RESEARCH OF THE LEAVES OF RHODODENDRON LUTEUM SWEET AS A SOURCE OF GRYANOTOXIN III
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Abstract
Grayan diterpenoids are a group of secondary metabolites of the Ericaceae family that deserve special attention, because their biosynthesis, in particular in rhododendrons, has a chemotaxonomic unity and species specificity. Leaves of yellow rhododendron (Rhododendron luteum Sweet), growing in the territory of the Russian Federation, have not been previously considered as a source of obtaining individual grayanotoxins (GTX). The purpose of the study is to study the leaves of yellow rhododendron as a source of GTX III. The methods of liquid extraction, IR spectrometry, UV spectrophotometry, column chromatography, HPLC were used in the work. According to the results of the experiment, the conditions for obtaining GTX III from the leaves of yellow rhododendron were chosen - this is a combination of the liquid extraction method (extractant - ethyl alcohol 95%; hydromodule – 1 : 10; number of extraction stages – 2; extraction time at each stage – 2 hours with a reflux condenser; extraction temperature – 78±2 °С) and column chromatography (stationary phase – silica gel-60 for chromatography; mobile phase for elution “chloroform-methanol 9 : 1”; volume of each fraction – 10 ml). Precipitation of the target compound was carried out from fraction 14 at a temperature of -20 °C for 24 hours. Under the conditions described, one Grayan-type compound with a melting point of 219 °С was obtained, having a retention time of about 48 minutes under HPLC analysis conditions. As a result of analysis by IR spectrometry, it was found that the resulting compound is GTX III.
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