THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF SUNFLOWER HUSKS
UDC 62-664.2
Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies of the process of thermochemical conversion of sunflower husk by pyrolysis at a temperature of 550 °C and heating rate of 10 °C/min. The main physico-chemical characteristics of this plant raw material correspond to commercial fuels. Ashes are dominated by potassium (38.7%), calcium (26.9%) and iron (13.6%) oxides. Thermochemical conversion of sunflower husks produces 56.49% of pyrolysis liquid, 29.26% of carbonaceous residue and 14.25% of gas. Experimental data of pyrolysis fluid viscosity dependence on temperature in the range from –6 to +23.5 °С were obtained. As a result of GC-MS analysis mass spectra of 90 substances of organic nature were obtained, of which 20 were identified, which corresponds to 77.3% of the entire fraction. Pyrolysis fluid contains acids, alcohols, esters, ketones, amides, aldehydes, alkenes, phenols. Taking into account boiling points of the components included in the liquid fraction, it was found that it is reasonable to extract acetic acid and methyl alcohol. The acetic acid content in the pyrolysis liquid under study reaches 31.98% and the methanol content 12.05%. It should be noted that the content of propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, ethyl ester (6.20%) is high enough, but its boiling point coincides with a number of other components, so distillation of this component is inexpedient. Thus, the obtained pyrolysis liquid is a source of raw materials for obtaining at least two high added value products.
Downloads
Metrics
References
D'yakova N.A., Dronova A.V. Khimiya Rastitel'nogo Syr'ya, 2022, no. 2, pp. 35–50. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20220210658. (in Russ.).
Islamova S.I., Dobrynin A.B. Khimiya Rastitel'nogo Syr'ya, 2022, no. 1, pp. 325–334. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20220110226. (in Russ.).
Tuzhikov O.I., Hohlova T.V., Orlova S.A., Tuzhikov O.O. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnich-eskogo universitet, 2021, no. 5 (252), pp. 32–36. DOI: 10.35211/1990-5297-2021-5-252-32-36. (in Russ.).
Lugovoj Yu.V., Chalov K.V., Shimanskaya E.I., Stepacheva A.A., Sul'man E.M. Byulleten' nauki i praktiki. Elektronnyj zhurnal, 2017, no. 12 (25), pp. 62–69. (in Russ.).
Xiao L., Wen H., Shubin W. BioResources, 2016, vol. 11 (4), pp. 8806–8819. DOI: 10.15376/biores.11.4.8806-8819.
Casoni A.I., Bidegain M., Cubitto M.A., Curvetto N., Volpe M.A. Bioresource Technology, 2015, vol. 177, pp. 406–409. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.105.
Zabaniotou A.A., Kantarelis E.K., Theodoropoulos D.C. Bioresource Technology, 2008, vol. 99 (8), pp. 3174–3181. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.060.
Silva M.P., Nieva Lobos M.L., Piloni R.V. et al. SN Applied Sciences, 2020, vol. 2, article 1926. DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03730-x.
Antal M.J., Wade S.R., Nunoura T. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2007, vol. 79 (1–2), pp. 86–90. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2006.09.005.
Kazimierski P., Januszewicz K., Godlewski W., Fijuk A., Suchocki T., Chaja P., Barczak B., Kardaś D. Materials, 2022, vol. 15(3), article 1038. DOI: 10.3390/ma15031038.
Maksimuk Yu.V., Kruk V.S., Antonova Z.A., Ponomarev D.A., Sushkova A.V. Lesnoy zhurnal, 2016, no 6, pp. 110–121, DOI: 10.17238/issn0536- 1036.2016.6.110. (in Russ.).
García R., Pizarro C., Lavín A.G., Bueno J.L. Bioresource Technology, 2012, vol. 103, pp. 1249–1258. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.004.
Shumovskij A.V., Gorlov E.G., Noshin M.A. Himiya tverdogo topliva, 2020, no. 1, pp. 30–37, DOI: 10.31857/S0023117720010090. (in Russ.).
Paleckienė R., Sviklas A.M., Šlinkšienė R., Štreimikis V. Polish Journal of Environmentel Studies, 2010, vol. 19 (5), pp. 973–979.
Kovekhova A.V., Zemnuhova L.A., Aref'eva O.D. Izvestiya vuzov. Prikladnaya himiya i biotekhnologiya, 2017, no. 3, pp. 9–18. DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2017-7-3-9-18. (in Russ.).
Pattanayak S., Hauchhum L., Loha Ch., Sailo L. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2020, vol. 10, pp. 401–407. DOI: 10.1007/s13399-019-00421-5.
Karaeva J.V., Timofeeva S.S., Bashkirov V.N. et al. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2021, vol. 13, pp. 685–695. DOI: 10.1007/s13399-020-01138-6.
Casoni A.I., Bidegain M., Cubitto M.A., Curvetto N., Volpe M.A. Bioresource Technology, 2015, vol. 177, pp. 406–409. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.105.
Feller E.Yu., Kopylova O.I., Avdeeva D.A., Efanov M.V., Beushev A.A., Kon'shin V.V. Polzunovskij vestnik, 2019, no. 1, pp. 128–131. DOI: 10.25712/ASTU.2072-8921.2019.01.023. (in Russ.).
Zhao C., Jiang E., Chen A. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2017, vol. 90(6), pp. 902–913. DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2016.08.004.
Szwaja S., Magdziarz A., Zajemska M., Poskart A., Musial D. 2nd International Conference on the Sustainable Energy and Environmental Development IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, vol. 214, article 012140. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/214/1/012140.
Zhang J., Sekyere D.T., Niwamanya N., Huang Y., Barigye A., Tian Y. ACS Omega, 2022, vol. 7 (5), pp. 4245–4256. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05907.
Mar'yandyshev P.A., Kangash A.I., Pokryshkin S.A., Lyubov V.K., Tuve G., Brijard A., Brijak Zh.F. Himiya tverdogo topliva, 2021, no. 3, pp. 29–36. DOI: 10.31857/S0023117721030099. (in Russ.).
Kuz'mina R.I., Shtykov S.N., Pankin K.E., Ivanova Yu.V., Panina T.G. Pishchevaya promyshlennost', 2010, no. 7, pp. 21–22. (in Russ.).
Sarchami T., Batta N., Berruti F. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2021, vol. 15, pp. 1912–1937. DOI: 10.1002/bbb.2273.
Tuncev D.V., Halitov A.Z., Grachyov A.N. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta, 2010, no. 9, pp. 103–109. (in Russ.).
Kamarudin S.K., Shamsul N.S., Ghani J.A., Chia S.K., Liew H.S., Samsudin A.S. Bioresource Technology, 2013, vol. 129, pp. 463–468. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.016.
Iaccarino A., Gautam R., Sarathy S.M. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 2021, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 2234–2248. DOI: 10.1039/D0SE01664K.
![](http://journal.asu.ru/public/journals/1/article_11738_cover_ru_RU.jpg)
Copyright (c) 2023 chemistry of plant raw material
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors, which are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
1. Authors retain the copyright to the work and transfer to the journal the right of the first publication along with the work, at the same time licensing it under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to distribute this work with the obligatory indication of the authorship of this work and a link to the original publication in this journal .
2. The authors retain the right to enter into separate, additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published by this journal (for example, to place it in the university depository or to publish it in a book), with reference to the original publication in this journal.
3. Authors are allowed to post their work on the Internet (for example, in a university repository or on their personal website) before and during the review process of this journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion, as well as more links to this published work.