“Warrior's grave” in the south-eastern region of Azerbaijan: the Arvana kurgan
Статья боковой панели
Опубликован:
мар 26, 2026
Ключевые слова:
Talysh-Mugan culture, Late Bronze-Early Iron Ages, stone box kurgan, pottery, weapons, chronology
Основное содержание статьи
Аннотация
The paper deals with a kurgan of the same name, excavated near the village of Arvana, Yardimly district. The kurgan is of 5 m diameter. It was arranged by cromlech of large boulders around it. 8 ceramic vessels, 1 bronze ring and 1 bronze dagger were placed in the grave. On the eastern side of the grave, on the top of the dishes animal bones was found. And beneath them human skeletons were revealed.
The Talysh-Mugan culture is characterized by large dolmen-like crypts, stone box graves and kurgans in the mountainous area, as well as cemeteries consisting of kurgans and earthen graves in the plain area. The existence of this culture in the form of two local groups is probably due to natural geographical conditions and other reasons.
Archaeological materials characteristic of the Khojaly-Gedabey culture, synchronous with the Talysh-Mugan culture, were also discovered in the Arvana kurgan. This typicality shows that the hereditary connection between the various cultures of the Late Bronze — Early Iron Ages is chronologically complementary.
According to a comparative analysis, the monument can be attributed to the second stage of the Talysh-Mugan culture — that is, 11th-10th centuries BC.
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Детали статьи
Как цитировать
Agalarzade, A. (2026). “Warrior’s grave” in the south-eastern region of Azerbaijan: the Arvana kurgan. НАРОДЫ И РЕЛИГИИ ЕВРАЗИИ, 31(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.14258/nreur(2026)1-01
Раздел
АРХЕОЛОГИЯ И ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
Литература
Agaev G. G. Shakhtakhty v epokhu pozdnei bronzy i rannego zheleza [Shakhtakti in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages]. Baku; Moscow: 2002, 200 p. (in Russian).
Guseynova M. A. Keramika pozdnei bronzy Azerbaidzhana opredelyayushchei komponent Khodzhaly-Kedabekskoi kul'tury [Late Bronze Age ceramics of Azerbaijan, a defining component of the Khojaly-Gadabey culture]. Saleh Qaziyevin anadan olmasinin 100 illiyina hasr edilan elmi sessiyanin materiallari [Materials of the scientific session dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Saleh Gaziyev]. Baku: Science, 1994, pp. 107-109 (in Russian).
Daniyelyan O. A. Bronzovye kinzhaly iz pamyatnikov Khodzhaly-Kedabekskoi kul'tury [Bronze daggers from the Khojaly-Gedabay cultural monuments]. Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati (AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1987, vol. 10, pp. 22-35 (in Russian).
Dzhafarzade I. M. Elementy arkheologicheskoy kul'tury drevney Mugani [Elements of the archaeological culture of ancient Mughan]. Azarbaycan SSR EA Xabarlari (umumi elmlar seriyasi) [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR (general sciences series)]. 1946, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 21-51 (in Russian).
Kesamanly G. P. Khachbulagskiy kurgan s massovym zakhoroneniyem [Khachbulag burial mound with a mass grave]. Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati (AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1976, vol. 8, pp. 46-75 (in Russian).
Kesamanly G. P., Gusejnova M. A. Pogrebal'nyye pamyatniki sel. Khoshbulag, issledovannye v 1974 g. [Funeral monuments of the village of Khoshbulag, investigated in 1974.] Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati(AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1993, vol. 11, pp. 21-28 (in Russian).
Kirichenko D. A. Kleimeniye i dekapitatsiya u drevnikh plemena yuga Azerbaidzhana. [Branding and decapitation among the ancient tribes of southern Azerbaijan]. Vestnik Muzeya Arkheologii i Etnografii Permskogo Predural'ya [Bulletin of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Perm Cis-Urals]. 2020, iss. X, pp. 40-47 (in Russian).
