ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BIRD CHERRY FRUITS AND TASTING CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR PROCESSED PRODUCTS
UDC 634.739.2./3:581.192(571.14)
Abstract
Bird cherry is the most frost-resistant species of all stone fruit crops. Bird cherry fruits are a valuable source of medicinal raw materials. Not so long ago, bird cherry was introduced into the industrial culture of horticulture. There are currently 12 varieties recommended for food use in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation. Bird cherry fruits are edible, used in the native state and in the form of flour when baking pies and other confectionery products. Bird cherry (fruits) refers to a pharmacopoeia and food plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the products of processing of bird cherry and to study the biochemical composition of the isolated forms of bird cherry.
The article presents data on the biochemical composition and the results of a technological assessment of the quality of processed bird cherry fruits. The content of sugars, acids, anthocyanins, pectin substances and catechins in the fruits of 14 forms of bird cherry hybrids was determined. Differences in the content of biochemical parameters depending on the form have been established. Bird cherry fruits are characterized by a high sugar content from 36.13 to 53.67% of the raw weight and phenolic compounds. According to the content of catechins, selected forms No. 14-2-37 were identified, and according to the number of anthocyanins, hybrid No. 13-4-45. The fruits of most hybrids showed an increased content of tannins – from 1.62 to 3.39% of the raw weight.
The tasting evaluation of compotes revealed the best forms of bird cherry for use in processing (No. 14-2-30, No. 13-4-45, No. 3-7-16). The tasting evaluation of compotes revealed the best forms of cherry for use in processing (No. 14-2-30, No. 13-4-45, No. 3-7-16). The increased content of tannins in bird cherry fruits (on average 2.5%) confirms the expediency of their use in the canning and pharmaceutical industries. According to the chemical composition of fruits, hybrids and varieties of common bird cherry and Virgin bird cherry are promising for introduction into culture in the south of Western Siberia.
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