«Узреть духовную родину христиан»: прошения паломниц в Святую Землю как источник изучения общественных представлений конца XIX — начала ХХ в.
Статья боковой панели
Опубликован:
июл 5, 2026
Ключевые слова:
Святая Земля, Палестина, Иерусалим, паломничество, паломнические прошения, Императорское Православное Палестинское общество, общественные представления, гендерные исследования
Основное содержание статьи
Аннотация
В статье анализируются структура, содержание прошений о содействии в паломничестве в Святую Землю (Палестину) православных россиян за период с 1882 по 1914 г., направлявшиеся в канцелярию Императорского Православного Палестинского общества. Отмечено, что прошения поступали преимущественно от малоимущих представителей города и деревни, большинство из которых составляли женщины. Делается вывод, что как количество прошений, так и география местожительства их авторов в течение рассматриваемого периода расширялись. Указано, что в содержании анализируемых источников отразились представления о государстве, персонифицированном в членах царствующей семьи, составлявшие одну из традиционных черт менталитета простых россиян. Мотивами паломничества, заявленными в прошениях, являлись преимущественно обеты по болезни и выздоровлении, стремление к духовному обновлению. Авторы не только просят о помощи, но и взамен предлагают своими молитвами или конкретными действиями компенсировать понесенные расходы. Отмечена взаимосвязь между началом распространения в России сведений о святых местах Востока епархиальными отделами Императорского Православного Палестинского общества путем устройства публичных чтений и ростом числа желающих отправиться в Святую Землю в паломничество.
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Детали статьи
Как цитировать
Цысь, О., & Цысь, В. (2026). «Узреть духовную родину христиан»: прошения паломниц в Святую Землю как источник изучения общественных представлений конца XIX — начала ХХ в. НАРОДЫ И РЕЛИГИИ ЕВРАЗИИ, 31(2), 311-325. https://doi.org/10.14258/nreur(2026)2–13
Раздел
РЕЛИГИОВЕДЕНИЕ И ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-КОНФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
Литература
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Bokatov A.Yu. Evolyutsiya obraza pravoslavnogo palomnika v rossiiskoi periodike vtoroi poloviny XIX v. [The evolution of the image of the Orthodox pilgrim in Russian periodicals of the second half of the 20th century]. Vestnik slavyanskikh kul'tur [Herald of Slavic Cultures]. 2020, vol. 56, pp. 30–44 (in Russian).
Cys' V.V., Cys' O.P. Palomnichestvo zhitelei Zapadnoi Sibiri v Palestinu v kontse XIX — nachale XX v. [Pilgrimage of Western Siberians to Palestine in the Late 19th — Early 20th Century]. Vestnik Pravoslavnogo Svyato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Seriya II: Istoriya. Istoriya Russkoi Pravoslavnoi Tserkvi [Bulletin of the Orthodox St. Tikhon’s Humanitarian University. Series II: History. History of the Russian Orthodox Church]. 2014, no. 6, pp. 73–90 (in Russian).
Glas russkogo pastyrya vo Svyatoi Zemle, ili rechi i poucheniya, skazannye poklonnikam v raznykh mestakh Palestiny palomnikom Khar'kovskoi gubernii Svyashchennikom Aleksandrom Anisimovym [The Voice of the Russian Shepherd in the Holy Land, or Speeches and Teachings Said to Worshipers in Different Places in Palestine by the Pilgrim of the Kharkov Province, Priest Alexander Anisimov]. Izyum: tip. B. M. Nutisa, 1883. 206 p. (in Russian).
Kail' M.V. Kak provintsialy imperatorskoi Rossii na Svyatuyu Zemlyu puteshestvovali: tipichnoe palomnichestvo v dokumentakh Tsentral'nogo istoricheskogo arkhiva Sankt-Peterburga [How the provincials of imperial Russia traveled to the Holy Land: a typical pilgrimage in the documents of the Central Historical Archive of St. Petersburg]. Khristianstvo na Blizhnem Vostoke [Christianity in the Middle East]. 2020, no 4, pp. 57–65 (in Russian).
Kirichenko O. V. Zhenskoe pravoslavnoe podvizhnichestvo (XIX — seredina XX v.) [Women's Orthodox asceticism (19th — mid-20th century)]. Moscow: Alekseevskaya pustyn', 2010, 637 p. (in Russian).
Mironov B. N. Sotsial'naya istoriya Rossii perioda imperii (XVII — nachalo XX v.) v 2 t. [Social history of Russia during the imperial period (17th — early 20th century) in 2 volumes]. St. Petersburg: «Dmitrij Bulanin» publ., 2000, 568 p. (in Russian).
