COMPOSITION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF ALKALOIDS IN THE CHAMAECYTISUS RUTHENICUS AERIAL PARTS OF THE SOUTHERN URAL REGION
Abstract
The composition and seasonal dynamics of alkaloids of the aerial part of the Chamaecytisus ruthenicus (in the buds, flowers, leaves and branches on the budding, flowering and bearing periods) growing in the mountain-forest region of the Southern Urals mountains were investigated by GC/MS. It was investigated that the content of alkaloids of aerial part of this plant is maximal on the budding period, and it decreases by the bearing phase. Thus at all phases of seasonal development the content of alkaloids in branches considerably exceeds their content in the other parts of this plant. The eight alkaloids, including seven quinolizidine alkaloids – sparteine, 17-oxosparteine, d-lupanin, a-isolupanin, 17-oxolupanin, sophocarpine, 12-N-methylcytisine and the pyridine alkaloid – ammodendrine, were isolated and identified. The major components of total alkaloids of Ch. ruthenicus on the budding period are sparteine and d-lupanin; the total alkaloids decreases during seasonal development mainly at the expense of content reduction (up to disappearance) of sparteine. These data allow to draw a conclusion, that Ch. Ruthenicus can be an available and renewable source of the two mentioned quinolizidine alkaloids – sparteine and d-lupanin.
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