STUDY OF THE FEATURES OF REACTIONS FOR OBTAINING LOW-MOLECULAR CHITOSAN
UDC 547.99
Abstract
The reaction of radical depolymerization in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was studied with a chitosan sample with a degree of polymerization of 926, a molecular weight of 150 kDa, and a polydispersity index of 2.25. The reaction was carried out in the presence of Cu(CH3COO)2 (0.096 mg/ml), hydrogen peroxide solutions with different concentrations (9.0–1.0%), at a temperature of 60 °C for 10–60 min, and as a result of the reaction, low-molecular samples of chitosan and chitooligosaccharides with different molecular parameters and a yield of 6.4–83.4% were obtained. It was shown that as a result of the depolymerization reaction with hydrogen peroxide solutions with a low concentration, samples with low values of the degree of polymerization, polydispersity index and a high yield are obtained. It was found that in order to obtain low-molecular water-soluble chitosan samples, the reaction is advisable to carry out with a 3.0% hydrogen peroxide solution for 30–40 minutes. The structure of the obtained samples was studied by IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. It was found that the IR spectra of chitosan and its depolymerization products are similar. Absorption in the regions of 1153, 1066 and 1031 cm-1 of the spectrum is due to the stretching vibrations of C-O-C groups, and absorption in the region of 898 cm-1 is characteristic of β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds of chitosan. This indicates that during the radical depolymerization reaction no side reactions such as ring opening, dehydration occur, and the main structure of the polysaccharide chain is preserved. These results indicate that radical depolymerization of chitosan with the participation of hydrogen peroxide occurs due to the rupture of β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds in the polysaccharide chain.
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