ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF DRY EXTRACT FROM CHICORY ROOTS
UDC 615.322
Abstract
Introduction. Water-soluble polysaccharides of chicory roots contain a lot of inulin – glucofructan, used as a dietary supplement to reduce blood glucose levels, prevent type II diabetes. However, in the Russian Federation there is no production of inulin. The population's need for inulin is almost entirely met through imports. This creates the need to develop a method for isolating and purifying water-soluble polysaccharides containing inulin from raw materials grown in the Russian Federation.
There are many technologies for obtaining fructosans (inulin, etc.) from plant materials in scientific literature. An analysis of Russian and foreign publications shows a wide range of methods: extraction (from 30 minutes to 5 days); various purification methods (activated carbon, calcium carbonate, phosphoric acid, anion exchangers, nanofiltration, etc.); precipitation of inulin in ethyl alcohol (water:alcohol ratios from 1:1 to 1:5), although other studies show that ratios of at least 1:4 should be used. Many studies are devoted to obtaining fructose, which is a product of fructosans hydrolysis, which is why the methods from these studies cannot be transferred to the technology for obtaining pharmaceutical inulin.
Aim. optimize the parameters of precipitation and purification of dry extract from chicory roots grown in the Russian Federation.
Materials and methods. Extraction was carried out from chicory roots at a ratio of 1:10, the sum of extractive substances, loss on drying, fractional composition, bulk density, water absorption and swelling coefficients, as well as mathematical data processing were determined according to the general pharmacopoeial articles of the state pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, 15th edition. Quantitative determination of the sum of fructosans in the liquid extract was determined spectrophotometrically with preliminary acid hydrolysis. Precipitation was carried out with 96% alcohol, the completeness of precipitation was determined gravimetrically, purification was carried out using activated carbon. Purity was confirmed spectrophotometrically.
Results and discussion. To deplete the raw material by more than 90%, only two extractions are required. It was determined that precipitation at a temperature of (20±5) °C yields results comparable to other temperature regimes ((-18±1) °C, (4±1) °C, (40±1) °C).
Conclusion. It is optimal to extract chicory roots with purified water no more than twice. Precipitation of water-soluble polysaccharides from the aqueous extract is optimally carried out at a temperature of (20±5) °C. The obtained dry extract was purified with activated carbon. The purity of the extract was 91%.
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