Makhmudov F. R. Talysh-Muganskaya kul'tura. [Talysh-Mugan culture]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. 2017, no. 2, pp. 1520 (In Russian).
Nadzhafov Sh. N., Asadov V. A. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki epokhi bronzy i rannego zheleza Zayamchaiskogo basseina Shamkirskogo rayona [Archaeological monuments of the Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Zayamchay basin of the Shamkir region]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. 2017, no. 2, pp. 3-21 (in Russian).
Buried in kurgan No. 1 near the village of Arvana about Late Bronze Age. URL: www. ancestralwhispers.org (acessed at: 30 October, 2024).
Jahani V. Archaeology of Deilaman. Archaeological investigations at the Archaeological Sites of Yasan (Kaferestan). Gilan: Bloor, 2014, 289 p.
Jahani V. Manifestation of the Iron I Culture in the Polerud Basin: An archaeological investigation of the Qaleh-Garden, Bouyeh and Tukamjan Cemeteries. Bulletin of the Okayama Orient Museum. 2011, vol. 25, pp. 31-58.
Khalatbari M. R. Archaeological investigations in Talesh, Gilan-1. Excavations at Toul-e-Gilan. Gilan: 2004a, 183 p.
Khalatbari M. R. Archaeological investigations in Talesh, Gilan-2. Excavations at Vaske and Mianrud. Rasht: 2004b, 240 p.
Agalarzada A. M. (ed.) Mugan arxeoloji medeniyyeti: Uzuntepe abideleri kompleksi [Mughan archaeological culture: Uzuntepe monuments complex]. Baku, 2017, 23 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Agalarzada A. M. Azerbaycanin cenub-sherq bolgesinin tunc dovru kurganlari (Yardimli rayonunun materiallari esasinda) [Bronze Age burial mounds of the southeastern region of Azerbaijan (based on materials from the Yardimli region)]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasina dair tadqiqatlar. Q. Qofqarhnin 70 illiyina hasr olunmu§ maqalalar toplusu [Research on Azerbaijani archaeology. Collection of articles dedicated to the 70th anniversary of G. Goshgarli]. Baku, 2017, pp. 55-68 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Lerik rayonunun Son Tunc-Erken Demir dovru qebir abidelerinden Jak de Morganin ashkar etdiyi silahlar haqqinda [About the weapons discovered by Jacques de Morgan from the Late Bronze-Early Iron Age grave monuments of the Lerik region]. AMEA-nin Xabarlari — ictimai elmlar seriyasi [ANAS News — Social Sciences Series]. Baku, 2018, vol. 2, pp. 106-113 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Lerik rayonunun Son Tunc-Ilk Demir dovru qebir abideleri ve defn adetleri (Fransiz arxeoloqu Jak de Morganin qazintilari esasinda etno-arxeoloji tedqiqat) [Late Bronze-Early Iron Age grave monuments and burial customs of the Lerik region
(ethno-archaeological research based on the excavations of the French archaeologist Jacques de Morgan)]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography] Baku, 2017, vol. 2, pp. 22-38 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Sarybulaq kurganlary [Saribulag burial mounds]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. Baku, 2018, vol. 2, pp. 3-15 (in Azerbaijani).
Agayev Q. H. ^axtaxti: tarixi-arxeoloji tadqiqat [Shakhtakhti: historical-archaeological research.]. Baku: Science and Education, 2019, 176 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Bax§aliyev V. B. Naxgvanin erkan damir dovru madaniyyati [Early Iron Age culture of Nakhchivan]. Baku: Science, 2002, 128 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Slakbarov A. i., Szizov T. H. Kohna Qi§laqda arxeoloji tapintilar [Archaeological finds in Old Qishlag]. Saleh Qaziyevin anadan olmasinin 100 illiyina hasr edilan elmi sessiyanin materiallari [Materials of the scientific session dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Saleh Gaziyev]. Baku: Science, 1994, pp. 85-88 (in Azerbaijani)
Sliyev E. Ordubad rayonunun tunc-ilk damir dovru arxeoloji abidalari [Bronze-Early Iron Age archaeological monuments of Ordubad district]. Baku: Science and Education, 2018, 272 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Huseynov M. M., Agalarzada A. M. Goranboy arxeoloji ekspedisiyasinin qazintilarinin naticalarina dair [On the results of the excavations of the Goranboy archaeological expedition]. Azarbaycanda arxeoloji tadqiqatlar 2008 [Archaeological research in Azerbaijan 2008]. Baku: 2008, pp. 36-40 (in Azerbaijani).
