CROSS-SHAPED MAZAR OF SULTAN ASAN CHINGISOV AND THE BARROW WITH MENHIR IN THE VALLEY OF BESOBA, CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN
Keywords:
Central Kazakhstan, cross-shaped mazar, Besoba, Sultan Asan Chingisov, barrow, Andronovo culture, Begazy-Dandybaev culture, Tasmola culture, menhir
Abstract
The Sites are located near the village of Besoba, Karkaraly district of the Karaganda region. The Mazar is built of adobe brick. Its basis is the central square-shaped structure, on all four sides of which one small room is attached, which makes the entire building cross-shaped. Sultan Asan Chingisov, the grandson of Khan Bukey, the son of the Sultan Barak of the Middle Zhuz, was buried in Mazar with members of his family. According to data related to the biography of this man, the mazar was probably built in the 1870–1880s.The author believes that such mazars of the 19th century were built according to the type of late medieval domed tombs, their form dates back to the cruciform structures of the ancient era. 110 m southeast of the mazar there is an earthen mound of the Bronze Age. The diameter of the rounded mound is 19 m, the height is 1.5 m. The height of the menhir, which has a slightly curved shape, is 1.45 m. Apparently, the stone has traces of processing. Currently, researchers are working on the systematization of data on the menhirs of Central Kazakhstan. Researchers associate the ancient menhirs of Central Kazakhstan with the Begazy-Dandybaev culture of the Late Bronze Age, and the next chronological series with the Tasmolian culture of the Early Iron Age. The mound with menhir, recorded in the Asan tract, has a more archaic appearance and probably belongs to the late stages of the Andronovo community (Nurin culture).
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References
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Bejsenov A.Z., Kukushkin I.A., Dujsenbaj D.B. Besoba, kompleks pamyatnikov [Besoba, a Complex of Sites]. Cakral’naya geografiya Kazahstana: Reestr ob”ektov prirody, arheologii, etnografii i kul’tovoj arhitektury [Sacred Geography of Kazakhstan: Register of Objects of Nature, Archaeology, Ethnography and Religious Architecture]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2017. Issue 1. Pp. 424–429.
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Bөkejhan Ә. Taңdamaly. Izbrannoe [Taңdamaly. Favorites] otv. red. R. Nurgaliev [Ed. By R. Nurgaliev]. Almaty : Kazahskaya enciklopediya, 1995. 478 p.
Varfolomeev V.V. Kent – gorod bronzovogo veka. Novye issledovaniya v epohu nezavisimosti [Kent is a city of the Bronze Age. New Rsearch in the Era of Independence]. Svideteli tysyacheletij: arheologicheskaya nauka Kazahstana za 20 let (1991–2011) [Witnesses of the Millennia: the Archaeological Science of Kazakhstan for 20 years (1991–2011)]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2011. Pp. 85–96.
Istoriya Kazahstana v russkih istochnikah XVI–XX vv. T. VIII. Ch. 1. O pochetnejshih i vliyatel’nejshih ordyncah: alfavitnye, imennye, formulyarnye i posluzhnye spiski. 12 noyabrya 1827 g. – 9 avgusta 1917 g. / sost. B.T. Zhanaev [The History of Kazakhstan in the Russian Sources of the 16th – 20th Centuries. Vol. VIII. Part 1. On the Most Honorable and Influential Horde People: Alphabetical, Nominal, Formulary and Track Records. November 12, 1827 – August 9, 1917 / comp. B.T. Zhanaev]. Almaty : Dajk-press, 2006. 716 p.
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Istoriya Karkaraly v dokumentah i materialah. T. 1. Karkaralinskij vneshnij okrug / sost. A.Z. Bejsenov, M.G. Zhylysbaeva, I.M. Samigulin, D.Zh. Tursynbaev [History of Karkaraly in Documents and Materials. Vol. 2. Karkaraly External District / comp. by A.Z. Beisenov, M.G. Zhylysbaeva I.M. Samigulin, D.Zh. Tursynbayev]. Almaty : Inzhu-Marzhan poligrafiya, 2009. 508 p.
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Konshin N.Ya. Zametki o kirgizskih rodah i sultanah v Karakaralinskom krae [Notes on the Kyrgyz Clans and Sultans in the Karakaraly Region]. Pamyatnaya knizhka Semipalatinskoj oblasti na 1902 god. Vyp. VI [Memorial Book of the Semipalatinsk Region for 1902. Vol. VI]. Semipalatinsk : Tip. Semipalatinskogo obl. pravleniya, 1901. Pp. 41–54.
Materialy po kirgizskomu zemlepol’zovaniyu, sobrannye i razrabotannye ekspediciej po issledovaniyu stepnyh oblastej. T. 6. Semipalatinskaya obl., Karkaralinskij uezd. [Materials on Kyrgyz Land Use, Collected and Developed by an Expedition to Study the Steppe Regions. T. 6. Semipalatinsk region., Karkaraly district]. Sankt-Peterburg : Nadzag., 1905. 1149 s. razd. pag., 2 l. kart.
Omurzakov R.K., Tabuldin G.Zh., Olovincev A.G. Kazahskie hany i potomki [Kazakh Khans andDescendants]. Kokshetau : Mir pechati, 2013. 488 p.
Svod pamyatnikov istorii i kul’tury Kazahstana. T. 1 [The Set of Historical and Cultural Sites of Kazakhstan. Vol. 1]. Almaty : Қazaқ enciklopediyasy, 1994. 368 p.
