. As a result, it was determined that the main part of the ceramics of the collection is pots. The presence of nonnumerous vessels of jar and jug-shaped forms is noted. The ceramics were decorated mainly along the neck area, less often at the shoulders. The use of six methods of applying the ornament is noted: molding, stamping, finger technique, notching, cutting and extrusion. The use of 42 ornamental motifs has been recorded. The most popular are rollers without additional decor, rows of finger prints, a herringbone of smooth stamp impressions, rows of slanted smooth stamp impressions, a horizontal herringbone roller of smooth stamp impressions and a collar with a belt of slanted impressions of the same stamp. Ornamental compositions are dominated by patterns consisting of only one motif. An analysis of the raw materials showed that vessels made from medium-ferruginous clay with fine sand (less than 0.1 mm) in high concentration predominate. Seven recipes for compiling molding masses have been identified. The tradition of adding fireclay prevails, a mixture of skills in the use of mineral impurities is recorded. Comparison of the obtained results with the materials of the settlements of the steppe and forest-steppe Altai (Zharkovo-3, Rublevo-VI, Burla-3) shows a significant similarity in the forms of vessels, ornamentation and preparation of molding masses. The studied series is similar to the ceramics of the sites of Central Kazakhstan by the similarity of forms and ornamentation, as well as the presence of a recipe that reflects the mixing of cultural traditions in the use of mineral impurities. In general, the Sargarinsko-Alekseevskaya ceramics of the Kalinovka-II settlement, as well as other sites of Altai and Kazakhstan, reflects similar processes that took place in these territories, interpenetration and contacts of the population.
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