Karimov S. K. Lerik rayonunun arxeoloji abidalari [Archaeological monuments of Lerik region]. Baku: Araz 2006, 164 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Mahmudov F. R. Lankaran yaxinligindaki qadim qabristan haqqinda [About the ancient cemetery near Lankaran]. Azarb. SSR EA Xabarlari. Tarix, falsafa va huquq seriyasi [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR. History, philosophy and law series]. Baku: Science. 1974, vol. 4, pp. 47-56 (in Azerbaijani).
Mahmudov F. R. Tali§ va Muganin qadim madaniyatina aid arxeoloji materiallar [Archaeological materials on the ancient culture of Talysh and Mughan]. Azarb. SSR EA-nin Xabarlari [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR]. Baku, 1970, vol. 2, pp. 6677 (in Azerbaijani)
Museyibli N. S. Zayam^ay nekropolunun qabir tiplari [Grave types of the Zayamchay necropolis]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi [Archaeology of Azerbaijan]. Baku, 2009, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 37-57 (in Azerbaijani).
Museyibli N. S., Nacafov §. N. Zeyemchay nekropolu [Zayamchay necropolis]. Baku: Science and Education, 2019, 424 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Museyibli N. S., Nacafov §. N., Huseynov M. M. Tovuzchay nekropolu [Tovuzchay necropolis]. Baku: Science and Education, 2021, 348 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Nacafov §. N., Agalarzada A. A., Ssadov V. A. Qaziqulu abidalari [Monuments of Qazigulu]. Baku: Afpoligraf, 2017, 232 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Narimanov i. H. 1960-ci ilda Saritapada arxeoloji qazintilar [Archaeological excavations in Saritepe in 1960]. Tarix institutunun asarlari, 16-ci buraxili§ [Works of the Institute of History. Vol. 16]. Baku: Science, 1963, pp. 81-98. (in Azerbaijani).
Rasuloglu T. Niftali kurqanlari [Niftali burial mounds]. Azarbaycanda arxeologiya va etnoqrafiya elmlarinin son naticalarina hasr olunmu§ konfransin materiallari [Materials of the conference dedicated to the latest results of archaeological and ethnographic sciences in Azerbaijan]. Baku: Bilik, 1992, pp. 21-23 (in Azerbaijani).
Guseynova M. A. Keramika pozdnei bronzy Azerbaidzhana opredelyayushchei komponent Khodzhaly-Kedabekskoi kul'tury [Late Bronze Age ceramics of Azerbaijan, a defining component of the Khojaly-Gadabey culture]. Saleh Qaziyevin anadan olmasinin 100 illiyina hasr edilan elmi sessiyanin materiallari [Materials of the scientific session dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Saleh Gaziyev]. Baku: Science, 1994, pp. 107-109 (in Russian).
Daniyelyan O. A. Bronzovye kinzhaly iz pamyatnikov Khodzhaly-Kedabekskoi kul'tury [Bronze daggers from the Khojaly-Gedabay cultural monuments]. Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati (AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1987, vol. 10, pp. 22-35 (in Russian).
Dzhafarzade I. M. Elementy arkheologicheskoy kul'tury drevney Mugani [Elements of the archaeological culture of ancient Mughan]. Azarbaycan SSR EA Xabarlari (umumi elmlar seriyasi) [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR (general sciences series)]. 1946, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 21-51 (in Russian).
