COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND SOME FEATURES OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CUSCUTA L.

UDC 547.814.5:582.942(470.638)

  • Similla Leontyevna Adzhiakhmetova Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Volga State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia Email: similla503@mail.ru
  • Nadezhda Mikhailovna Dibizheva Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia Email: nadezhda.chervonnaya@yandex.ru
  • Dmitry Igorevich Pozdnyakov Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia Email: pozdniackow.dmitry@yandex.ru
  • Eduard Tonikovich Oganesyan Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia Email: edwardov@mail.ru
DOI_disc_logo https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20250315253
Keywords: Cuscuta L., component composition, secondary metabolites, biological activity

Abstract

The review summarizes data on the taxonomy, distribution, component composition and main types of biological activity of Cuscuta L., the most widespread in Russia. Host plant volatiles have been shown to play an important role for the parasitic plant Cuscuta in host selection. Large-scale interplant protein translocation has been discovered that plays an important role in interactions between host plant and dodder and even between hosts connected by a dodder bridge. Currently, biologically active compounds of parasites of the genus Cuscuta L. have been studied in detail. The diverse chemical composition directly correlates with certain types of pharmacological activity. Data on the chemical composition of the main groups of Cuscuta metabolites are summarized, indicating specific compounds. The main classes of analyzed objects were: flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, lignans, steroids, fatty acids, polysaccharides, resin glycosides and volatile oils. The diverse chemical composition directly correlates with certain types of pharmacological activity: estrogenic, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant. Antifibrotic and antiosteoporotic effects were also studied. The information presented in the review shows that plants of the genus Cuscuta are promising for further study.

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Author Biographies

Similla Leontyevna Adzhiakhmetova , Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Volga State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Associate Professor of the Department of Organic Chemistry

Nadezhda Mikhailovna Dibizheva , Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Associate Professor of the Department of Organic Chemistry

Dmitry Igorevich Pozdnyakov , Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology with a Course in Clinical Pharmacology

Eduard Tonikovich Oganesyan , Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Organic Chemistry

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Published
2025-09-29
How to Cite
1. Adzhiakhmetova S. L., Dibizheva N. M., Pozdnyakov D. I., Oganesyan E. T. COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND SOME FEATURES OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CUSCUTA L. // Chemistry of plant raw material, 2025. № 3. P. 5-22. URL: https://journal.asu.ru/cw/article/view/15253.
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