O russkom palomnichestve v Svyatuyu zemlyu i Imperatorskom Pravoslavnom Palestinskom Obshchestve. Soobshchenie, prochitannoe 27 fevralya v Poltavskom sobore [On the Russian pilgrimage to the Holy Land and the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society. A message read on February 27 in the Poltava Cathedral]. Poltavskie gubernskie vedomosti [Poltava Provincial Gazette]. 1900, 5 March, no 51, p. 2 (in Russian).
Rubin Rehav. Svidetel'stva nerossiiskikh istochnikov o russkom palomnichestve v Ierusalim v XIX veke [Evidence from non-Russian sources about Russian pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the 19th century]. Pravoslavnyi Palestinskii sbornik [Orthodox Palestine Collection]. Moscow: Indrik, 2007, vol. 105. pp. 184–191 (in Russian).
Russkie krest'yane. Zhizn'. Byt. Nravy: materialy "Ehtnograficheskogo byuro" knyazya V.N. Tenisheva. Tom 7: Novgorodskaya guberniya. Chast’ 2. Cherepovetskii uezd [Russian peasants. Life. Everyday life. Customs: materials of the "Ethnographic Bureau" of Prince V.N. Tenishev. Vol. 7: Novgorod province. Part 2. Cherepovets district]. St. Petersburg: Navigator, 2009, 624 p. (in Russian).
Voobrazhaya Palestinu: Svyataya zemlya i russkaya identichnost' v XIX — nachale XXI v.: kollektivnaya monografiya [Imagining Palestine: The Holy Land and Russian Identity in the 19th — Early 21st Century: Collective Monograph]. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, 2021, 776 p. (in Russian).
Zhitenev S.Ju. Istoriya razvitiya palomnichestva russkikh pravoslavnykh bogomol'tsev v Svyatuyu Zemlyu v XIX — nachale XX veka [History of the development of pilgrimage of Russian Orthodox pilgrims to the Holy Land in the 19th — early 20th centuries]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo fonda fundamental'nykh issledovanii. Gumanitarnye i obshchestvennye nauki [Bulletin of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Humanities and social sciences]. 2024, no 3, pp. 112–122 (in Russian).
Zhitenev S.Ju. Russkoe pravoslavnoe palomnichestvo v Svyatuyu Zemlyu i deyatel'nost' IPPO [Russian Orthodox Pilgrimage to the Holy Land and the Activities of the IOPS]. Khristianstvo na Blizhnem Vostoke [Christianity in the Middle East]. 2021, vol. 5, no 2, pp. 5–21 (in Russian).
Merlo S. Travels of Russians to the Holy Land in the 19th century. Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History: Journal of Fondazione CDECM. 2013, no. 6, Dec., pp. 48–67.
Stavrou T.G., Weisensel P.R. Russian Travelers to the Christian East from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century. Columbus, OH: Slavica Publishers, Inc., 1985, 925 p.
Arkhiv vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi imperii (AVPRI) [Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI)]. Fund 337/2. Inventory 1. File 695 (in Russian).
Arkhiv vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi imperii (AVPRI) [Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI)]. Fund 337/2. Inventory 1. File 696 (in Russian).
Arkhiv vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi imperii (AVPRI) [Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI)]. Fund 337/2. Inventory 1. File 698 (in Russian).
Arkhiv vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi imperii (AVPRI) [Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI)]. Fund 337/2. Inventory 13. File 357 (in Russian).
Baldin K.E. Russkie v Svyatoi zemle: palomnicheskie dnevniki kak istochnik [Russians in the Holy Land: Pilgrimage Diaries as a Source]. Labirint: zhurnal sotsial'no-gumanitarnykh issledovanii [Labyrinth: Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research]. 2013, no 2, pp. 45–52 (in Russian).
Bokatov A.Yu. Evolyutsiya obraza pravoslavnogo palomnika v rossiiskoi periodike vtoroi poloviny XIX v. [The evolution of the image of the Orthodox pilgrim in Russian periodicals of the second half of the 20th century]. Vestnik slavyanskikh kul'tur [Herald of Slavic Cultures]. 2020, vol. 56, pp. 30–44 (in Russian).
Cys' V.V., Cys' O.P. Palomnichestvo zhitelei Zapadnoi Sibiri v Palestinu v kontse XIX — nachale XX v. [Pilgrimage of Western Siberians to Palestine in the Late 19th — Early 20th Century]. Vestnik Pravoslavnogo Svyato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Seriya II: Istoriya. Istoriya Russkoi Pravoslavnoi Tserkvi [Bulletin of the Orthodox St. Tikhon’s Humanitarian University. Series II: History. History of the Russian Orthodox Church]. 2014, no. 6, pp. 73–90 (in Russian).