Kesamanly G. P. Khachbulagskiy kurgan s massovym zakhoroneniyem [Khachbulag burial mound with a mass grave]. Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati (AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1976, vol. 8, pp. 46-75 (in Russian).
Kesamanly G. P., Gusejnova M. A. Pogrebal'nyye pamyatniki sel. Khoshbulag, issledovannye v 1974 g. [Funeral monuments of the village of Khoshbulag, investigated in 1974.] Azarbaycan Maddi Madaniyyati(AMM) [Azerbaijani Material Culture (AMC)]. 1993, vol. 11, pp. 21-28 (in Russian).
Kirichenko D. A. Kleimeniye i dekapitatsiya u drevnikh plemena yuga Azerbaidzhana. [Branding and decapitation among the ancient tribes of southern Azerbaijan]. Vestnik Muzeya Arkheologii i Etnografii Permskogo Predural'ya [Bulletin of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Perm Cis-Urals]. 2020, iss. X, pp. 40-47 (in Russian).
Makhmudov F. R. Talysh-Muganskaya kul'tura. [Talysh-Mugan culture]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. 2017, no. 2, pp. 1520 (In Russian).
Nadzhafov Sh. N., Asadov V. A. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki epokhi bronzy i rannego zheleza Zayamchaiskogo basseina Shamkirskogo rayona [Archaeological monuments of the Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Zayamchay basin of the Shamkir region]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. 2017, no. 2, pp. 3-21 (in Russian).
Buried in kurgan No. 1 near the village of Arvana about Late Bronze Age. URL: www. ancestralwhispers.org (acessed at: 30 October, 2024).
Jahani V. Archaeology of Deilaman. Archaeological investigations at the Archaeological Sites of Yasan (Kaferestan). Gilan: Bloor, 2014, 289 p.
Jahani V. Manifestation of the Iron I Culture in the Polerud Basin: An archaeological investigation of the Qaleh-Garden, Bouyeh and Tukamjan Cemeteries. Bulletin of the Okayama Orient Museum. 2011, vol. 25, pp. 31-58.
Khalatbari M. R. Archaeological investigations in Talesh, Gilan-1. Excavations at Toul-e-Gilan. Gilan: 2004a, 183 p.
Khalatbari M. R. Archaeological investigations in Talesh, Gilan-2. Excavations at Vaske and Mianrud. Rasht: 2004b, 240 p.
Agalarzada A. M. (ed.) Mugan arxeoloji medeniyyeti: Uzuntepe abideleri kompleksi [Mughan archaeological culture: Uzuntepe monuments complex]. Baku, 2017, 23 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Agalarzada A. M. Azerbaycanin cenub-sherq bolgesinin tunc dovru kurganlari (Yardimli rayonunun materiallari esasinda) [Bronze Age burial mounds of the southeastern region of Azerbaijan (based on materials from the Yardimli region)]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasina dair tadqiqatlar. Q. Qofqarhnin 70 illiyina hasr olunmu§ maqalalar toplusu [Research on Azerbaijani archaeology. Collection of articles dedicated to the 70th anniversary of G. Goshgarli]. Baku, 2017, pp. 55-68 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Lerik rayonunun Son Tunc-Erken Demir dovru qebir abidelerinden Jak de Morganin ashkar etdiyi silahlar haqqinda [About the weapons discovered by Jacques de Morgan from the Late Bronze-Early Iron Age grave monuments of the Lerik region]. AMEA-nin Xabarlari — ictimai elmlar seriyasi [ANAS News — Social Sciences Series]. Baku, 2018, vol. 2, pp. 106-113 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Lerik rayonunun Son Tunc-Ilk Demir dovru qebir abideleri ve defn adetleri (Fransiz arxeoloqu Jak de Morganin qazintilari esasinda etno-arxeoloji tedqiqat) [Late Bronze-Early Iron Age grave monuments and burial customs of the Lerik region
(ethno-archaeological research based on the excavations of the French archaeologist Jacques de Morgan)]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography] Baku, 2017, vol. 2, pp. 22-38 (in Azerbaijani).
