CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF ARTEMISIA SCOPARIA WALDST.ET KIT. FROM TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY
Abstract
Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit. is an annual or biennial plant, widely spread on Transbaikal Territory. We have attempted to identify the leading factor affecting on the composition of essential oil in this article. Raw materials were collected during field works in 2014-2016 on the territory of Buryatia and on Transbaikal Territory. Essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method from air-dried raw materials. The chemical composition of the oil was analyzed by chromatography-mass spectrometry. According to the composition of the components the studied oils referred to a chemotype containing monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds as the main components. β-Myrcene, limonene, α- and β-pinenes, α- and β-farnesenes, caryophyllene, α-copaene, spathulenol were identified almost in all samples except one, and p-cymol, γ-terpinene, humulene, caryophyllene oxide were found in most of them.
The variety of identified components of oils was associated with the secondary transformation of terpenes, the components of oils were representatives of 19 structural types of compounds. The composition of essential oils of Artemisia scoparia from Transbaikal Territory was characterized by a high content of sesquiterpene compounds.
The humidity mainly influenced on the composition of essential oils. Mostly accumulation of sesquiterpene compounds occurred in essential oils of plants growing in ecotopes with sufficient humidity, and monoterpenes - in places with less humidity.
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