Smailov Zh.E., Bejsenov A.Z. Issledovanie Kyzylkentskogo dvorca v Central’nom Kazahstane [Study of the Kyzylkent Palace in Central Kazakhstan]. Nekotorye voprosy istorii Kazahstana [Some Issues of the History of Kazakhstan]. Zhezkazagan : ZhezU, 1996. Pp. 58–67.
Smagulov E.A. Gorod Turkestan: pervyj mavzolej nad mogiloj Hodzha Ahmeda Yasavi [The City of Turkestan: the First Mausoleum over the Grave of Khoja Ahmed Yasavi]. Aktual’nye problemy arheologii Evrazii : sbornik materialov Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvyashchennoj 25-letiyu nezavisimosti Respubliki Kazahstan i 25-letiyu Instituta arheologii im. A.H. Margulana (18–19 oktyabrya 2016 g.) [Actual Problems of the Archaeology of Eurasia: a Collection of Materials of the International Scientific-Practical Conference Dedicated to the 25th Anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the 25th Anniversary of the Institute of Archeology named after OH. Margulan (October 18–19, 2016)]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2016. Pp. 487–506.
Smagulov E.A. Drevnij Turkestan: shtrihi k istoricheskomu portretu [Ancient Turkestan: Strokes to a Historical Portrait]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2017. 341 p.
Smagulov E.A., Erzhigitova A.A. Drevnyaya citadel’ goroda Turkestan [The Ancient Citadel of Turkestan]. III Mezhdunarodnyj kongress srednevekovoj arheologii evrazijskih stepej «Mezhdu Vostokom i Zapa dom: dvizhenie kul’tur, tekhnologij i imperij» / otv. red. N.N. Kradin, A.G. Sitdikov [III International Congress of Medieval Archaeology of the Eurasian Steppes “Between East and West: the Movement of Cltures, Technologies and Empires” / ed. By N.N. Kradin, A.G. Sitdikov]. Vladivostok : Dal’nauka, 2017. Pp. 247–252.
Smagulov E.A., Erzhigitova A.A., Torgoev A.I. Otkrytie arheologicheskogo kompleksa citadeli drevnego Yasy/Turkestana [Opening of the Archaeological Complex of the Citadel of Ancient Yasa/Turkestan]. Arheologiya Kazahstana v epohu Nezavisimosti: itogi, perspektivy: sbornik materialov Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii, posvyashchennoj 20-letiyu Nezavisimosti Respubliki Kazahstan i 20-letiyu Instituta arheologii im. A.H. Margulana. Almaty, 12–15 dekabrya 2011 g. [Archaeology of Kazakhstan in the Era of Independence: Results, Prospects: a Collection of Materials of the International Scientific Conference Dedicated to the 20th Anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the 20th Anniversary of the Margulan Institute of Archaeology. Almaty, December 12–15, 2011]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2011. Vol. 3. Pp. 61–71.
Hasanov M. Rasprostranenie krestoobraznoj planirovki v arhitekture Srednej Azii [Distribution of Cruciform Planning in the Architecture of Central Asia]. Arheologiya i istoriya central’noj Azii. K 70-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya akademika Akademii nauk Respubliki Uzbekistan Yu.F. Buryakova / pod red. D.A. Alimovoj, A.A. Anarbaeva [Archaeology and History of Central Asia. On the occasion of the 70th Birthday of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Yu.F. Buryakova / ed. by D.A. Alimova, A.A. Anarbaeva]. Samarkand : Institut arheologii, 2004. Pp. 155–161.
Shashenov D.T., Bejsenov A.Z. Ajranbaj (Beskumbez), mavzolej [Airanbay (Beskumbez), Mausoleum]. Cakral’naya geografiya Kazahstana: Reestr ob”ektov prirody, arheologii, etnografii i kul’tovoj arhitektury [Sacred Geography of Kazakhstan: Register of Objects of Nature, Archaeology, Ethnography and Religious Architecture]. Almaty : Institut arheologii im. A.H. Margulana, 2017. Issue 1. Pp. 381–382.
Beisenov A.Z. Tasmola Culture. Stone Sculptures and Menhirs // Istoriya i arheologiya Turana [History and Archeology of Turan]. 2017. №3. Pp. 59–66.
Қiyat A. Baraқ sұltan әuletі [The Dynasty of Sultan Barak]. Almaty : El shezhіre, 2013. 364 p.
Myrzabaev A. Ysmajyl ata kүmbezі [Ysmajyl ata dome]. Қazaқstan. Ұlttyқ enciklopediya [Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia]. Vol. 9. Almaty : Қazaқ enciklopediyasy, 2007. 644 p.
Әrіnұly A. Ataқonys Arқadaғy – shezhіrelі Қarқaraly. Almaty : Dәuіr, 2003. 224 b. (na kaz. yaz.)
Published
2020-06-18
How to Cite
Beisenov A. CROSS-SHAPED MAZAR OF SULTAN ASAN CHINGISOV AND THE BARROW WITH MENHIR IN THE VALLEY OF BESOBA, CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN // THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 2020. Vol. 30, № 2. P. 77-94 DOI: 10.14258/tpai(2020)2(30).-06. URL: https://journal.asu.ru/tpai/article/view/%2830%29.-06.
Issue
Section
FOREIGN ARCHAEOLOGY
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