PRODUCTION OF NEW HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CELLULOSE ESTERS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF ITS NITRIC ACID ESTERS
UDC 661.728.86
Abstract
In the present study, a method of chemical modification of cellulose nitrate using butyric acid chlorohydride was studied. Methods of quantum chemistry were used to evaluate the electronic structure and reactivity of interacting molecules, which made it possible to predict possible reaction directions. As a result of the experiments, reaction products were obtained, the chemical composition of which was determined using elemental analysis. The structural characteristics of the synthesized compounds were evaluated using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Gel-penetrating chromatography and viscometric analysis methods were used to analyze the properties of high-molecular compounds, which helped to assess the degree of rupture of the polymer chain and reveal the formation of a more ordered structure. For a deeper understanding of the nitrate conversion process, kinetic analysis was performed, which allowed us to determine the optimal conditions for obtaining butyryl nitrates of cellulose. An important aspect of the study was the assessment of the thermal stability of the obtained compounds and the level of fire safety achieved by reducing susceptibility to heat and fire. The acquired characteristics of the synthesized product have opened up new possibilities for its use as a plasticizer in standard aviation elastomeric compositions based on butyl rubber brand 1675 and polyisoprene rubbers brand SKI-3. This confirms the importance of the developed chemical modification method for creating new materials with improved performance characteristics.
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