FINDS OF FLINTS AT THE GOLDEN HORDE SETTLEMENT OF PODYMALOVO-1 (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS IN 2019)

  • A.I. Tuzbekov Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Email: aituzbekov@gmail.com
  • V.M. Gorozhanin Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Email: gorozhanin@ufaras.ru
DOI_disc_logo https://doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2024)36(3).-04
Keywords: flints, ornamental stones, steel, Podymalovo-1, settlement, Middle Ages, Bashkir Urals, Golden Horde

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the flints found at the Golden Horde settlement of Podymalovo-1 in the Ufimsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2019. The excavations, the total area of which was 50 sq. m, resulted in 10 fragments of stones discovered in the cultural layer. They were initially analyzed for their hardness, color, transparency, luster, chemical composition, etc. It was possible to determine that the stones found at the site are flints, which, due to their strength, high hardness, reddish-brown colour and transparency, were used by the settlers to make jewelry (beads, cameos, etc.). The stones had no traces of processing on the surface, based on that it might be concluded that they most likely represent natural fragments (fractions). Using the comparative method, we further tried to determine the locations of such flints. As a result, local and remote sources were identified. As a result, we divided the sources of the stone material into two groups — local and non-local. The deposit near the city of Saraktash in the Orenburg region was classified as a local source while the Dzhambul region deposits were non-local. Considering that some stones had a translucent reddish tint, colored reddish rims, brownish-yellow rings of Liesegang, we were inclined to believe that the samples found at the settlement were most likely mined in the southern part of Kazakhstan and brought to the settlement for jewelry production. The obtained results confirm our earlier conclusions that the inhabitants of the settlement had stable trade relations with the regions of Central Asia.

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Author Biographies

A.I. Tuzbekov, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Department of Archaeological Heritage of the Southern Urals R.G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Studies Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

V.M. Gorozhanin, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Leading Researcher Institute of Geology Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

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Published
2024-11-13
How to Cite
Tuzbekov A., Gorozhanin V. FINDS OF FLINTS AT THE GOLDEN HORDE SETTLEMENT OF PODYMALOVO-1 (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS IN 2019) // THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 2024. Vol. 36, № 3. P. 62-77 DOI: 10.14258/tpai(2024)36(3).-04. URL: https://journal.asu.ru/tpai/article/view/16211.
Issue
Vol 36 No 3 (2024)
Section
MATERIAL ANALYSIS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

Copyright (c) 2024 А.И. Тузбеков, В.М. Горожанин

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