COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NEMATOCIDAL ACTIVITY OF TAGETES PATULA (L., 1753) EXTRACTS IN EXPERIMENTS WITH THE SOIL NEMATODE CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS (MAUPAS, 1900)
UDC 633.88+615.322+615.284+632.955
Abstract
Phytopathogenic nematodes have a negative impact on crop productivity. Currently, the main method of controlling these pests is the use of synthetic nematocides. Despite their high efficacy and ease of use, synthetic nematocides can pose a risk to both agricultural producers and consumers of crop products. An alternative to the use of chemical plant protection products can be the use of substances of natural origin, such as plant extracts. When using plant extracts to control agricultural pests, it should be borne in mind that the biological activity of extracts depends not only on the plant species, but also on the method of obtaining the extract. This work presents data on the physicochemical properties and biological activity of the extracts of Tagetes patula Lemon Drop variety obtained using four extractants of different polarity: ethanol, chloroform, n-hexane and methyl tert-butyl ether. The pH, total carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids and thiophenes content were determined for each extract. The biological activity of the extracts was studied in experiments with the free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. All extracts had dose-dependent toxic effects on C. elegans organisms. The toxicity of the extracts depending on the solvent decreased in the series: chloroform > ethanol > n-hexane > methyl tert-butyl ether. The revealed differences in nematocidal activity of the extracts correlated with the content of phenols and carotenoids in them.
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