TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE HERB CELANDINE (CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L.) AND DRYING THE RESULTING EXTRACT
UDC 615.322: 615.453:615.072
Abstract
The processes of extraction of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and organic acids from the herb of great celandine (Chelidonium majus L.) have been studied. Based on the research results, it was established that when extracting celandine herb with particle sizes of 2–6 mm with 70% ethyl alcohol at a temperature of 65±5 °C, the yield of alkaloids and flavonoids is more than 95% of the content in the raw material, and tannins and organic acids – more than 70%. To prepare raw materials for the extraction process, it is recommended to use a mill installed with a sieve with a hole size of 6 mm. Experiments were carried out to select the type of drying apparatus and establish optimal drying conditions. It was found that drying the alcohol extract from the celandine herb in a dryer with forced ventilation is optimal than drying in a drying oven (with and without vacuum) and in an infrared drying oven.
Using the method of planning an experiment based on a 3×3 Latin square design with further statistical processing of the results according to the Fisher criterion, it was established that the thickness of the layer of condensed extract on a baking sheet should have a layer thickness of 15 mm, drying time should be at least 5 hours, and hot air should be supplied at a temperature of 65±5 °C at a speed of 15 m/s. Based on the results obtained, a technology has been developed for the production of a dry extract from the celandine herb containing alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and organic acids. Testing of the developed technology showed that the yield of the target product is more than 20% by weight of the raw material, with a total alkaloid content of at least 1.5%, a total of flavonoids – at least 2.5%, tannins – at least 9.0%, organic acids – no less than 4.5%.
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