RHEOLOGICAL AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF CRYOGEL BASED ON SODIUM ALGINATE AND CHITOSAN
UDC 544.77
Abstract
Nonwoven fibrous porous materials based on marine polysaccharides are of particular interest in various fields of medicine and pharmacology, in particular, for the creation of new effective wound coatings. This work was devoted to the production of cryogels for biomedical purposes based on the sodium alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex with the introduction of calcium carbonate microparticles. The effect of the concentration of polyelectrolytes and the amount of calcium carbonate on the rheological properties of hydrogels based on the sodium alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex was shown by the method of rotational viscometry. It was established that the dependence of the effective viscosity and the limiting shear stress of hydrogels on the concentration of polyelectrolytes and the amount of calcium carbonate injected was extreme with a maximum at the concentration of polyelectrolytes equal to 2.5 g/l and a calcium carbonate content of 20% of the weight of the polyelectrolyte complex. At the concentration of 2.5 g/l, the macromolecules of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes are at the most energetically advantageous distance, which contributes to the formation of a strong structure of the polyelectrolyte complex, resulting in an increase in the viscosity of the system. Lower viscosity values of hydrogels obtained at the concentration of polysaccharides above or below 2.5 g/l indicate the formation of less robust structures of the polyelectrolyte complex, which is due to less efficient interactions between alginate and chitosan in the region of these concentrations. The texture of the obtained material was characterized by the method of nitrogen porometry. It was shown that the cryogel based on the polyelectrolyte complex sodium alginate–chitosan has a developed mesoporous structure and a specific surface area of 30 m2/g. Due to the polyelectrolyte nature and porous structure of the material, the resulting cryogel was able to hold up to 15 g of liquid while maintaining its shape, which was especially important when creating biomedical materials. The transport properties of cryogel have been studied on the example of the medicinal substance of the antibiotic levomycetin. It was found that within seven hours there is a gradual release of levomycetin from the cryogel matrix, which opens up prospects for using the obtained material as a basis for creating wound coatings with prolonged release of medicinal substances.
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