EUROPEAN OLIVE (OLEA EUROPAEA L.): GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS, BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COM-POUNDS, PROSPECTS FOR MEDICAL USE (REVIEW)
UDC 615.322 + 615.074 + 543.062 + 54.384.2 + 54.022 + 615./21/.26
Abstract
Plant objects are a preferred source of bioactive secondary metabolites, since they cause a mild therapeutic effect, and with pronounced efficiency have a low toxicity profile. The review summarizes the literature data for the last 15 years on the European olive (Olea europaea L.). The search for scientific literature on the topic of the review was carried out in the electronic resources "PubMed" and "Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU". In the process of systematization of the obtained material, a systematic approach was followed, using the methods of analysis, generalization, scientific induction and logical analogy. The olive tree has a wide composition of primary metabolites, including proteins, lipids, minerals, carbohydrates and derivatives of these compounds, as well as a diverse and valuable set of secondary metabolites. The most common secondary metabolites are secoiridoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenolic alcohols. The data presented in the review show the prospects of studying the European olive and its products, since the olive is characterized by the following types of biological activity - antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, hypotensive, neuro- and gastroprotective. The data presented in the review may be in demand by specialists in the field of botany, pharmacy, drug technology, pharmacology and medicine. The information in the review can be used in the study of raw materials of the European olive, obtaining individual bioactive compounds from it and for the development of herbal medicines.
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