Glas russkogo pastyrya vo Svyatoi Zemle, ili rechi i poucheniya, skazannye poklonnikam v raznykh mestakh Palestiny palomnikom Khar'kovskoi gubernii Svyashchennikom Aleksandrom Anisimovym [The Voice of the Russian Shepherd in the Holy Land, or Speeches and Teachings Said to Worshipers in Different Places in Palestine by the Pilgrim of the Kharkov Province, Priest Alexander Anisimov]. Izyum: tip. B. M. Nutisa, 1883. 206 p. (in Russian).
Kail' M.V. Kak provintsialy imperatorskoi Rossii na Svyatuyu Zemlyu puteshestvovali: tipichnoe palomnichestvo v dokumentakh Tsentral'nogo istoricheskogo arkhiva Sankt-Peterburga [How the provincials of imperial Russia traveled to the Holy Land: a typical pilgrimage in the documents of the Central Historical Archive of St. Petersburg]. Khristianstvo na Blizhnem Vostoke [Christianity in the Middle East]. 2020, no 4, pp. 57–65 (in Russian).
Kirichenko O. V. Zhenskoe pravoslavnoe podvizhnichestvo (XIX — seredina XX v.) [Women's Orthodox asceticism (19th — mid-20th century)]. Moscow: Alekseevskaya pustyn', 2010, 637 p. (in Russian).
Mironov B. N. Sotsial'naya istoriya Rossii perioda imperii (XVII — nachalo XX v.) v 2 t. [Social history of Russia during the imperial period (17th — early 20th century) in 2 volumes]. St. Petersburg: «Dmitrij Bulanin» publ., 2000, 568 p. (in Russian).
O russkom palomnichestve v Svyatuyu zemlyu i Imperatorskom Pravoslavnom Palestinskom Obshchestve. Soobshchenie, prochitannoe 27 fevralya v Poltavskom sobore [On the Russian pilgrimage to the Holy Land and the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society. A message read on February 27 in the Poltava Cathedral]. Poltavskie gubernskie vedomosti [Poltava Provincial Gazette]. 1900, 5 March, no 51, p. 2 (in Russian).
Rubin Rehav. Svidetel'stva nerossiiskikh istochnikov o russkom palomnichestve v Ierusalim v XIX veke [Evidence from non-Russian sources about Russian pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the 19th century]. Pravoslavnyi Palestinskii sbornik [Orthodox Palestine Collection]. Moscow: Indrik, 2007, vol. 105. pp. 184–191 (in Russian).
Russkie krest'yane. Zhizn'. Byt. Nravy: materialy "Ehtnograficheskogo byuro" knyazya V.N. Tenisheva. Tom 7: Novgorodskaya guberniya. Chast’ 2. Cherepovetskii uezd [Russian peasants. Life. Everyday life. Customs: materials of the "Ethnographic Bureau" of Prince V.N. Tenishev. Vol. 7: Novgorod province. Part 2. Cherepovets district]. St. Petersburg: Navigator, 2009, 624 p. (in Russian).
Voobrazhaya Palestinu: Svyataya zemlya i russkaya identichnost' v XIX — nachale XXI v.: kollektivnaya monografiya [Imagining Palestine: The Holy Land and Russian Identity in the 19th — Early 21st Century: Collective Monograph]. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, 2021, 776 p. (in Russian).
Zhitenev S.Ju. Istoriya razvitiya palomnichestva russkikh pravoslavnykh bogomol'tsev v Svyatuyu Zemlyu v XIX — nachale XX veka [History of the development of pilgrimage of Russian Orthodox pilgrims to the Holy Land in the 19th — early 20th centuries]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo fonda fundamental'nykh issledovanii. Gumanitarnye i obshchestvennye nauki [Bulletin of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Humanities and social sciences]. 2024, no 3, pp. 112–122 (in Russian).
Zhitenev S.Ju. Russkoe pravoslavnoe palomnichestvo v Svyatuyu Zemlyu i deyatel'nost' IPPO [Russian Orthodox Pilgrimage to the Holy Land and the Activities of the IOPS]. Khristianstvo na Blizhnem Vostoke [Christianity in the Middle East]. 2021, vol. 5, no 2, pp. 5–21 (in Russian).
Merlo S. Travels of Russians to the Holy Land in the 19th century. Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History: Journal of Fondazione CDECM. 2013, no. 6, Dec., pp. 48–67.
Stavrou T.G., Weisensel P.R. Russian Travelers to the Christian East from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century. Columbus, OH: Slavica Publishers, Inc., 1985, 925 p.