THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BERRIES OF SPECIES AND INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF RED CUR-RANT IN CULTURE
Abstract
Red currant is a valuable food and medicinal plant widely used in industrial and amateur gardening.
The aim of this article is a summary of results of a multi-year research of the chemical composition of fruits of red currant wild-growing species and natural interspecific hybrids of different geographical origin and assessment of a possibility of use of the selections to produce interspecific hybrids.
Biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins in red currant berries was carried out. The analyses of the chemical composition were performed by the universally accepted procedures.
The levels of variability of 8 biochemical characters of red berry fruits depending on conditions of a year were established. It was shown that the most stable biochemical character was content of dry substance in berries and the most variable one – content of catechins. More ascorbic acid accumulates in berries of Ribes atropurpureum from the Salair Ridge in comparison with the amount in berries of R. atropurpureum from the Altai Mountains. By the complex of biochemical characters of prime interest are R. atropurpureum and hybrid R. atropurpureum × R. altissimum, and by the content of dry substance, sugars and catechins – hybrid R. atropurpureum × R. vulgare. The selections are a source of 1-5 outstanding biochemical characters and promising for the use in breeding. The interspecific hybrids of red currant obtained in CSBG by the use of selections testify to the possibility of production of high yield, large-fruited cultivars with a high content of biologically active substances in berries.
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