COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF SIBERIAN FIR ABIES SIBIRICA LDB., GROWING IN DIF-FERENT AREAS OF THE KIROV REGION
UDC 665.53
Abstract
Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ldb.) Is a raw material for obtaining valuable essential oil. A change in the composition of the plant's essential oil can serve as a sign of the ecological disadvantage of the territory. The aim of the work was to study the composition and physicochemical properties of Siberian fir essential oil, which grows in different regions of the Kirov region. Sampling sites were distinguished by their location, climate and level of anthropogenic load. Essential oil was obtained by steam distillation. Samples were studied by organoleptic and physicochemical properties, their composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was established that the acid number was increased in the obtained oil samples, and oxygen-containing derivatives of terpenes (bornyl acetate) prevailed in their composition. Especially a lot of oxygen-containing substances was found in fir essential oil, which grows in large industrial centers of the region (the cities of Kirov and Kirovo-Chepetsk). The predominance of monoterpene hydrocarbons (camphene, limonene) was found in the composition of fir essential oil from the village of Ilyinskoye. Sesquiterpenoids in the samples were contained in a small amount, and camphor was noted only in the sample of fir oil from the village of Loino. The study confirms the data that with increasing pollution of the territory in the composition of the essential oil of Siberian fir, the share of bornyl acetate and other oxygen-containing compounds begins to increase.
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