THE COMPOSITION OF VOLATILE SUBSTANCES OF ESSENTIAL OIL IN THE LEAVES OF SOME CITRUS SPECIES
UDC 634.31/34:581.19
Abstract
The component composition of the essential oil of the leaves of three types of rare citrus fruits from the collection of the Federal Research Center "Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences" has been determined. The purpose was to study the volatile organic substances that make up the essential oil. It will not only optimize the growing conditions under which the accumulation of components will be maximum, but also to conduct targeted selection. Essential oil is extracted from the leaves of three citrus species: C. ichagensis Sw., C. maxima ‘Sambokan’ (pompelmus), C. maxima ‘Gulripshsky' (pompelmus) and hybrid C. paradisi G-A-1 (grapefruit). The studied components of the essential oil were transferred from the leaves of citrus plants to the gas phase by heating the crushed suspension with vibrational stirring in a closed volume in the presence of water. Identification and evaluation of the relative content of chemical compounds of the vapor-gas phase was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. More than two dozen components have been identified using the mass spectrum database, mainly from the classes of mono-, bicyclic terpenes and sesquiterpenes. The leading component of essential oil in the leaves of S. maxima ‘Gulripshsky’, S. maxima ‘Sambokan’ and C. ichagensis Sw. is γ-terpinene, while in the leaves of C. paradisi the main component was D-Limonene. The species specificity of the chemical composition of the essential oil of C. maxima, C. paradisi and C. ichangensis Sw. was noted. The results obtained will be used to determine the species specificity of essential oils of promising types/ forms of various citrus fruits and applied in further breeding work to obtain varieties / forms with the highest content of essential oil.
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