COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF GENUS VIOLA (VIOLACEAE) OF RUSSIAN FLO-RA
UDC 581.6:582.5:581.192
Abstract
The subject of the review is the component composition and biological activity of species of genus Viola L. (Violaceae) from the flora of the Russian Federation according publications appeared over the past few decades. Chemical constituents and biological activities have been reported for 24 species of the 100 Viola species occurring in Russian. Components of various structures: flavonoids, cyclotides, anthocyanidins, phenylpropanoic acids, coumarins, alkaloids, fatty acids and its derivatives and ect. were found in the roots, aerial parts, flowers and leaves. Composition of 137 flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins etc. was expanded with references to their chemical formulas and literature sources. Data of the essential oils isolated from the leaves of V. tricolor L., V. arvensis Murray, V. yedoensis Makino и V. odorata L. is systematized. It was demonstrated that extracts, their fractions, and some components showed different types of biological activity, including anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antiviral ones. The revealed range of biological activity partially confirmed expediency of using species of genus Viola in folk and standard practice medicine.
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