ECOLOGICAL AND INTRASPECIFIC FEATURES OF ALKALOIDS CONTENT AND COMPOSITION IN THE EPI-GEAL PART OF CHAMAECYTISUS RUTHENICUS (FISCH. EX WOLOSZCZ.) KLASKOVA, GROWING IN THE SOUTHERN URAL
Abstract
The content and composition of alkaloids in the epigeal part of two ecological forms of Chamaecytisus ruthenicus var. ruthenicus growing in Southern Ural (the wood form and two steppe – the Zilairsky plateau and Preural steppe) and Ch. ruthenicus var. Syreiszczikowii version were investigated by GC/MS methods. It was shown that the content of total alkaloids in the stems of this specie is higher than in the flowers with leaves and considerably depends on the conditions of growth.
Quinolizidine alkaloids such as sparteine, 12-N-metilmethylcytisine, N-formylcytisine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, 17-oksosparteine, sophokarpine, d-lupanine, 17-oksolupanin and pyridine alkaloid ammodendrine were identified among alkaloids of the mention above ecological forms of Ch. ruthenicus var. ruthenicus and Ch. ruthenicus var. Syreiszczikowii. d-Lupanine, 17-oksosparteine and sparteine are the dominating alkaloids of the stems and leaves with flowers of all studied samples. d-Lupanine is a major alkaloid of stems of a typical version of a Russian broom, and 17-oksosparteine of a Ch. ruthenicus var. Syreiszczikowii. It was shown, that d-lupanine is the major component of all samples except the stems of Preural steppe form of Ch. ruthenicus var. ruthenicus and the stems of Ch. ruthenicus var. Syreiszczikowii. The 17-oxosparteine prevails in two last samples mentioned above. The high maintenance of spparteine is fixed in stems of steppe form of Ch. ruthenicus var. ruthenicus, collected in Preural.
Sophokarpine contains only in the wood form and the Preural steppe population of the typical version Ch. ruthenicus, and the 12-N-methylcytisine and 17-oksolupanine are found in the sample of leaves and flowers of the wood form of the Russian broom. 5,6-Dehydrolupanine and N-formylcytisine are found in the stems of Ch. ruthenicus var. Syreiszczikowii and in the stems of the Preural population of the steppe form of the typical variety. The pyridine alkaloid ammodendrine is found only in stems of the wood form of the Russian broom.
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