VARIABILITY OF MACRO- AND TRACE ELEMENTS CONTENT IN LONICERA CAERULEA SUBSP. ALTAICA (CAPRIFOLIACEAE) AS RELATED TO THE POLYPHENOLS CONTENT AND HABITAT ALTITUDE
UDC 574.927:581.192: 582.973:581.52:631.411:577.13:543.544.5.68.7
Abstract
To study the variability of macro- and trace elements content in the soil-plant system in Lonicera caerulea subsp. Altaica populations and chemical elements relationship with polyphenolic compounds composition at different habitat altitudes in the River Multa valley (Mountain Altai) soil and plant samples were collected at eight study sites at the altitudes from 1072 up to 1850 m a.s.l. The samples collected were analyzed by atomic emission spectrometry; the mobile forms of trace elements were determined in acetate-ammonium buffer (pH 4.8) atomic absorption spectrometry. The polyphenol content in phytomass was determined by HPLC. Correlation analysis was performed between the chemical elements content and individual classes and groups of polyphenols.
The data analysis revealed significant variation of chemical elements content in plants as related with their growing site location. The content of Ni, Cu and Zn in leaves, K, Ni, Pb and Y in stems and the accumulation rate of K, Ca, Mg and Sr were found to be positively correlated with the altitude, whereas the content of Ca, Mg, Na, Ba, Cr, Cd, Mo, Pb, Sr, V and Y, as well as the accumulation rate of Cu, Fe, Na and Zn, on the contrary, showed statistically significant decrease with the altitude. Physiologically meaningful ratios of some elements, such as Cu/Zn, K/Ca and Fe/Mn in leaves varied little, ranging 0.2-0.6; 0.8-1.9 and 0.5-2.0, respectively. The K/Ca ratio in plant organs showed statistically significant increase with the altitude, whereas the Ca/Na in leaves decreased. The flavons accumulation rates had statistically significant positive or negative correlations with Co and K content in leaves, Na, Zn and Ni in stems, with accumulation rate of such biophilic elements as Cu and Mg, as well as with K/Na in leaves and Ca/Na in stems. The hydrocinnamic acid derivatives were shown to have statistically significant correlation with some elements, i.e. negative with Cu, Co and Mn content, and positive with La and Mo content in leaves. The accumulation rate of flavonols was negatively correlated with Cd, Na, Mn and Zn and positively correlated with K/Na ratio in stems. Soil content of mobile Cu and Ni showed statistically significant correlation with the flavons content, whereas labile Cr was correlated with hydrocinnamic acids.
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