Agalarzada A. M. Sarybulaq kurganlary [Saribulag burial mounds]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi va etnoqrafiyasi [Azerbaijani archaeology and ethnography]. Baku, 2018, vol. 2, pp. 3-15 (in Azerbaijani).
Agayev Q. H. ^axtaxti: tarixi-arxeoloji tadqiqat [Shakhtakhti: historical-archaeological research.]. Baku: Science and Education, 2019, 176 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Bax§aliyev V. B. Naxgvanin erkan damir dovru madaniyyati [Early Iron Age culture of Nakhchivan]. Baku: Science, 2002, 128 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Slakbarov A. i., Szizov T. H. Kohna Qi§laqda arxeoloji tapintilar [Archaeological finds in Old Qishlag]. Saleh Qaziyevin anadan olmasinin 100 illiyina hasr edilan elmi sessiyanin materiallari [Materials of the scientific session dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Saleh Gaziyev]. Baku: Science, 1994, pp. 85-88 (in Azerbaijani)
Sliyev E. Ordubad rayonunun tunc-ilk damir dovru arxeoloji abidalari [Bronze-Early Iron Age archaeological monuments of Ordubad district]. Baku: Science and Education, 2018, 272 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Huseynov M. M., Agalarzada A. M. Goranboy arxeoloji ekspedisiyasinin qazintilarinin naticalarina dair [On the results of the excavations of the Goranboy archaeological expedition]. Azarbaycanda arxeoloji tadqiqatlar 2008 [Archaeological research in Azerbaijan 2008]. Baku: 2008, pp. 36-40 (in Azerbaijani).
Karimov S. K. Lerik rayonunun arxeoloji abidalari [Archaeological monuments of Lerik region]. Baku: Araz 2006, 164 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Mahmudov F. R. Lankaran yaxinligindaki qadim qabristan haqqinda [About the ancient cemetery near Lankaran]. Azarb. SSR EA Xabarlari. Tarix, falsafa va huquq seriyasi [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR. History, philosophy and law series]. Baku: Science. 1974, vol. 4, pp. 47-56 (in Azerbaijani).
Mahmudov F. R. Tali§ va Muganin qadim madaniyatina aid arxeoloji materiallar [Archaeological materials on the ancient culture of Talysh and Mughan]. Azarb. SSR EA-nin Xabarlari [News of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR]. Baku, 1970, vol. 2, pp. 6677 (in Azerbaijani)
Museyibli N. S. Zayam^ay nekropolunun qabir tiplari [Grave types of the Zayamchay necropolis]. Azarbaycan arxeologiyasi [Archaeology of Azerbaijan]. Baku, 2009, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 37-57 (in Azerbaijani).
Museyibli N. S., Nacafov §. N. Zeyemchay nekropolu [Zayamchay necropolis]. Baku: Science and Education, 2019, 424 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Museyibli N. S., Nacafov §. N., Huseynov M. M. Tovuzchay nekropolu [Tovuzchay necropolis]. Baku: Science and Education, 2021, 348 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Nacafov §. N., Agalarzada A. A., Ssadov V. A. Qaziqulu abidalari [Monuments of Qazigulu]. Baku: Afpoligraf, 2017, 232 p. (in Azerbaijani)
Narimanov i. H. 1960-ci ilda Saritapada arxeoloji qazintilar [Archaeological excavations in Saritepe in 1960]. Tarix institutunun asarlari, 16-ci buraxili§ [Works of the Institute of History. Vol. 16]. Baku: Science, 1963, pp. 81-98. (in Azerbaijani).
Rasuloglu T. Niftali kurqanlari [Niftali burial mounds]. Azarbaycanda arxeologiya va etnoqrafiya elmlarinin son naticalarina hasr olunmu§ konfransin materiallari [Materials of the conference dedicated to the latest results of archaeological and ethnographic sciences in Azerbaijan]. Baku: Bilik, 1992, pp. 21-23 (in Azerbaijani).