THE STUDY OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FATTY OIL FROM THE SEEDS OF SILYBUM MARIANUM (L.) GAERTN.
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. – Milk thistle (The family Asteraceae Dumort) distributed in almost all botanical-geographical regions of Azerbaijan grows from lowlands to middle mountain zone on dry slopes, fallow lands, along roads and on the edge of crops. In many regions of Azerbaijan it has great natural resources. In this article resulting physical and chemical properties, composition and content of the seed oil fatty acids of milk thistle. Seeds were prepared in Shamakhi region of Azerbaijan Republic. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the composition of fatty acid methyl esters determined on chromatograph "HP" 6890 series with a flame ionization detector. 100 meter «Agilent 112-88A7» capillary column was used for separation. Temperature mode loudspeakers programmed as follows: initial temperature 140 °C – 5 min, stable temperature rise 4 °C / min to 240 °C – 15 min stably. Duration of analysis 45 min. H2 carrier gas, injection – split. The study established that it comprises 9 fatty acids. The main part of fatty acids comprise linoleic (46,1%) and oleic acid (32,9%). The remainder of the fatty acids accounted for palmitic (9,0%), stearic (5,5%), linolenic (3,3%), linolenic (2,1%), eykozinovoy (0,8%) and myristic (0,1%). As a result of the physical and chemical analyzes, it was found that a fatty oil obtained from the seeds of Silybum marianum has the following characteristics: 199,4 saponification value, the amount of free fatty acids, 2,5%, peroxide value 3,9, iodine value of 116,7, a weight the proportion of phosphorous 208,0 mg/kg, the amount of wax in the 292 mg/kg.
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References
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