CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CULTIVATED MYCELIUM OF WOOD-DESTROYING BASIDIOMYCETE FOMES FOMENTARIUS (L.) FR.
UDC 582.284:543.062:578.832:578.825
Abstract
The biomass of the mycelium of the xylotrophic basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius strain Kr-112 was obtained by submerged cultivation. The highest yield of dry biomass (6.9±0.3 g/l) was observed during submerged cultivation in a nutrient medium with starch and corn extract. Dry extracts were obtained from the biomass of the cultivated mycelium of the fungus and characterized by their chemical composition. The highest content of total protein (27±1 mg/g), phenolic compounds (13.8±0.5 mg/g) and flavonoids (13±1 mg/g) was shown in the ethanol extract of the cultured mycelium Fomes fomentarius grown in glucose-peptone medium. The maximum content of polysaccharides (379±16 mg/g) was shown by an ethanol extract from the mycelium of Fomes fomentarius grown in a medium with starch and corn extract. Extracts from the mycelium of Fomes fomentarius grown in a glucose-peptone medium showed the highest antioxidant activity. An ethanol extract obtained from a cultured mycelium grown in a glucose-peptone medium-exhibited antiviral activity in vitro against herpes simplex virus type 2 and avian influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1). The animal protection factor was 60% in experiments in vivo when orally administered ethanol extract of mycelium grown in a glucose-peptone medium in mice infected with the human influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) virus in the prophylactic scheme.
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